scholarly journals Thermodynamic and thermoeconomic analysis of combined geothermal space heating and thermal storage using phase change materials

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-80
Author(s):  
V. Chauhan ◽  
Á. Ragnarsson
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Thermal Storage ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Cost Flow

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The present work discusses the utilization of phase change materials for energy storage in geothermal space heating systems. Thermodynamics and thermoeconomics of the combined heating and thermal storing system were studied to show the scope of energy storage and cost savings. A computational model of the combined space heating and thermal storage system was developed and used to perform thermodynamic studies of the heat storage process and heating system efficiency at different times and ambient temperatures. The basis for these studies is daily variations in heating demand that is higher during the night than during the day. The results show the scope of the utilization of phase change material for low ambient temperature conditions. Under proper conditions a sufficient amount of exergy is stored during the charging period at a low ambient temperature to fulfill the daytime heat load requirement. Under these conditions the cost flow rate of exergy storage is found to be lower than the radiator heating cost flow rate. Thus, the use of exergy storage at low ambient temperatures for heating at higher ambient temperatures makes a significant contribution to cost savings.</p>

scholarly journals Special Issue “Advanced Phase Change Materials for Thermal Storage”

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1390
Author(s):  
Rocío Bayón
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Thermal Storage ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Advanced Phase

Thermal energy storage using phase change materials (PCMs) is a research topic that has attracted much attention in recent decades [...]

scholarly journals Performance Improvement of a Household Refrigerator using Phase Change Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 032-041
Author(s):  
Pradeep N ◽  
Somesh Subramanian S
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Thermal Storage ◽  
Latent Heat Storage ◽  
Peak Loads ◽  
Change Material

Thermal energy storage through phase change material has been used for wide applications in the field of air conditioning and refrigeration. The specific use of this thermal storage has been for energy storage during low demand and release of this energy during peak loads with potential to provide energy savings due to this. The principle of latent heat storage using phase change materials (PCMs) can be incorporated into a thermal storage system suitable for using deep freezers. The evaporator is covered with another box which has storage capacity or passage through phase change material. The results revealed that the performance is increased from 3.2 to 3.5 by using PCM.

scholarly journals Thermal Storage of Nitrate Salts as Phase Change Materials (PCMs)

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7223
Author(s):  
Marco A. Orozco ◽  
Karen Acurio ◽  
Francis Vásquez-Aza ◽  
Javier Martínez-Gómez ◽  
Andres Chico-Proano
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Sodium Nitrite ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Thermal Storage ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Nitrate Salts

This study presents the energy storage potential of nitrate salts for specific applications in energy systems that use renewable resources. For this, the thermal, chemical, and morphological characterization of 11 samples of nitrate salts as phase change materials (PCM) was conducted. Specifically, sodium nitrate (NaNO3), sodium nitrite (NaNO2), and potassium nitrate (KNO3) were considered as base materials; and various binary and ternary mixtures were evaluated. For the evaluation of the materials, differential Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to identify the temperature and enthalpy of phase change, thermal stability, microstructure, and the identification of functional groups were applied. Among the relevant results, sodium nitrite presented the highest phase change enthalpy of 220.7 J/g, and the mixture of 50% NaNO3 and 50% NaNO2 presented an enthalpy of 185.6 J/g with a phase change start and end temperature of 228.4 and 238.6 °C, respectively. This result indicates that sodium nitrite mixtures allow the thermal storage capacity of PCMs to increase. In conclusion, these materials are suitable for medium and high-temperature thermal energy storage systems due to their thermal and chemical stability, and high thermal storage capacity.

Composite phase change materials improve the photo-thermal effects of cotton fabrics

2020 ◽  
pp. 004051752097561
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Shang Hao ◽  
Jiali Weng ◽  
Yibo Zhang ◽  
Jiming Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Thermal Effects ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Thermal Storage ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Composite Phase Change Materials

We report on the impregnation-based preparation of composite phase change materials (CPCMs) with thermal storage properties, using paraffin wax and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). We coated the CPCMs on the fabric by scraper coating, then evaluated their shape stability, latent heat, thermal conductivity, thermal storage stability and photo-thermal effects. Results show that CPCMs with 10% acid-oxidized MWCNTs introduce only a small phase leakage when heated at 50℃ for 900 s; their latent heat energy reduces by 16.5%, while their thermal conductivity increases by 131.9% compared to pure paraffin. When exposed to sunlight at an ambient temperature of 12.5℃, the cotton fabrics coated with CPCMs record a 12.8℃ higher surface temperature than the pristine fabric, while their heat dissipation is delayed by 120–180 s. The fabric surface temperature increases to twice the ambient temperature during daytime. Overall, these findings indicate that the coated fabric has excellent thermal stability, affirming its potential as photo-thermal functional material.

Research and Application of Thermal Storage with Phase Change Materials

2011 ◽  
Vol 250-253 ◽  
pp. 3541-3544
Author(s):  
Gang Chen ◽  
Li Xia Wan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Phase Segregation ◽  
Thermal Storage ◽  
Energy Storage Materials ◽  
Storage Materials

The types and characteristics of phase change energy storage materials were introduced ，and the current research of thermal storage with PCMS is summarized in the paper. Meanwhile the influence of stability, corrosion, phase segregation, sub-cooling, and encapsulation of phase change materials on heat storage were presented also. The applications and prospects of PCMS used in many fields were summarized in the end of the paper.

Research Development and Application of Solar Thermal Storage With Phase Change Materials

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Liu ◽  
Hao Liang ◽  
Hang Yu ◽  
Xiaomei Tang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Thermal Storage ◽  
The Other ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Storage Technology ◽  
Composite Phase Change Materials

Research on efficient and economical thermal storage technology becomes common issue to the scholars. Especially research on PCMs becomes hot spot these years. In view of the discontinuity and instability of solar energy, efficient and economic research on energy storage technology occupies a very important position. This article summarizes and evaluates the research development and applications of solar thermal storage technology with PCMs both in China and the other countries. Including four parts: A review on preparation of new composite phase change materials and its thermophysical properties was carried out. Various heat transfer enhancement technology was overviewed. Including adding metal fill, adding graphite, capsule package, plus fins, adding carbon fiber and composite phase change materials, etc. Mathematical modeling of a latent heat thermal energy storage system (LHTES) was reviewed in recent years which is used for the optimum material selection and to assist in the optimal designing of the systems. The important characteristics of different models and their assumptions used are presented and discussed, the experimental validation of some models are also presented. The applications and prospects of PCMs used in the different fields were summarized, such as industry, agriculture, construction, textiles, electronic products, medicine, transportation etc. Finally, conclusions and perspectives were drawed. Hope to provide references to the other researchers in this field.

Experimental Study and Numerical Simulation on Thermal Energy Storage Characteristics of Composite Phase Change Materials in Annular Space of Vertical Double-Pipe Heat Exchanger

2014 ◽  
Vol 1053 ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Hong Liu ◽  
Zi Ye Ling ◽  
Peng Sun ◽  
Xiao Ming Fang ◽  
Tao Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Thermal Storage ◽  
Annular Space ◽  
Double Pipe ◽  
Storage Characteristics

Experimental system on thermal energy storage characteristics of phase change materials (PCMs) in annular space of a vertical double-pipe heat exchanger was set up. The thermal storage performance of paraffin and paraffin/expanded graphite composite PCM with the mass fraction of 70% paraffin was compared. The Fluent software was used to simulate the temperature field of the composite PCM during the thermal storage process. The results show that, for the paraffin, in the sensible heat storage phase, because the heat transfer process is controlled by the heat conduction, the temperature in paraffin gradually reduces from the inside to the outside of the annular space. But for the phase change thermal storage phase, solid-liquid phase change heat transfer is controlled by natural convection and the effect of buoyancy, the temperature in paraffin reduces from top to bottom, from the inside to the outside of the annular space. For the composite PCM, heat transfer is controlled only by the heat conduction process, both the sensible and latent heat storage process, the temperature in the composite PCM decreases from bottom to top, from inside to outside of the annular space. As the thermal conductivity of composite PCM is 15.65 times of paraffin, the thermal energy storage time is shortened by 86.6% than paraffin. The temperature fields of composite PCM in different time are obtained by numerical simulation method, the measured temperatures and simulation results are in good agreement.

scholarly journals Investigations on Phase Change Materials for Thermal Energy Storage (TES) System for Low-Temperature Steam Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Paul Gregory F ◽  
Velavan R ◽  
Kannan K
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Thermal Storage ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Optimum Number ◽  
Steam Cooking

Phase Change Materials (PCM) exhibit a thermal storage property by their latent heat of fusion. These PCMs absorb heat energy from the source and they undergo a change of phase and release the stored heat energy to the application when required. This research work focuses on utilizing this property of PCMs to store heat energy from a steam source from a Parabolic Trough Collector, and the output from such a Thermal Energy Storage Unit could be used for steam cooking. This research work selects the optimum Phase Change Material to suit the heating application and virtually simulates the performance of various configurations of Thermal Storage heat exchangers and finds the optimum number of passes for steam flow using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach.

scholarly journals Effect of input parameters on energy requirements of phase change material integrated local heating system

2021 ◽  
Vol 2116 (1) ◽  
pp. 012083
Author(s):  
Pushpendra Kumar Shukla ◽  
Pydi Anil Kishan
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Local Heating ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Change Material

Abstract The space heating in residential buildings in winter accounts for a considerable amount of conventional energy. Therefore, improving the performance of space heating systems with the inclusion of renewable energy sources like solar becomes crucial in order to have better occupant’s comfort while reducing energy use. Phase change material (PCM) is one of the best solutions for renewable energy, especially solar, which is intermittently available. PCM stores energy when surplus energy is available and delivers whenever it is required. It is integrated with the current system for energy storage as well as availing heat at a constant temperature. The present study will try to demonstrate the energy-saving by implementing the local heating with a spiral latent heat thermal energy storage system, when only a particular (local) space heating is of interest. In this work, an experimental as well as the numerical study of a dome over a bed was performed. Various heating coil configurations, namely floor coil, roof zig-zag, and roof spiral, were constructed to find the best configuration for the localized space heating. Experiments and simulations with the variable flow rate (0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 m/s) and varying inlet temperatures (55, 60, and 65°C) of the heat transfer fluid were carried out. It was found that the floor coil heating gives better results as compared with the other two. It was also seen that the effect of mass flow rate and inlet temperature was not that much significant after a limit. A temperature difference of 20°C was maintained between the space under consideration with the surrounding room.

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