scholarly journals Map symbol design: Presenting abstract topics with advanced symbology

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Alena Vondráková
Keyword(s):  
Information Transfer ◽  
Partial Information ◽  
Water Area ◽  
User Perception ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Map Symbol ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Blue Line ◽  
Graphic Elements ◽  
Complex Parts

Abstract. Map symbols design can be one of the most complex parts of creating a thematic map. This happens when you do not use the basic or pre-defined map symbols, but new symbols are created. And mainly when those symbols include more partial information about presented phenomena and at the same time correspond and respect principles of cartographic semiology.The principles of cartographic semiology are important since they have a large impact on user perception and cognition. Simply, it affects how map symbols work. Therefore, cartographers work very hard creating certain symbols trying do make the process of information transfer from the map to the user most effective.The basic principle is, that map symbols are easy to understand by the users when they make a connection between the graphic design on the map and the particular feature of the real world. And it is relatively easy to design symbols for phenomena that we see and that have clear characteristics, such as a river (blue line), a water area (blue area), a parking lot (grey area) or a museum (building symbol). It is much harder to design a meaningful map symbology for something abstract what we do not see. And this is exactly what this paper deals with. The map symbols design is presented on the example of case studies: the creation of a dialectological language atlas and the creation of tactile maps.The research focusing design approaches to the effective creation of map symbols, that works. There are some principles to follow to make them more intuitive to the users. And there are few principles, that have to be followed because it is a cartographic rule. The primary way in which symbols are changed is through their size, shape, texture, and pattern. However, detailed semiology deals with various forms of prefixes, subfixes, the internal structure of graphic elements, and other properties that can be summarized as advanced geovisualization.The presented outputs are part of the implementation of two different projects. The first project is the presentation of a very abstract topic (dialectology) for ordinary users, the second project is the presentation of a specific topic to people with severe visual impairments. And it is in their comparison that the beauty and complexity of cartography can be seen.

scholarly journals Near-optimal decoding of transient stimuli from coupled neuronal subpopulations

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Trousdale ◽  
Samuel R. Carroll ◽  
Fabrizio Gabbiani ◽  
Krešimir Josić
Keyword(s):  
Visual Processing ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Partial Information ◽  
Rotation Axis ◽  
Biophysical Model ◽  
General Mechanism ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
Vertical System ◽  
Optimal Decoding

Coupling between sensory neurons impacts their tuning properties and correlations in their responses. How such coupling affects sensory representations and ultimately behavior remains unclear. We investigated the role of neuronal coupling during visual processing using a realistic biophysical model of the vertical system (VS) cell network in the blow fly. These neurons are thought to encode the horizontal rotation axis during rapid free flight manoeuvres. Experimental findings suggest neurons of the vertical system are strongly electrically coupled, and that several downstream neurons driving motor responses to ego-rotation receive inputs primarily from a small subset of VS cells. These downstream neurons must decode information about the axis of rotation from a partial readout of the VS population response. To investigate the role of coupling, we simulated the VS response to a variety of rotating visual scenes and computed optimal Bayesian estimates from the relevant subset of VS cells. Our analysis shows that coupling leads to near-optimal estimates from a subpopulation readout. In contrast, coupling between VS cells has no impact on the quality of encoding in the response of the full population. We conclude that coupling at one level of the fly visual system allows for near-optimal decoding from partial information at the subsequent, pre-motor level. Thus, electrical coupling may provide a general mechanism to achieve near-optimal information transfer from neuronal subpopulations across organisms and modalities.

scholarly journals Application of geoinformation technologies for organizing passenger traffic at airports in conditions of quarantine zoning

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-77
Author(s):  
Sergey Andrieiev ◽  
Volodymyr Zhilin ◽  
Anastasiia Sabadosh
Keyword(s):  
Web Services ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Partial Information ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Passenger Traffic ◽  
Airport Terminal ◽  
Passenger Flows ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Creation

The subject of research is the development of a method for constructing WEB-services based on cartographic models of airports for organizing passenger flows in conditions of quarantine zoning. The object of the research is the process of managing passenger flows at airports. The objective of the work is to improve the organization of passenger traffic at airports under quarantine conditions with the use of WEB-services based on cartographic models of airport buildings. Conclusions. Using the analysis results of the world's airports activities over the past five years, a steady trend has been revealed towards an increase of the number of flights, and, consequently, growth of the passenger traffic at airports. Also forecasts of air traffic development trends in Europe in the next five years are analyzed, which indicate the direction towards the growth of air traffic. An analysis of the quarantine restrictions impact in connection with the spread of COVID-19 was carried out, which showed that, despite a significant decrease in passenger traffic at airports in the world due to quarantine restrictions, there will be a significant increase in passenger traffic after quarantine relief. Based on the above, it was concluded that it is urgent to improve the organization of passenger traffic at airports under quarantine conditions through the use of WEB-services based on cartographic models of airport buildings. At the same time, the feasibility of using GIS technologies at airports analysis was made, as well as a review of modern information technologies that are currently used to organize the operation of airports in conditions of quarantine zoning. A method for constructing routes for organizing passenger flows at airports in conditions of quarantine zoning has been developed. The methodology envisages for the creation of airports passenger traffic maps using the most modern cartographic software products ArcGIS and ArcGIS Online, it contains recommendations for using a billing Wi-Fi network to track the movement of passengers in airport buildings, and, finally, envisages for the creation of WEB services for cartographic models of airports terminals. Developed with the use of proposed methodology, WEB-services for organizing passenger flows at airports in conditions of quarantine zoning, are convenient and ergonomic in terms of usage by workers of airports and airlines. Moreover, passengers can also quickly receive partial information sufficient to organize their movement in the airport terminal in accordance with quarantine restrictions.

scholarly journals Implementation and 1-year follow-up of the cardiovascular ICU standardised handover

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e001063
Author(s):  
Monica Lupei ◽  
Nishkruti Munshi ◽  
Alexander M Kaizer ◽  
Luke Patten ◽  
Joyce Wahr
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Healthcare Provider ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Partial Information ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Provider Satisfaction ◽  
Significant Difference

BackgroundMiscommunication during clinical handover can lead to partial information transfer and healthcare provider dissatisfaction. We hypothesised that a quality improvement project to standardise the cardiovascular intensive care unit (CVICU) handover could improve healthcare provider satisfaction and reduce information omission.MethodsAfter institutional review board approval, the operating room (OR) to CVICU handover was audited prior, post and 1 year after standardisation implementation. The medical information transferred, healthcare provider participation and satisfaction, and patient outcome data were collected. Additionally, surveys were sent to the OR and CVICU staff by email.ResultsThere were 68 handover processes observed. The odds of greater satisfaction with handover for providers were 18 times higher with the process post implementation (p<0.0001) and 26 times higher 1 year after implementation (p<0.0001). There was statistically significant difference between intensive care unit resident presence (45% vs 76% vs 91%, p=0.004), surgical faculty presence (10% vs 36% vs 45%, p=0.034) and surgical fellow presence (15% vs 64% vs 62%, p=0.001) between the three time periods. More information related to the surgeon (5% vs 52% vs 27%, p=0.002), the medical history (65% vs 96% vs 91%, p=0.014) and the cardiopulmonary bypass (47% vs 88% vs 76%, p=0.017) was conveyed. The duration of mechanical ventilation was shorter after implementation (2.2±2.6 days vs 1.2±1.9 days vs 0.5±1.2 days, p=0.026).ConclusionsOne year after the OR to CVICU standardised handover implementation, the healthcare provider satisfaction remained increased, more team members participated and the information transfer increased. Although some clinical outcomes improved, further studies are recommended to prove causality.

scholarly journals Teaching Tepahtia

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-104
Author(s):  
Mackenzie Cooley
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
New Spain ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Gain Access

This pedagogical article discusses sources and methods for teaching the history of imperial science and medicine in the Nahua world from 1400 to 1600, a period that ranges from the spectacular growth of the Aztec Empire through the conquest to the creation of New Spain. By providing students tools to explore non-European ontologies and world-building, this article presents several exercises in which students act as archival researchers and themselves puzzle out the complexities of information transfer in the archive of sixteenth-century Latin America. Combining European paleography workshops, linguistic tools pioneered by the IDIEZ Nahuatl program, the study of Mesoamerican archeological objects, and an engagement with Mexican medicinal plants to recreate early modern remedies, students gain access to a world of New Spanish knowledge-creation.

Optimization of the Stamping Direction for Complex Parts Based on 3D Mesh Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 482-484 ◽  
pp. 2508-2511
Author(s):  
Deng Xia Zhang ◽  
An Tong Gao ◽  
Lin Sha ◽  
Ze Feng Wei ◽  
Jun Han
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Algorithms ◽  
3D Mesh ◽  
Mesh Model ◽  
3D Mesh Model ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Stamping Direction ◽  
Complex Parts

A new algorithm directly based on 3D mesh model is presented to determine the reasonable stamping direction in CAE software. Compared with former similar optimization algorithms of the stamping direction, it can simplify the procedure and avoid the missing of some necessary details of complex parts, and it is automatic and intellective to determine the reasonable stamping direction. The feasibility of the algorithm has been proved by the creation of stamping directions of the automobile fender.

“Just-in-Place” labor: Driver organizing in the Uber workplace

2020 ◽  
pp. 0308518X2094926
Author(s):  
Katie J Wells ◽  
Kafui Attoh ◽  
Declan Cullen
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Pricing ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Assembly Lines ◽  
Pricing System ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Platform Economy

This paper examines the socio-spatial dynamics of worker agency in the platform economy in the Washington, D.C. region. Drawing on the field of labor geography, we document the collective and inherently spatial conditions of laboring under and through new technologies for three years prior to, and six months after, a strike by Uber drivers in May 2019. In doing so, we explore what Uber’s platform means for the production, accumulation, and contestation of power. We argue that the big innovation of this platform is the creation of a “just-in-place” worker. Akin to those materials for assembly lines that arrived just-in-time for production, so too do drivers end up in just the right place for Uber’s services to be offered. We also argue that Uber’s attempts to keep its workers “just-in-place,” which generally isolate and disempower drivers, can actually enable new modes of organization. At a D.C. airport, drivers who were emplaced in a parking lot overcame one of the fundamental conditions of the Uber workplace: socio-spatial atomization. The airport became a space in which the “just-in-place” worker could, at least for a time, challenge such emplacement and exercise a form of collective worker agency by re-working Uber’s dynamic pricing system.

scholarly journals Detecting Design Trends Using Perceptive Tests Based on an Interactive Genetic Algorithm

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie Poirson ◽  
Jean-Franc¸ois Petiot ◽  
Julien Be´nabe`s ◽  
Ludivine Boivin ◽  
David Blumenthal
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Design Problem ◽  
Product Innovation ◽  
Graphical Interface ◽  
User Perception ◽  
Interactive Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Tuning Parameters ◽  
Assessment Tests ◽  
The Creation

To avoid flops, the control of the risks in product innovation and the reduction of the innovation cycles require valid and fast customer’s assessments. An Interactive Genetic algorithm is proposed for eliciting user’s perceptions concerning the shape of a product, in order to stimulate creativity and detecting design trends. Interactive users’ assessment tests are conducted on virtual products, for capturing and analyzing users’ responses. The IGA is interfaced with a CAD software (CATIA V5) and allows the creation in real time of a set of parameterized designs, which are presented iteratively by a graphical interface to the user for evaluation. After a description of the IGA, we present a study on the convergence of the IGA, according to the tuning parameters of the algorithm and the size of the design problem. An experiment was carried out with a set of 20 users on a particular product, table glasses. We describe the implementation of the perceptive tests and an analysis of the results. These results show how the IGA can be used to elicit user perception and detecting design trends.

scholarly journals Measuring spectrally-resolved information transfer

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e1008526
Author(s):  
Edoardo Pinzuti ◽  
Patricia Wollstadt ◽  
Aaron Gutknecht ◽  
Oliver Tüscher ◽  
Michael Wibral
Keyword(s):  
Information Transfer ◽  
Partial Information ◽  
Temporal Cortex ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Distributed Computation ◽  
Transfer Entropy ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
High Frequencies

Information transfer, measured by transfer entropy, is a key component of distributed computation. It is therefore important to understand the pattern of information transfer in order to unravel the distributed computational algorithms of a system. Since in many natural systems distributed computation is thought to rely on rhythmic processes a frequency resolved measure of information transfer is highly desirable. Here, we present a novel algorithm, and its efficient implementation, to identify separately frequencies sending and receiving information in a network. Our approach relies on the invertible maximum overlap discrete wavelet transform (MODWT) for the creation of surrogate data in the computation of transfer entropy and entirely avoids filtering of the original signals. The approach thereby avoids well-known problems due to phase shifts or the ineffectiveness of filtering in the information theoretic setting. We also show that measuring frequency-resolved information transfer is a partial information decomposition problem that cannot be fully resolved to date and discuss the implications of this issue. Last, we evaluate the performance of our algorithm on simulated data and apply it to human magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings and to local field potential recordings in the ferret. In human MEG we demonstrate top-down information flow in temporal cortex from very high frequencies (above 100Hz) to both similarly high frequencies and to frequencies around 20Hz, i.e. a complex spectral configuration of cortical information transmission that has not been described before. In the ferret we show that the prefrontal cortex sends information at low frequencies (4-8 Hz) to early visual cortex (V1), while V1 receives the information at high frequencies (> 125 Hz).

GRAPHIC DESIGN SOLUTIONS APPLIED ON CHILDREN'S ROOM SURFACES IN INTERIOR DESIGN

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-73
Author(s):  
Hülya YAVUZ ÖDEN
Keyword(s):  
Interior Design ◽  
Graphic Design ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Space Design ◽  
Internet Resources ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Graphic Elements ◽  
Children's Identity ◽  
Design For Children

Design elements such as typography, illustration, and photography used in graphic design can also be used indoors on surfaces and reinforcement elements. Original designs support the creation of the identity of the place. It is of great importance to use visual arts in the space. One of the areas of design that greatly affects people in the illustration. Whatever the content of the illustration, it can include different visual styles that can be expressed artistically. The art of illustration can express difficult concepts quickly. For this reason, illustrations are used in different techniques. Thus, it can be used to create unique designs that can reveal the difference of the brand. The uniqueness of the illustration used in the interior design is also effective in the formation of space's own identity. Illustrations that are uniquely designed based on the user's wishes should be used. Instead of fashionable design trends, the application of the appropriate forms to the concept of the space ensures the creation of the original space. The research aims to examine the use of graphic elements used in interior design, which is one of the factors that affect the formation of children's identity, on space surfaces. Qualitative methods were used as a method, and a literature review was made on graphic design and space design for children. The analyzed examples are limited to the use of typography and illustration on the walls and reinforcement element surfaces in the interior design of the children's room. The application images in the personal archive were used. Besides, internet resources were searched and the samples of the children's room were examined.

scholarly journals Synergistic Information Transfer in the Global System of Financial Markets

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1000
Author(s):  
Tomas Scagliarini ◽  
Luca Faes ◽  
Daniele Marinazzo ◽  
Sebastiano Stramaglia ◽  
Rosario N. Mantegna
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Information Flow ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Partial Information ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Transfer Entropy ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
Target Market ◽  
Stock Market Index

Uncovering dynamic information flow between stock market indices has been the topic of several studies which exploited the notion of transfer entropy or Granger causality, its linear version. The output of the transfer entropy approach is a directed weighted graph measuring the information about the future state of each target provided by the knowledge of the state of each driving stock market index. In order to go beyond the pairwise description of the information flow, thus looking at higher order informational circuits, here we apply the partial information decomposition to triplets consisting of a pair of driving markets (belonging to America or Europe) and a target market in Asia. Our analysis, on daily data recorded during the years 2000 to 2019, allows the identification of the synergistic information that a pair of drivers carry about the target. By studying the influence of the closing returns of drivers on the subsequent overnight changes of target indexes, we find that (i) Korea, Tokyo, Hong Kong, and Singapore are, in order, the most influenced Asian markets; (ii) US indices SP500 and Russell are the strongest drivers with respect to the bivariate Granger causality; and (iii) concerning higher order effects, pairs of European and American stock market indices play a major role as the most synergetic three-variables circuits. Our results show that the Synergy, a proxy of higher order predictive information flow rooted in information theory, provides details that are complementary to those obtained from bivariate and global Granger causality, and can thus be used to get a better characterization of the global financial system.

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