scholarly journals The support of multidimensional approaches in integrate monitoring for SEA: a case of study

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1191-1220
Author(s):  
C. M. Torre ◽  
M. Selicato
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Strategic Environmental Assessment ◽  
Human Pressure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract. During centuries, seaside has represented a crucial pole for future human development and civilization. The use of the sea for transport and trade and the overwhelming availability of food derived from coastal waters have encouraged and strengthened the growth of urban settlements. In the same time, the human pressure menaces to destroy coastal habitats, and consequently their carrying capacity that permits to guest many essential functions. Low-impact activities are often replaced on the surface by new intensive others that are attractive in the short term, but that in the long term undermine of reducing the resilience of the coast. It is clear that, in a perspective of sustainable development, economically efficient and socially equitable use of coastal areas need to be supported inside strategies to correct these weaknesses. The definition of such strategies and their implementation in the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is an essential tool of decision support and of monitoring. The issues of monitoring, more in particular, have been subject of study and modeling by the use of Dynamic Spatial Data Analisys (DSDA), in the case of the SEA of the Coastal Plan of the Italian Apulia Region, as an information instrument for regulating the anthropogenic changes; a possibility to implement the analysis of environmental sensitivity and propensity to Coastal erosion has been explored, in order to control the level of human pressure on land. The monitoring system should provide an automatic "alert" when the dimension and the velocity of change of land use overpass some threshold of environmental pressure.

scholarly journals The support of multidimensional approaches in integrate monitoring for SEA: a case of study

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Torre ◽  
M. Selicato
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Spatial Data Analysis ◽  
Human Pressure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract. During the centuries, the seaside has represented a crucial pole for future human development and civilization. The use of the sea for transport and trade and the overwhelming availability of food derived from coastal waters have encouraged and strengthened the growth of urban settlements. In the same time, the human pressure menaces to destroy coastal habitats and consequently their carrying capacity that allows for many essential functions. Low-impact activities are often replaced, on the surface, by new intensive ones that are attractive in the short term, but that in the long term undermine by reducing the resilience of the coast. It is clear that, in a perspective of sustainable development, economically efficient and socially equitable use of coastal areas need to be supported inside strategies to correct these weaknesses. The definition of such strategies and their implementation in the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is an essential tool for supporting decisions and of monitoring. The issues of monitoring, more in particular, have been the subject of study and modelling by the use of Dynamic Spatial Data Analysis (DSDA), in the case of the SEA of the Coastal Plan of the Italian Apulia Region, as an information instrument for regulating the anthropogenic changes; a possibility to implement the analysis of environmental sensitivity and propensity to Coastal erosion has been explored, in order to control the level of human pressure on land. The monitoring system should provide an automatic "alert" when the dimension and the velocity of the change of land use overpass some threshold of environmental pressure.

scholarly journals When is a Learning Object not an Object: A first step towards a theory of learning objects

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Sosteric ◽  
Susan Hesemeier
Keyword(s):  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Learning Objects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Object A ◽  
Smart Learning ◽  
Smart Learning Environments ◽  
Adequate Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Conceptual Confusion

<p> For some, “learning objects" are the “next big thing” in distance education promising smart learning environments, fantastic economies of scale, and the power to tap into expanding educational markets. While learning objects may be revolutionary in the long term, in the short term, definitional problems and conceptual confusion undermine our ability to understand and critically evaluate the emerging field. This article is an attempt to provide an adequate definition of learning objects by (a) jettisoning useless theoretical links hitherto invoked to theorize learning objects, and (b) reducing the definition of learning objects to the bare essentials. The article closes with suggestions for further research and further refinement of the definition of learning objects. </P>

scholarly journals Systema Temporis: A Time-Based Dimensional Framework for Consciousness and Cognition

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lachlan Kent ◽  
George Van Doorn ◽  
Britt Klein
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Approach ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Hierarchical Framework ◽  
Time Consciousness ◽  
Emotion And Memory ◽  
Definition Of

This study uses a combined categorical-dimensional approach to depict a hierarchical framework for consciousness similar to, and contiguous with, factorial models of cognition (cf., intelligence). On the basis of the longstanding definition of time consciousness, the analysis employs a dimension of temporal extension, in the same manner that psychology has temporally organised memory (i.e., short-term, long-term, and long-lasting memories). By defining temporal extension in terms of the structure of time perception at short timescales (&lt; 100 s), memory and time consciousness are proposed to fit along the same logarithmic dimension. This suggests that different forms of time consciousness (e.g., experience, wakefulness, and self-consciousness) are embedded within, or supported by, the ascending timescales of different modes of memory (i.e., short-term, long-term, etc.). A secondary dimension is also proposed to integrate higher-order forms of consciousness/emotion and memory/cognition. The resulting two-dimensional structure accords with existing theories of cognitive and emotional intelligence.

scholarly journals COASTAL CHANGES AT BETHANY BEACH, DELAWARE

1984 ◽  
Vol 1 (19) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. Dick ◽  
Robert A. Dalrymple
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Coastal Processes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Winter Storms ◽  
Barrier Beach ◽  
Commercial Activities ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Coastal Changes ◽  
Summer Homes

The coastal processes affecting Bethany Beach, Delaware were studied and the short-term and long-term trends in coastal changes were determined in order to develop recommendations for protecting Bethany against coastal erosion (Dick and Dalrymple, 1983). Bethany Beach is located on the Delaware Atlantic coastline which is a wide sandy baymouth barrier beach distinguished by highlands at Rehoboth Beach and Bethany Beach. The shoreline is straight, with only minor bulges and indentations (see Figure 1). Bethany Beach is a residential and resort community. Privatelyowned properties front the publicly-owned beach. Construction of new motels and summer homes is anticipated along with the continued growth of commercial activities to accommodate the increased number of visitors. Bethany is protected by a series of nine groins built between 1934 and 1945. Many of these groins have deteriorated, and are flanked at the landward end. Winter storms severely erode the beach and damage shorefront property. The beach is generally narrow (approximately 45 m wide), especially along the southern portion, and is backed by low dunes (about 15-45 m above NGVD). A timber bulkhead extends along most of the backshore.

scholarly journals Rapid retreat of permafrost coastline observed with aerial drone photogrammetry

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1513-1528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Cunliffe ◽  
George Tanski ◽  
Boris Radosavljevic ◽  
William F. Palmer ◽  
Torsten Sachs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Temporal Frequency ◽  
Shoreline Change ◽  
Yukon Territory ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Short Term

Abstract. Permafrost landscapes are changing around the Arctic in response to climate warming, with coastal erosion being one of the most prominent and hazardous features. Using drone platforms, satellite images, and historic aerial photographs, we observed the rapid retreat of a permafrost coastline on Qikiqtaruk – Herschel Island, Yukon Territory, in the Canadian Beaufort Sea. This coastline is adjacent to a gravel spit accommodating several culturally significant sites and is the logistical base for the Qikiqtaruk – Herschel Island Territorial Park operations. In this study we sought to (i) assess short-term coastal erosion dynamics over fine temporal resolution, (ii) evaluate short-term shoreline change in the context of long-term observations, and (iii) demonstrate the potential of low-cost lightweight unmanned aerial vehicles (“drones”) to inform coastline studies and management decisions. We resurveyed a 500 m permafrost coastal reach at high temporal frequency (seven surveys over 40 d in 2017). Intra-seasonal shoreline changes were related to meteorological and oceanographic variables to understand controls on intra-seasonal erosion patterns. To put our short-term observations into historical context, we combined our analysis of shoreline positions in 2016 and 2017 with historical observations from 1952, 1970, 2000, and 2011. In just the summer of 2017, we observed coastal retreat of 14.5 m, more than 6 times faster than the long-term average rate of 2.2±0.1 m a−1 (1952–2017). Coastline retreat rates exceeded 1.0±0.1 m d−1 over a single 4 d period. Over 40 d, we estimated removal of ca. 0.96 m3 m−1 d−1. These findings highlight the episodic nature of shoreline change and the important role of storm events, which are poorly understood along permafrost coastlines. We found drone surveys combined with image-based modelling yield fine spatial resolution and accurately geolocated observations that are highly suitable to observe intra-seasonal erosion dynamics in rapidly changing Arctic landscapes.

Drinking problems among recidivist prisoners

1971 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 388-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Griffith Edwards ◽  
Celia Hensman ◽  
Julian Peto
Keyword(s):  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Social Instability ◽  
Drinking Problems ◽  
Homeless Men ◽  
Conditioning Model ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Definition Of

SYNOPSISThe general relationship between alcohol and crime is reviewed, and five central methodological problems are identified relevant to prison population ‘alcoholism prevalence surveys’ as a prelude to a report of an investigation of 500 recidivist prisoners. The prevalence rate is shown to be highly dependent on the particular definition of ‘alcoholism’ which is employed. Long-term and short-term prisoner subgroups are compared, and similarities with a population of non-prisoner homeless men discussed. A ‘dependence score’ derived from an operant conditioning model of alcoholism correlates significantly with various measures of social instability.

scholarly journals EARTHQUAKE FORECAST BY TIME-DEPENDENT HAZARD MODELS

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 1309
Author(s):  
R. Console
Keyword(s):  
Epidemic Model ◽  
Stress Change ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Hazard Models ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Probability Of Occurrence ◽  
Seismogenic Structures ◽  
Definition Of

This presentation outlines methodological aspects of earthquake forecasting. The recurring debates concerning predictability of earthquakes clearly show how this problem is centred on the difficulty of systematically testing the numerous methodologies that in the years have been proposed and sustained by the supporters of prediction. This difficulty starts, sometimes, from the lack of a quantitative and rigorous definition of the concerned precursor, and other times from the lack of continuous observations, upon which statistical analyses could be based. After an introduction concerning the definition of earthquake precursors, the way how to validate forecast hypotheses and the cost associated to their operational application, I give two examples of time-dependent hazard models, for long-term and short-term earthquake forecasts respectively. Considering the long-term forecast modelling, the effect of stress change due to previous historical earthquakes on the probability of occurrence of future earthquakes on neighbouring faults is taken into account. Following a standard methodology developed a couple of decades ago, the probability of occurrence in the next 50 years for a characteristic earthquake on known seismogenic structures can be estimated by a time-dependent renewal model. Then, a physical model for the Coulomb stress change caused by previous earthquakes on these structures is applied. The influence of this stress change on the occurrence rate of characteristic earthquakes is computed taking into account the permanent perturbation (clock advance). The method so developed is applied to the computation of earthquake hazard of the main seismogenic structures recognized in the Southern Apennines region, for which both historical and paleoseismological data are available. A popular short-term time dependent hazard forecast model is the epidemic model. In this model earthquakes are regarded as the realization of a stochastic point process, and their magnitude distribution is described by the Gutenberg-Richter law with a constant b-value. The occurrence rate density is computed by the sum of two terms, one representing the independent, or spontaneous activity, and the other representing the activity induced by previous earthquakes. While the first term depends only on space, the second one is factored into three terms that respectively include the magnitude, time and location of the past earthquakes. An example of application of the epidemic model to the 2009 L’Aquila seismic series is shown.

scholarly journals Zaniedbane emocjonalnie dzieci – symptomy, diagnoza, formy wsparcia w środowisku przedszkolnym

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
Angelika Kleszczewska-Albińska
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Kindergarten Teachers ◽  
Emotional Neglect ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Behavioral Techniques ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Neglected Children ◽  
Definition Of

Children Emotional Neglect – Symptoms, Diagnosis, Forms of Support in Kindergarten Environment This article aims to present analysis of possible actions of kindergarten teachers and other specialists working with emotionally neglected children. The first part of the text includes definition of emotional neglect and information about the symptoms observed in emotionally neglected child. The short term and long term consequences of emotional neglect in group of children aged 3–6 were shortly described. The characteristics enabling recognition of emotional neglect and diagnostic procedures facilitating identification of a problem by teachers and kindergarten specialists were given. Basic cues concerning the work with emotionally neglected child that can be accomplished in kindergarten, including description of basic behavioral techniques, were presented. The cues for working with neglecting parent were also given. The article serves as a preliminary set of indicators for working with emotionally neglected children.

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