scholarly journals Regional-scale brine migration along vertical pathways due to CO<sub>2</sub> injection – Part 1: the participatory modeling approach

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Scheer ◽  
Wilfried Konrad ◽  
Holger Class ◽  
Alexander Kissinger ◽  
Stefan Knopf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
Saline Aquifers ◽  
Scenario Development ◽  
Participatory Modeling ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
Risk Assessment Models ◽  
Brine Migration ◽  
Deep Saline Aquifers ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
A Site

Abstract. Saltwater intrusion into potential drinking water aquifers due to the injection of CO2 into deep saline aquifers is one of the hazards associated with the geological storage of CO2. Thus, in a site-specific risk assessment, models for predicting the fate of the displaced brine are required. From the very beginning, this research on brine migration, has been aimed at involving expert and stakeholder knowledge in simulating the impacts of injecting CO2 into deep saline aquifers by means of a participatory modeling process. The involvement exercise made use of two approaches. First, guideline-based interviews were carried out aimed at eliciting expert and stakeholder knowledge and assessments on geological structures and mechanisms affecting CO2 induced brine migration. Second, a stakeholder workshop, including the world café format, was used to evoke evaluations and judgments on the modeling approach, on scenario selection, and on preliminary simulation results. The participatory modeling approach gained several results covering brine migration in general, the geological model sketch, scenario development, and the review of the preliminary simulation results.

scholarly journals Regional-scale brine migration along vertical pathways due to CO<sub>2</sub> injection – Part 1: The participatory modeling approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2739-2750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Scheer ◽  
Wilfried Konrad ◽  
Holger Class ◽  
Alexander Kissinger ◽  
Stefan Knopf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
Saline Aquifers ◽  
Co2 Injection ◽  
Geological Model ◽  
Participatory Modeling ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
Brine Migration ◽  
Management Concepts ◽  
Deep Saline Aquifers ◽  
Simulation Results

Abstract. Saltwater intrusion into potential drinking water aquifers due to the injection of CO2 into deep saline aquifers is one of the potential hazards associated with the geological storage of CO2. Thus, in a site selection process, models for predicting the fate of the displaced brine are required, for example, for a risk assessment or the optimization of pressure management concepts. From the very beginning, this research on brine migration aimed at involving expert and stakeholder knowledge and assessment in simulating the impacts of injecting CO2 into deep saline aquifers by means of a participatory modeling process. The involvement exercise made use of two approaches. First, guideline-based interviews were carried out, aiming at eliciting expert and stakeholder knowledge and assessments of geological structures and mechanisms affecting CO2-induced brine migration. Second, a stakeholder workshop including the World Café format yielded evaluations and judgments of the numerical modeling approach, scenario selection, and preliminary simulation results. The participatory modeling approach gained several results covering brine migration in general, the geological model sketch, scenario development, and the review of the preliminary simulation results. These results were included in revised versions of both the geological model and the numerical model, helping to improve the analysis of regional-scale brine migration along vertical pathways due to CO2 injection.

scholarly journals Regional-scale brine migration along vertical pathways due to CO<sub>2</sub> injection – Part 2: A simulated case study in the North German Basin

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2751-2775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Kissinger ◽  
Vera Noack ◽  
Stefan Knopf ◽  
Wilfried Konrad ◽  
Dirk Scheer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
Variable Density ◽  
Salt Transport ◽  
Saline Aquifers ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
The North ◽  
Initial Salt ◽  
Deep Saline Aquifers ◽  
Salt Distribution ◽  
German Basin

Abstract. Saltwater intrusion into potential drinking water aquifers due to the injection of CO2 into deep saline aquifers is one of the hazards associated with the geological storage of CO2. Thus, in a site-specific risk assessment, models for predicting the fate of the displaced brine are required. Practical simulation of brine displacement involves decisions regarding the complexity of the model. The choice of an appropriate level of model complexity depends on multiple criteria: the target variable of interest, the relevant physical processes, the computational demand, the availability of data, and the data uncertainty. In this study, we set up a regional-scale geological model for a realistic (but not real) onshore site in the North German Basin with characteristic geological features for that region. A major aim of this work is to identify the relevant parameters controlling saltwater intrusion in a complex structural setting and to test the applicability of different model simplifications. The model that is used to identify relevant parameters fully couples flow in shallow freshwater aquifers and deep saline aquifers. This model also includes variable-density transport of salt and realistically incorporates surface boundary conditions with groundwater recharge. The complexity of this model is then reduced in several steps, by neglecting physical processes (two-phase flow near the injection well, variable-density flow) and by simplifying the complex geometry of the geological model. The results indicate that the initial salt distribution prior to the injection of CO2 is one of the key parameters controlling shallow aquifer salinization. However, determining the initial salt distribution involves large uncertainties in the regional-scale hydrogeological parameterization and requires complex and computationally demanding models (regional-scale variable-density salt transport). In order to evaluate strategies for minimizing leakage into shallow aquifers, other target variables can be considered, such as the volumetric leakage rate into shallow aquifers or the pressure buildup in the injection horizon. Our results show that simplified models, which neglect variable-density salt transport, can reach an acceptable agreement with more complex models.

scholarly journals A site selection methodology for CO2 underground storage in deep saline aquifers: case of the Paris Basin

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 2929-2936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrine Grataloup ◽  
Didier Bonijoly ◽  
Etienne Brosse ◽  
Rémi Dreux ◽  
Daniel Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Site Selection ◽  
Saline Aquifers ◽  
Underground Storage ◽  
Paris Basin ◽  
Deep Saline Aquifers ◽  
A Site ◽  
Selection Methodology

scholarly journals Regional-scale brine migration along vertical pathways due to CO<sub>2</sub> injection – Part 2: a simulated case study in the North German Basin

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Kissinger ◽  
Vera Noack ◽  
Stefan Knopf ◽  
Wilfried Konrad ◽  
Dirk Scheer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
Variable Density ◽  
Salt Transport ◽  
Saline Aquifers ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
The North ◽  
Initial Salt ◽  
Deep Saline Aquifers ◽  
Salt Distribution ◽  
German Basin

Abstract. Saltwater intrusion into potential drinking water aquifers due to the injection of CO2 into deep saline aquifers is one of the hazards associated with the geological storage of CO2. Thus, in a site-specific risk assessment, models for predicting the fate of the displaced brine are required. Practical simulation of brine displacement involves decisions regarding the complexity of the model. The choice of an appropriate level of model complexity depends on multiple criteria: the target variable of interest, the relevant physical processes, the computational demand, the availability of data, and their uncertainty. In this study, we set up a regional-scale geological model for a realistic (but not real) on-shore site in the North German Basin with characteristic geological features for that region. A major aim of this work is to identify the relevant parameters controlling saltwater intrusion in a complex structural setting and to test the applicability of different model simplifications. The model that is used to identify relevant parameters fully couples flow in shallow freshwater aquifers and deep saline aquifers. This model also includes variable-density transport of salt and realistically incorporates surface boundary conditions with groundwater recharge. The complexity of this model is then reduced in several steps, by neglecting physical processes (two-phase flow near the injection well, variable-density flow) and by simplifying the complex geometry of the geological model. The results indicate that the initial salt distribution prior to the injection of CO2 is one of the key parameters controlling shallow aquifer salinization. However, determining the initial salt distribution involves large uncertainties in the regional-scale hydrogeological parametrization and requires complex and computationally demanding models (regional-scale variable-density salt transport). In order to evaluate strategies for minimizing leakage into shallow aquifers, other target variables can be considered, such as the volumetric leakage rate into shallow aquifers or the pressure buildup in the injection horizon. Our results show that simplified models, which neglect variable-density salt transport, can reach an acceptable agreement with more complex models.

scholarly journals Brine migration along vertical pathways due to CO<sub>2</sub> injection – a simulated case study in the North German Basin with stakeholder involvement

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Kissinger ◽  
Vera Noack ◽  
Stefan Knopf ◽  
Wilfried Konrad ◽  
Dirk Scheer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Variable Density ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Saline Aquifers ◽  
Surface Boundary ◽  
North German Basin ◽  
The North ◽  
Brine Migration ◽  
Deep Saline Aquifers ◽  
German Basin

Abstract. Brine migration into potential drinking water aquifers due to the injection of CO2 into deep saline aquifers is one of the potential hazards associated with the Carbon Capture and Storage technology (CCS). Thus, in any site selection process, an important criterion should be the evaluation of brine migration resulting from the injection. We follow an interdisciplinary approach using participatory modeling to incorporate stakeholder opinion at an early stage in order to discuss and evaluate model conception and relevant scenarios for brine migration. The basis for this approach is a realistic (but not real) on-shore site in the North German Basin with characteristic geological features for that region. Our model fully couples flow in shallow and in deep saline aquifers including variable-density transport of salt and a realistic description of the top surface boundary conditions with groundwater recharge and rivers. We investigate different scenarios to identify relevant system components. Further, different model simplifications are compared and discussed with respect to the relevant physical processes and the expected data availability, i.e. to find a model as complex as necessary and as simple as possible. It becomes clear that the initial salt distribution plays a key role as to where noticeable concentration changes may occur. Also the boundary conditions are important for determining the amount of vertically displaced brine. Simplifications in the model setup, such as neglecting variable-density flow or simplifying the complex geometry may prove valid options given sparse data availability.

scholarly journals Modeling of German Low Voltage Cables with Ground Return Path

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Geis-Schroer ◽  
Sebastian Hubschneider ◽  
Lukas Held ◽  
Frederik Gielnik ◽  
Michael Armbruster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Analytical Calculation ◽  
Laboratory Measurement ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Return Path

In this contribution, measurement data of phase, neutral, and ground currents from real low voltage (LV) feeders in Germany is presented and analyzed. The data obtained is used to review and evaluate common modeling approaches for LV systems. An alternative modeling approach for detailed cable and ground modeling, which allows for the consideration of typical German LV earthing conditions and asymmetrical cable design, is proposed. Further, analytical calculation methods for model parameters are described and compared to laboratory measurement results of real LV cables. The models are then evaluated in terms of parameter sensitivity and parameter relevance, focusing on the influence of conventionally performed simplifications, such as neglecting house junction cables, shunt admittances, or temperature dependencies. By comparing measurement data from a real LV feeder to simulation results, the proposed modeling approach is validated.

scholarly journals Error Correction of Multi-Source Weighted-Ensemble Precipitation (MSWEP) over the Lancang-Mekong River Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Xiongpeng Tang ◽  
Jianyun Zhang ◽  
Guoqing Wang ◽  
Gebdang Biangbalbe Ruben ◽  
Zhenxin Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Error Correction ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Precipitation Data ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Hydrological Simulation ◽  
Mekong River Basin ◽  
Precipitation Estimation ◽  
Simulation Results

The demand for accurate long-term precipitation data is increasing, especially in the Lancang-Mekong River Basin (LMRB), where ground-based data are mostly unavailable and inaccessible in a timely manner. Remote sensing and reanalysis quantitative precipitation products provide unprecedented observations to support water-related research, but these products are inevitably subject to errors. In this study, we propose a novel error correction framework that combines products from various institutions. The NASA Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (AgMERRA), the Asian Precipitation Highly-Resolved Observational Data Integration Towards Evaluation of Water Resources (APHRODITE), the Climate Hazards group InfraRed Precipitation with Stations (CHIRPS), the Multi-Source Weighted-Ensemble Precipitation Version 1.0 (MSWEP), and the Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks-Climate Data Records (PERSIANN) were used. Ground-based precipitation data from 1998 to 2007 were used to select precipitation products for correction, and the remaining 1979–1997 and 2008–2014 observe data were used for validation. The resulting precipitation products MSWEP-QM derived from quantile mapping (QM) and MSWEP-LS derived from linear scaling (LS) are evaluated by statistical indicators and hydrological simulation across the LMRB. Results show that the MSWEP-QM and MSWEP-LS can better capture major annual precipitation centers, have excellent simulation results, and reduce the mean BIAS and mean absolute BIAS at most gauges across the LMRB. The two corrected products presented in this study constitute improved climatological precipitation data sources, both time and space, outperforming the five raw gridded precipitation products. Among the two corrected products, in terms of mean BIAS, MSWEP-LS was slightly better than MSWEP-QM at grid-scale, point scale, and regional scale, and it also had better simulation results at all stations except Strung Treng. During the validation period, the average absolute value BIAS of MSWEP-LS and MSWEP-QM decreased by 3.51% and 3.4%, respectively. Therefore, we recommend that MSWEP-LS be used for water-related scientific research in the LMRB.

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