scholarly journals Enhancing Adaptive Capacity of Andean Communities through the Implementation of Climate Services Value Chain. 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul Polato ◽  
Grinia Jesús Avalos Roldán ◽  
Hugo Armando Saavedra Umba ◽  
Luis Reinaldo Barreto Pedraza ◽  
Carmen Paulina Vega Riquelme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
User Engagement ◽  
Climate Services ◽  
Service Value ◽  
Climate Service ◽  
Agriculture And Food ◽  
International Experts

<p>Significant trends in precipitation and temperature have been observed in South America, including changes in climate variability and extreme events. Such trends are projected to continue in the future due to climate change. Of particular concern is the retreating of the Andean cryosphere which affects the seasonal distribution of streamflow thus affecting water supply for agriculture, cities and hydropower generation, in countries where poverty and socio-economic vulnerability levels are still high.</p><p>ENANDES “<em>Enhancing Adaptive Capacity of Andean Communities through Climate Services”</em> project seeks to strengthen the capacity of society and communities in Chile, Colombia and Peru to adapt to climate variability and change. This four years intervention (2021-2025) is<em> </em>funded by the Adaptation Fund and implemented by WMO in partnership with National Meteorology and Hydrology Service of Peru – SENAMHI, the Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies of Colombia – IDEAM, the Meteorological Directorate of Chile – DMC and the International Centre for Research on the El Niño Phenomenon – CIIFEN.</p><p>The project aims at enhancing the provision of “climate services” at regional and national levels focusing on the full service value chain with activities ranging from service design to participatory user engagement Indeed, the timely production, translation, and delivery of climate information for decision making, will support both climate risk management and adaptation plans, addressing three priority sectors: agriculture and food security, water and energy. ENANDES is structured around four major components that build the climate service value chain with a regional approach: 1) design, production and communication of climate and water information and services, 2) institutional coordination to facilitate the targeting of information, products, and services to user needs, 3) engagement of stakeholders in the co-development and implementation of local plan for adaptation, and 4) regional and global coordination and cooperation for the provision of climate services and adaptation actions. The strategy foresees also the engagement with qualified regional and international experts and partners, such as the National Institute of Space Research of Brazil – INPE, the State Meteorology Agency of Spain- AEMET to and the Swiss Meteorological Service – MeteoSwiss. The last one will capitalize previous experiences in the region and will support the assessment and evaluation of socio-economic benefits generated by the use of climate service at local, national and regional level.</p>

scholarly journals Translational Science for Climate Services: Mapping and Understanding Users’ Climate Service Needs in CSSP China

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-76
Author(s):  
Sarah Opitz-Stapleton ◽  
Roger Street ◽  
Qian Ye ◽  
Jiarui Han ◽  
Chris D. Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Climate Science ◽  
Service Needs ◽  
User Engagement ◽  
Translational Science ◽  
Regular User ◽  
Climate Services ◽  
Weather Information ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Climate Service ◽  
User Groups

AbstractThe Climate Science for Service Partnership China (CSSP China) is a joint program between China and the United Kingdom to build the basis for climate services to support the weather and climate resilient economic development and welfare in China. Work Package 5 (WP5) provides the translational science on identification of: different users and providers, and their mandates; factors contributing to communication gaps and capacities between various users and providers; and mechanisms to work through such issues to develop and/or evolve a range of climate services. Key findings to emerge include that users from different sectors have varying capacities, requirements, and needs for information in their decision contexts, with a current strong preference for weather information. Separating climate and weather services when engaging users is often not constructive. Furthermore, there is a need to move to a service delivery model that is more user-driven and science informed; having sound climate science is not enough to develop services that are credible, salient, reliable, or timely for diverse user groups. Greater investment in building the capacity of the research community supporting and providing climate services to conduct translational sciences and develop regular user engagement processes is much needed. Such a move would help support the China Meteorological Administration’s (CMA) ongoing efforts to improve climate services. It would also assist in potentially linking a broader group of “super” users who currently act as providers and purveyors of climate services because they find the existing offerings are not relevant to their needs or cannot access CMA’s services.

scholarly journals Designing a Climate Service for Planning Climate Actions in Vulnerable Countries

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Christiana Photiadou ◽  
Berit Arheimer ◽  
Thomas Bosshard ◽  
René Capell ◽  
Maria Elenius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Science ◽  
Climate Impact ◽  
Climate Modelling ◽  
Climate Information ◽  
Climate Services ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Climate Service ◽  
Climate Analysis ◽  
International Experts ◽  
Active Interaction

The next generation of climate services needs not only tailoring to specific user needs but to provide, in addition, access to key information in a usable way that satisfies the needs of different users’ profiles; especially web-based services. Here, we present the outcomes from developing such a new interactive prototype. The service provides data for robust climate analysis to underpin decision-making when planning measures to compensate for climate impact. The goal is to facilitate the communication on climate information between climate modelling communities and adaptation or mitigation initiatives from vulnerable countries that are applying for funds from the Green Climate Fund (GCF). A participatory process was ensured during four workshops in four pilot countries, with an audience of national and international experts. During this process it was made clear that in all countries there is a strong need for knowledge in climate science, while in most countries there was also an increasing need of capacity in hydrological modelling and water management. The active interaction during the workshops was found necessary to facilitate the dialogue between service developers and users. Understanding the users, transparency on potentials and limitations of climate services together with capacity development in climate science and methods were required components in the development of the service.

scholarly journals Methods and Case Studies for Valuing Climate Services in the UK Climate Resilience Programme

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Watkiss ◽  
Alistair Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Baseline Scenario ◽  
Seasonal Forecasts ◽  
Climate Services ◽  
Climate Resilience ◽  
The Uk

<p>Investing in weather and climate information services leads to improved information.  The use of this information by users leads to benefits from avoiding negative or realising positive outcomes (the value of information (VoI)).  This paper provides a systematic and applied approach that has developed methodological guidance for the valuation of climate services. The guidance has been commissioned by the UK Climate Resilience project to promote the application of economic benefit analysis for climate services in the UK.</p><p>Building on existing literature, the method has developed a series of steps that comprise: construction of a baseline scenario; scoping of potential benefits of the new W&CI service; choice of method(s) for benefit valuation; development of the value chain for the service; assessment of benefits in monetary terms; assessment of costs of the service; comparison of benefits against costs; sensitivity and bias analysis; and to consider how benefits could be enhanced.  It encourages a value chain approach, considering foundational activities including science research and observations, forecasting capacity and accuracy, effective communication to users, and the uptake and use of this information by end-users, taking account of efficiency fall-offs at each stage.</p><p>The method and guidance extends the typical focus of valuation studies (on short-term weather and seasonal forecasts) to cover four temporal elements.</p><ul><li>Observed and historic information;</li> <li>Forecasts over hours to weeks ahead (early warning, weather forecasts);</li> <li>Forecasts for months to years ahead (seasonal forecasting, inter-annual variability); and</li> <li>Projections for future decades (climate change) (adaptation services).</li> </ul><p>Each of these involves different issues and therefore requires slightly different methodological approaches (and for adaptation services, very different approaches). In order to model the benefits of specific new W&CI services – across these four areas - the approach provides guidance for quantitative methods, including:</p><ul><li>Ex ante modelling studies;</li> <li>Stated preference methods (contingent valuation and choice experiments);</li> <li>Experimental economic methods;</li> <li>Ex post surveys;</li> <li>Revealed preference (including econometric-based) methods;</li> <li>Value transfer procedures from existing studies.</li> </ul><p>The relative merits of these methods are identified and an initial mapping against the temporal elements is developed. Alongside these technical factors, the guidance also considers the methods in terms of required expertise; time, data availability and resources.</p><p>The guidance also recommends on how to improve the uptake of economic analysis as part of climate services proposals and design. It recommends inclusion in programme/project logical frameworks, such that economic benefits can be considered as an outcome or impact metric thereby providing an opportunity to demonstrate value for money.</p><p>Finally, the paper presents ongoing case study working that is applying the guidance to three operational climate service projects, covering different temporal aspects.</p>

Virtual user engagement methods for working with stakeholders in China 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosie Oakes ◽  
Stacey New ◽  
Jennifer Weeks ◽  
Nicola Golding ◽  
Chris Hewitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Comic Book ◽  
International Travel ◽  
User Engagement ◽  
China Meteorological Administration ◽  
Climate Services ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Climate Service

<div> </div><div> <p>Climate services provide information to help better manage climate-related risks and opportunities in different sectors around the world. This requires work at the interface between scientific research and decision-making. Studies have found that climate services are most effective when they are co-developed and co-produced with the intended users of the services. To achieve this, climate service developments often involve scientists engaging with users and potential users, which traditionally has been most productive face-to-face, at least in the early stages of engagement and co-development to build relationships.  </p> <p>In March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic dramatically restricted face-to-face engagement, particularly for international activities. Climate service providers and users had to suddenly adapt and find methods to engage with each other virtually. Here we discuss the software and methods that are being used to ensure that provider-user engagement could continue, despite international travel restrictions, with a specific focus on working with users in China as part of the Climate Science for Services Partnership China project; a collaboration between the UK Met Office and other UK partners, the China Meteorological Administration, and the Institute of Atmospheric Physics. Using examples from work on food security with the agriculture sector in Northeast China, we will showcase different climate service prototype products, such as brochures, information packs, and comic book storylines which are helping us to engage with and understand the requirements of multiple audiences despite the lack of in-person engagement.  </p> <p>Through this work, we have discovered additional benefits to virtual engagement, such as more frequent interactions with users, the ability to involve participants who wouldn’t usually be able to travel to attend events, and new metrics for evaluating climate services. These benefits will likely make virtual provider-user engagement a more common tool for developing and refining climate services with international partners in the future. We hope that the tools and methods presented here will help other climate service providers to conduct productive virtual provider-user engagement in the future, both in China and in other countries around the world. </p> </div>

A review on the prerequisites of Evidence-Based Curriculum as a driver to skills development of the leather value chain in Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Mwinyikione Mwinyihija
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Curriculum Design ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Skills Development ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Wealth Creation ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Review Study

The review study closely introspects’ on the prerequisites of evidence-based curriculum within the realms of specialized skills development agenda as pursued through higher education Institutions in Africa. Explicitly, the constraining factors that bedevil the leather sector are identifiable when appropriate research designs tools are applied. As such, in the process of identifying the constraints, renascence themes could, therefore, be beneficial in collecting evidence in support of developing curriculum. Such a developed curriculum stands higher chances of acceptability and aptly mitigates against challenges related to specialized skills development. The review succinctly indicates that in the process of identifying the themes, the scope of collecting evidence becomes attainable, thus, improving curricula that entails a participatory and transformative orientation. Indeed, during the review phase of the study, three main perspectives are depicted to be consequential in attaining a comprehensive, evidence-based curriculum, such as; action research, backward curriculum design perspective and theoretical perspective. Therefore, about this perspective, a reflection based on personal experiences and related to new knowledge with what they already know leads to constructivism. The relevancy of a constructivist strategy is observed to facilitate the observatory and evaluative stance during the development of evidence-based curriculum. Moreover, in consolidating and sustaining the benefit of such a developed curriculum, threshold concept was found during the review that it complements the process and strengthens the collecting evidence for curriculum development. Accordingly, therefore, the result of the review study indicate that Africa would  position itself for initiating transformational changes in aspects of specialized higher education, fruition towards socio-economic benefits (e.g. employment, wealth creation and technology transfer), reversal of urban-rural or inter/intra continental migration flurry.

Command Agriculture and Food Security: An Interrogation of State Intervention in the Post-Fast Track Land Redistribution Era in Zimbabwe

2020 ◽  
pp. 002190962097933
Author(s):  
Langton Makuwerere Dube
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Fast Track ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Contract Farming ◽  
Credit Access ◽  
Land Redistribution ◽  
Agriculture And Food ◽  
Fiscal Prudence

Command agriculture is a contract farming scheme necessitated by land redistribution that ruptured Zimbabwe’s sources of resilience, distorted credit access, heightened tenure insecurity, and spiked vulnerability to droughts. Using qualitative analysis of extant literature, this article rationalizes the program’s nobility of cause but argues that the program alone cannot revamp agriculture. Notwithstanding how the program has evolved, revamping agriculture also encompasses policies that address fiscal prudence and macroeconomic resilience. Equally important is agricultural training that fosters skills and technologies that are not only climate-responsive but also meet the demands of the constantly evolving agrarian value chain.

scholarly journals Improving user engagement and uptake of climate services in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Golding ◽  
Chris Hewitt ◽  
Peiqun Zhang ◽  
Philip Bett ◽  
Xiaoyi Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
User Engagement ◽  
Climate Services

scholarly journals Demonstrating the full-value chain of climate services in Southern Africa: the FOCUS-Africa project

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Boscolo ◽  
Hamid Bastani ◽  
Asmerom Beraki ◽  
Nicolas Fournier ◽  
Raül Marcos-Matamoros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
End Users ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Climate Information ◽  
Climate Services ◽  
Wide Range

<p><strong><em>FOCUS-Africa</em></strong> is an EU Horizon 2020 project funded to co-develop tailored climate services in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region. The project, led by the WMO and started in September 2020, gathers 16 partners across Africa and Europe jointly committed to addressing the value of climate services for key economic sectors in Africa: agriculture and food security, water, energy, and infrastructure.</p><p>The project is piloting eight case studies (CSs) in five different countries involving a wide range of end-users. New services derived from seasonal and decadal forecasts are applied for food security and crop production in South Africa, Malawi, Mozambique, and Tanzania. High-resolution climate projections, as well as historical climate reanalyses, are used to support planning and investment decisions for: a railway infrastructure and a mix of renewable energies in Tanzania, hydropower generation assessment under climate change scenarios in Malawi, and water resources management in Mauritius.</p><p>For all the FOCUS-Africa’s case studies, socio-economic impact assessment of the delivered climate services will be carried out in collaboration with the CS leaders, service providers, and end-users, by providing ex-ante and ex-post evaluations grounded in the Global Indicator Framework for the Sustainable Development Goals. The project will align the capacity development efforts with those promoted by WMO for enhancing the capabilities of the NMHSs to deliver climate services to users and will make sure that the project's innovative processes and tools will be part of the WMO training curricula.</p><p>FOCUS-Africa's expected impacts are:</p><ul><li>Build a strong link between the climate scientific community and stakeholders in the SADC region by leveraging the advanced scientific knowledge and strong networks of the implementing team, and by establishing dedicated channels of communications, so as to target the full value chain of our users, from the start of the project</li> <li>Advance the way in which climate information is developed by characterising end-use requirements through regular engagement</li> <li>Contribute to the advancement of the scientific knowledge in the region and strengthened support for international scientific assessments through publications and reports such as those relevant for the IPCC, through the innovative science developed by FOCUS-Africa</li> <li>Demonstrate the effectiveness of the climate information by strengthening the adaptive capacity of end-users by delivering tailored, actionable, and exploitable climate services and by estimating their socio-economic benefits across the full value chain.</li> <li>Enhance policy-making for climate adaptation in the project and other countries</li> <li>Increase women’s access to climate services</li> </ul>

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