INVESTIGATION OF SOME PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ATHLETES DEALING WITH WATER SPORTS

Background: It is known that many factors can cause pressure for the athlete in sports performed on water rather than any outdoor sports. In this context, it is important to train athletes' cognitive abilities and skills with a strong mindset and to increase their awareness of their psychological characteristics. Aim: The aim of the study is to examine the psychological characteristics of athletes engaged in water sports regarding locus of control, motivation and achievement orientation and to determine possible relationships between them. Appropriate sampling, one of the non-probabilistic sampling methods, was used in determining the participants, and the study was carried out with a correlational survey model. A total of 147 licensed athletes (34 females and 113 males), including 48 windsurfers, 36 individual sails, 37 sets of sails, 26 kitesurf, participated in the study. Material and methods: The participants were administered the “Revised Locus of Control Scale”, “Sports Motivation Scale II” and “2x2 Achievement Orientation Scale”. Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis were used in the analysis of the data. Results: According to the analysis results, it was determined that there are statistically significant differences between national and non-national athletes in all sub-dimensions of the achievement orientation scale and that all athletes have a positive orientation towards learning. The average scores of the performance-approach sub-dimension of athletes aged 20 and under and the amotivated sub-dimension of individuals with sports age 9 and over were found to be significantly higher. In addition, a moderately significant positive correlation was found between performance-avoidance achievement orientation and the integrated regulation motivation dimension, and between intrinsic regulation and learning-approach orientation. Conclusion: As a result, it is thought that individuals dealing with water sports can develop different strategies according to their psychological characteristics on the way to success and the findings will contribute to the field of sports psychology.

THE IMPACT OF HEALTHCARE WORKERS’ EXPOSURE TO MOBBING BEHAVIOR ON ATTITUDES TOWARDS VIOLENCE AT WORK

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effect of mobbing behaviors of health workers at work on attitudes towards violence. Materials and Methods: The study included 75 health care workers who are working in the two different public hospitals. Data were collected between March and April 2016. A three-section questionnaire was used in the data collection. In the first section was contained the demographic characteristics of the participants. Other sections were “Workplace Psychologically Violent Behaviors (WPVB)" scale developed by Yıldırım and Yıldırım (2007) and "Adults’ Attitudes Scale Toward Violence Scale (AASTVS)" developed by Gür et al. (2016). Results: 82,7% of the participants in the research had one or more encountered workplace mobbing behavior from one or multiple times in the last 12 months. The most encountered mobbing behaviors of participants, respectively; attack on professional status (79%), attack on personality (76%), individual’s isolation from work (64%) and other negative behaviors (27%) were found. It is determined to be satisfied with the work of the participants medium level (2.58±1,1). In addition, when the participants have problems in their departmants, they stated that they receive support from 50.7% of the first-level manager, 46.7% of co-workers to solve. Conclusion: In this research, it is determined to participants are exposed to workplace psychological violence situations between attitudes towards violence were positive and moderately strong relationship (r = 0.447; p< 0.000) and the exposure to mobbing behavior an impact of 20% on attitudes towards violence.

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PERCEPTION OF STUDENTS: A LITERATURE REVIEW FOR THE RESEARCHES CARRIED OUT IN TURKISH UNIVERSITIES

This study was carried out to in order to determine the level of corporate social responsibility (CSR) perceptions of university students in Turkey. Initially the concept of CSR, its components and its benefits were explained. Subsequently, the information obtained by the literature review method was compiled. Then the findings were given. According to the results of the study it has been observed that; the perception of the students about CSR was generally positive and at a high level, the education given to students on CSR was beneficial, the most important component of CSR valued by students was legal responsibilities, significant differences were found between CSR components and some demographic variables, the differences in the distribution by gender came forward, meaningful relationships were found between CSR campaigns and the variables of brand loyalty and brand awareness, there was a meaningful relationship between the CSR and corporate reputation perceptions of the students, among the CSR campaigns which related to educational issues were preferred by students. Consequently if the necessary issues related to CSR are implemented in a planned manner by the managers of higher education institutions, CSR perception of all stakeholders (including students) in contact with the university could increase positively. This change could benefit the corporation.

ILHAN BERK IN THE RELATIONSHIP OF PAINTING AND POET IN LINE WITH THE CONCEPT OF INTER-ARTISTS "SEKER AHMET PASA / PRIVATE PROMISES"

In this study; The painting-poetry relation by Şeker Ahmet Paşa's "Education Men" painting and the poem "Şeker Ahmet Paşa / Talim Making Erler" with the same name, named İlhan Berk, were examined with the inter-art method chosen as a subject. The link between the structure and content of postmodern poetry and painting has formed the backbone of this study. In this context, it is aimed to examine the sources of modern and postmodern art, without leaving their own special fields, and while paying attention to their special fields, common concepts and images have been brought together. The research was conducted with the content analysis method on the basis of qualitative approach. In addition, in the study, the table of "Education Performers" was read with the method of visual reading and the poem titled "Şeker Ahmet Paşa / Talim Making Erler" was examined by content analysis technique. Ecfrasis has been handled in the relationship between painting and poetry, which has been intimate throughout the history of art, and two works have been researched in this direction. In the study, ecfrasis was explained and it was explained how it found a place in inter-arts. Berk presented a replica made with letters, which makes the work visible thanks to the formality of the poem. By looking at Şeker Ahmet Pasha's painting, he determined the credits of the painting and wrote his poem in line with this line. Thus, the content of the poem was included in the composition in terms of form, as well as the picture. In addition, while Berk attributes this work to himself, he emphasized Şeker Ahmet Pasha by placing the name of the painter in the name of the poem. The poet has made it a mission to serve and advertise the painting in this inter-art work in which poetry is the framework for the painting. With this study, which is thought to contribute to the literature, it is predicted that it will constitute a different example where ecfrasis and self-appropriation methods are used together.

SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE

An entrepreneur is an individual who produces goods and services by bringing together the factors of production systematically and consciously. Entrepreneurs take risks to make a profit. A social entrepreneur is a social leader who develops and implements practical solutions to social problems by taking advantage of innovations, original approaches and opportunities. The primary purpose of the social entrepreneur is not to make money. Since the profit made in social enterprises is used above all to achieve the main social goals, the profit generated is a means to the realization of the social mission, not an end. Nowadays, social entrepreneurship will develop with the increase in the number of sensitive young people who want to solve a social problem in the new generation. For the development of social entrepreneurship, children can be taught from a very young age how to develop an idea and solve a problem that needs to be solved. Although there are many examples of entrepreneurial children, not every entrepreneur child has to be a child entrepreneur. It is much more important to develop the necessary minds and skills of children. Care should be taken to ensure that children are happy first, and that they are raised as good people who know the meaning of adding value. While talking about the "entrepreneurial child" issue, the focus should not be on money and it should be discussed what can be done to increase the number of happy children who are sensitive to social issues. The aim of the study is to investigate social entrepreneurship and what can be done for the development of social entrepreneurship in children and young people. Differences related concept of social entrepreneurship, studies on social entrepreneurship in Turkey, applications and the development of social entrepreneurship personality, the factors in the development of entrepreneur children has been evaluated using literature. This study investigates the socially entrepreneurial behavior of children and young people.

THE IMPORTANCE OF RELATEDNESS SUPPORT IN EDUCATION

Self Determination Theory, developed by Edward L. Deci and Richard Ryan, is a motivation theory suggesting that if the innate psychological needs of people are met, their motivation will be achieved without external influence and intervention. According to this theory, autonomy (the ability to make decisions about one's own life on its own), competence (having control over outcomes and believing that one has the ability and ability to do any job) and relatedness support (to interact, connect, and value others) are psychological needs and are the optimal conditions for intrinsic motivation. In this study, the relationship between relatedness support provided by teachers in their instructional behavior and its relationship to student engagement was investigated. Students' engagement in the lesson is considered as part of their learning motivation. Designed as a cross-sectional observation study, 191 students from private and public high schools in Ankara were observed at three different times in the same class by two independent observers who received training in Self Determination Theory from the Department of Psychology. With the questions directed to the students, a positive correlation was found between students’ behavioral engagement (raising finger, asking questions, obeying the class rules, completing the given tasks), emotional engagement (enthusiasm, curiosity, interest, optimism), cognitive engagement (advanced deep information processing level and self-regulation skills) and agentic engagement (students' constructive contribution to their own learning, initiating new tasks) and the relatedness support provided by their teachers. When teachers spend time with their students, when they are physically nearby them, when they answer students’ questions, when they are clear and organized in the instructions given about the lesson, students' participation in the lesson has increased. The study also showed that teachers 'awareness of their own instructional behavior was positively correlated with students' intrinsic motivation. Feeling related to the classroom environment, the lesson, peers and the teacher enhances classroom motivation.

MOTIVATION IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN: THE EFFECT OF THE SUPPORTIVE EDUCATION PROGRAM

The aim of the study is to examine the effect of the Intrinsic Motivation Supportive Education Program on the motivation levels of preschool children. The study model has been planned as a mixed model. Quantitative dimension included the use of pretest-posttest experimental design with control group; qualitative dimension included the use of basic qualitative study design. The work group of the study consists of f 48-72 months old children the kindergartens of the schools affiliated to the Ministry of National Education, selected by random sampling method, located in a district with a low socioeconomic level in the city centre of Erzurum. Data were obtained by using "Motivation Scale for Preschool Children (DMQ18)" and Teacher Interview Form. Intrinsic Motivation Supportive Education Program consists of 4 subscales Attention and Problem Solving, Self Perception and Association, Independence and Self Discipline and Emotion Regulation and 72 integrated activities, with six activities from each dimension. Program was implemented 5 days a week and for 5 weeks. As a result of the analysis of the posttests taken after the program, the difference between the posttest scores of the experimental and control groups was statistically significant in favor of the experimental group (p <0.05); In the retention test regarding the permanence of the training program, it was determined that the effect of the training program increased in the experimental group (p <0.05).

EVALUATION OF MANAGEMENT PROCESSES AND COORDINATION COMPETENCES OF FACULTY MANAGERS

This study was conducted to find out answers to sub-questions of the aim to ineasure a coordination abilities and management processes of faculty administrators at private Near East University. To this aim, a questionnaire was distributed to 120 teachers in total who were randomly selected within nine existing faculties at Near East University in 2010-1012 · academic years. The questionnaire was. a 5-point Likert scale type consisting of 59 items and having eight measurement types was prepared to identify teachers' gender, age, marital status, education status, based on criteria of seniority, management course and participation course seminars. The questionnaire was administered to 120 teachers in nine faculties. However, 13 questionnaires did not return. Perceptions of 107 teachers were included in the research in total. Obtained data was coded into data tables and analyzed by using SPSS 17 program, T- test, ANOV A, and LSD test was applied for Multiple Comparison Statistical Analysis Results. Findings were discussed by presenting them in tables. According to the analysis of the thesis, important differences were found the perceptions of teachers related to management processes of management profession and acceptance of the level of this profession in terms of gender, type of school, age, carrier seniority, area of position, and perceptions of academicians related to school type, age, carrier seniority and area of position in terms of physical structure oft.he school arid organizational environment of teaching and learning.

INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TURKEY AND DEVELOPED STOCK MARKETS IN THE PANDEMIC PERIOD: ARDL BOUND TESTING APPROACH

The integration of stock markets is an essential issue for international investors who aim to make short and long term investments. This paper examines Turkey and developed stock markets co-movements during the pandemic. International portfolio diversification advantages are investigated for Turkish investors who have a portfolio in developed markets. For this purpose, the long-term relationship between stock markets is analyzed using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bound test. The study covers January 2019 and April 2021, and this period is divided into two separate periods, pre-pandemic and pandemic. The results of ARDL bounds tests have not found a cointegration relationship between stock markets in both the pre-pandemic period and the pandemic period. Granger causality test results show that NIKKEI 225 (Japan), DAX (Germany), FTSE 100 (United Kingdom) and CAC 40 (France) are the cause of BIST 100 (Turkey) in the pre-pandemic period. However, Granger causality test results show that there is no causality relationship during the pandemic period. Turkish stock market investors investing in developed stock markets will benefit from portfolio diversification in the long term.

ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF CITY COUNCILS FOR LOCAL GOVERNANCE

The process of change in the management approaches of cities encourages stakeholder participation. Multi-actor, transparent and controllable urban administrations should be the basic vision of modern cities. Because the heterogeneous structure is like a symbol of cities. It is important for the governance approach to have environments where different interest groups can come together for social reconciliation. City councils are examples of this situation. In the understanding of local government, there is a flow in favor of locality. This situation is valuable for local democracy. Effective and efficient participation of urban people in decisions contributes to accountability, social solidarity, and citizen awareness. Members of public, private, and non-governmental organizations can participate in city councils. It is therefore strong in terms of governance. The aim of this study is to examine the place and importance of city councils in terms of urban democracy. First of all, the conceptual framework of the phenomena is emphasized. Then, the roles in the establishment of local democracy through the structure of city councils are discussed. It is possible to realize the principles of governance in the functioning of city councils. Governance and city councils will play an active role in bringing a positive vision to cities. Therefore, city council activities that can work efficiently should be supported.