scholarly journals EVALUATION OF CAMERA POSITIONS AND GROUND POINTS QUALITY IN A GNSS-NRTK BASED UAV SURVEY: PRELIMINARY RESULTS FROM A PRACTICAL TEST IN MORPHOLOGICAL VERY COMPLEX AREAS

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W13 ◽  
pp. 637-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Tufarolo ◽  
C. Vanneschi ◽  
M. Casella ◽  
R. Salvini
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Complex Environments ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
Position Detection ◽  
Real Time Kinematic ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Camera Position ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Open pit mines localized in high mountains are probably one of the most complex environments for Structure-From-Motion (SfM) based photogrammetry. The case study presented in this paper refers to the realization of a detailed topographic mapping in the Torano marble basin (Apuan Alps, Italy) which needed, after decades of excavation activity, a new topographic survey.</p><p>Given the requested very high resolution, the time constraints and safety-related problems, a photogrammetric approach by a fixedwing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) was chosen to carry out thesurvey of the basin. In addition, given the morphological complexity of the area, characterized by extreme steep slopes more than hundreds of meters high, and the necessity to minimize the fieldwork without sacrificing the work quality, an UAV equipped with a L1/L2 Network Real Time Kinematic (NRTK) Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) was used.</p><p>The scope of this work is to compare the accuracy of UAV derived 3D photogrammetric models realized with different approaches: by using traditional Ground Control Points (GCPs), by using the on-board Network Real Time Kinematic system for camera position detection, and a mix of both. At the end, we tested the quality of the models to verify the reachable levels of accuracy.</p>

scholarly journals Nghiên cứu chế độ bay UAV trong khảo sát địa hình công trình dạng tuyến - ứng dụng cho đoạn đường đê Xuân Quan, Hà Nội

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7V) ◽  
pp. 131-142
Author(s):  
Lương Ngọc Dũng ◽  
Trần Đình Trọng ◽  
Vũ Đình Chiều ◽  
Bùi Duy Quỳnh ◽  
Hà Thị Hằng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite System ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Real Time Kinematic ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Global Navigation ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

Giải pháp thành lập bản đồ địa hình bằng thiết bị bay không người lái (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle - UAV) đang ngày càng phổ biến ở Việt Nam. Đã có nhiều nghiên cứu chứng minh thiết bị UAV đảm bảo độ chính xác thành lập bản đồ địa hình tỷ lệ lớn, tuy nhiên chưa có các giải pháp cụ thể cho công trình đặc thù dạng tuyến. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu của bài báo là các chế độ bay phù hợp cho công tác khảo sát địa hình các công trình dạng tuyến. Đối tượng thực nghiệm, một đoạn đường bộ thuộc địa phận đê Xuân Quan, Hà Nội, được khảo sát bằng thiết bị UAV Phantom 4 Pro với các chế độ khác nhau trên các phần mềm điều khiển bay có sẵn. Kết quả thực nghiệm các chế độ bay được so sánh với kết quả đo định vị động thời gian thực (Global Navigation Satellite System/Real Time Kinematic - GNSS/RTK) để đánh giá độ chính xác. Nghiên cứu chỉ ra kiểu bay dải phủ trùm, đối với công trình dạng tuyến, thích hợp ở các giai đoạn thiết kế kỹ thuật và thiết kế thi công. Trong khi kiểu bay 2 dải đơn phù hợp và hiệu quả cho các quá trình quy hoạch, đánh giá sơ bộ công trình dạng tuyến.

scholarly journals An Image-Based Real-Time Georeferencing Scheme for a UAV Based on a New Angular Parametrization

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3185
Author(s):  
Ehsan Khoramshahi ◽  
Raquel A. Oliveira ◽  
Niko Koivumäki ◽  
Eija Honkavaara
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Local Networks ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
Localization And Mapping ◽  
Monocular Slam ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Gimbal Lock ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite ◽  
Pyramid Matching

Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) of a monocular projective camera installed on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is a challenging task in photogrammetry, computer vision, and robotics. This paper presents a novel real-time monocular SLAM solution for UAV applications. It is based on two steps: consecutive construction of the UAV path, and adjacent strip connection. Consecutive construction rapidly estimates the UAV path by sequentially connecting incoming images to a network of connected images. A multilevel pyramid matching is proposed for this step that contains a sub-window matching using high-resolution images. The sub-window matching increases the frequency of tie points by propagating locations of matched sub-windows that leads to a list of high-frequency tie points while keeping the execution time relatively low. A sparse bundle block adjustment (BBA) is employed to optimize the initial path by considering nuisance parameters. System calibration parameters with respect to global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and inertial navigation system (INS) are optionally considered in the BBA model for direct georeferencing. Ground control points and checkpoints are optionally included in the model for georeferencing and quality control. Adjacent strip connection is enabled by an overlap analysis to further improve connectivity of local networks. A novel angular parametrization based on spherical rotation coordinate system is presented to address the gimbal lock singularity of BBA. Our results suggest that the proposed scheme is a precise real-time monocular SLAM solution for a UAV.

scholarly journals Methodology for the Correction of the Spatial Orientation Angles of the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Using Real Time GNSS, a Shoreline Image and an Electronic Navigational Chart

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2810
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Naus ◽  
Piotr Szymak ◽  
Paweł Piskur ◽  
Maciej Niedziela ◽  
Aleksander Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Spatial Orientation ◽  
Orientation Angle ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Correction ◽  
Lidar Measurements ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Marine Applications ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

Undoubtedly, Low-Altitude Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are becoming more common in marine applications. Equipped with a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) receiver for highly accurate positioning, they perform camera and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) measurements. Unfortunately, these measurements may still be subject to large errors-mainly due to the inaccuracy of measurement of the optical axis of the camera or LiDAR sensor. Usually, UAVs use a small and light Inertial Navigation System (INS) with an angle measurement error of up to 0.5∘ (RMSE). The methodology for spatial orientation angle correction presented in the article allows the reduction of this error even to the level of 0.01∘ (RMSE). It can be successfully used in coastal and port waters. To determine the corrections, only the Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC) and an image of the coastline are needed.

APLICAÇÃO DE GEOTECNOLOGIAS NA ANÁLISE DE VIABILIDADE TÉCNICA E ECONÔMICA DO PROJETO DE IMPLANTAÇÃO DO IFMA - CAMPUS ITAQUI-BACANGA.

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Maelckson Bruno Barros Gomes ◽  
André Luis Silva Santos
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite System ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Real Time Kinematic ◽  
Global Navigation ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

<p class="04CorpodoTexto">Este artigo tem por objetivo aplicar geotecnologias para obtenção de informações planialtimétricas a fim de avaliar a viabilidade de implantação do campus Centro Histórico/Itaqui-Bacanga do IFMA. Considerando que para realização de levantamento por métodos tradicionais é recomendado que seja realizado o destocamento e a limpeza do terreno previamente, avaliou-se a realização do levantamento planialtimétrico a partir de um par de receptores <em>Global Navigation Satellite System</em> (GNSS) pelo método <em>Real Time Kinematic</em> (RTK) pós processado e também a partir da realização de levantamento fotogramétrico, utilizando aeronave remotamente pilotada (ARP), popularmente conhecida como drone. Esta análise permitiu demonstrar que o aerolevantamento com a ARP pode ser aplicado na concepção inicial de um projeto de engenharia, conforme classificação do Tribunal de Contas da União (TCU) para níveis de precisão, pois obteve-se uma diferença orçamentária de 19% entre os projetos elaborados a partir das duas geotecnologias.</p><div> </div>

scholarly journals Online Near real-time Mine Disaster Monitoring System Based on Geosensor Networks

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Haifeng Hu
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Disaster Monitoring ◽  
Process Observation ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite ◽  
Safety And Stability

Abstract—An online automatic disaster monitoring system can reduce or prevent geological mine disasters to protect life and property. Global Navigation Satellite System receivers and the GeoRobot are two kinds of in-situ geosensors widely used for monitoring ground movements near mines. A combined monitoring solution is presented that integrates the advantages of both. In addition, a geosensor network system to be used for geological mine disaster monitoring is described. A complete online automatic mine disaster monitoring system including data transmission, data management, and complex data analysis is outlined. This paper proposes a novel overall architecture for mine disaster monitoring. This architecture can seamlessly integrate sensors for long-term, remote, and near real-time monitoring. In the architecture, three layers are used to collect, manage and process observation data. To demonstrate the applicability of the method, a system encompassing this architecture has been deployed to monitor the safety and stability of a slope at an open-pit mine in Inner Mongolia.

scholarly journals Photogrammetric 3D Model via Smartphone GNSS Sensor: Workflow, Error Estimate, and Best Practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 3616
Author(s):  
Stefano Tavani ◽  
Antonio Pignalosa ◽  
Amerigo Corradetti ◽  
Marco Mercuri ◽  
Luca Smeraglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
Terrain Models ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite ◽  
The Impact

Geotagged smartphone photos can be employed to build digital terrain models using structure from motion-multiview stereo (SfM-MVS) photogrammetry. Accelerometer, magnetometer, and gyroscope sensors integrated within consumer-grade smartphones can be used to record the orientation of images, which can be combined with location information provided by inbuilt global navigation satellite system (GNSS) sensors to geo-register the SfM-MVS model. The accuracy of these sensors is, however, highly variable. In this work, we use a 200 m-wide natural rocky cliff as a test case to evaluate the impact of consumer-grade smartphone GNSS sensor accuracy on the registration of SfM-MVS models. We built a high-resolution 3D model of the cliff, using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for image acquisition and ground control points (GCPs) located using a differential GNSS survey for georeferencing. This 3D model provides the benchmark against which terrestrial SfM-MVS photogrammetry models, built using smartphone images and registered using built-in accelerometer/gyroscope and GNSS sensors, are compared. Results show that satisfactory post-processing registrations of the smartphone models can be attained, requiring: (1) wide acquisition areas (scaling with GNSS error) and (2) the progressive removal of misaligned images, via an iterative process of model building and error estimation.

scholarly journals Construcción de la superficie hidrográfica de referencia vertical para las bahías de Buenaventura y Málaga, Pacífico colombiano

2018 ◽  
pp. 53-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merly Constanza Álvarez Machuca ◽  
Diego Armando Pulido Nossa ◽  
Leidy Janeth Solano Trullo ◽  
Fernando Oviedo Barrero
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite System ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Geodetic System ◽  
Real Time Kinematic ◽  
Global Navigation ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

El presente artículo define la ruta metodológica usada en el proyecto “Red Hidrográfica de Referencia Vertical para los principales puertos marítimos Colombianos”, durante la generación del marco vertical de referencia denominado “Superficie Hidrográfica de Referencia Vertical (SHRV2016)” para las bahías de Buenaventura y Málaga en el Pacífico Colombiano, a partir de tres componentes principales: la determinación matemática de datums verticales asociados a registros históricos de nivel de agua, el establecimiento de una red de vértices geodésicos de primer orden, y la medición de alturas en la superficie del mar con referencia al elipsoide WGS84 (World Geodetic System), empleando receptores del sistema GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) en modo diferencial RTK (Real Time kinematic). Los puntos de referencia en tierra fueron utilizados para dar el control vertical de precisión hacia los datums en el agua, y a su vez para la instalación de receptores base GNSS encargados de enviar las correcciones diferenciales en tiempo real durante la medición de alturas en la superficie del mar; Estas mediciones junto a la densificación de datums verticales calculados para la zona, constituyeron la base en la elaboración de la SHRV2016, modelo que con una resolución espacial de 500 metros, refiere al elipsoide WGS84 los datums verticales de nivel de agua, y que además de estandarizar las mediciones que realizan los diferentes usuarios en las aguas jurisdiccionales relativas a un datum vertical; permite aprovechar las ventajas de la tecnología GNSS para realizar la medición y corrección de nivel de agua en tiempo real con el menor grado de incertidumbre posible durante la ejecución de levantamientos hidrográficos, optimizando tiempo, calidad y recursos, especialmente en lugares como las Bahías de Buenaventura y Málaga, donde el régimen de marea hace compleja la actividad de corrección debido a la variabilidad en rango y fase propia del sector, lo cual obliga a instalar múltiples estaciones mareográficas, realizar tareas de topografía y geodesia en lugares de difícil acceso, y esperar al termino del levantamiento hidrográfico para incluir los registros de las estaciones en la corrección final de las profundidades. En un mediano plazo, las SHRV permitirán la generación de un modelo completo de referencia de los datums de marea hacia el elipsoide, que abarque completamente los litorales y regiones insulares del país, hasta los límites del mar territorial, gracias a la combinación con datos de altimetría satelital e instrumentos de observación mar adentro como boyas GPS, que permitan la correcta fusión con los modelos generados a nivel local en cada una de las bahías y puertos.

scholarly journals Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Surveying For Monitoring Road Construction Earthworks

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalev Julge ◽  
Artu Ellmann ◽  
Romet Köök
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
Surface Models ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite ◽  
Sand And Gravel ◽  
The Impact

Unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry is a surveying technique that enables generating point clouds, 3D surface models and orthophoto mosaics. These are based on photos captured with a camera placed on an unmanned aerial vehicle. Within the framework of this research, unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry surveys were carried out over a sand and gravel embankment with the aim of assessing the vertical accuracy of the derived surface models. Flight altitudes, ground control points and cameras were varied, and the impact of various factors on the results was monitored. In addition, the traditional real-time-kinematic Global Navigation Satellite System surveys were conducted for verifications. Surface models acquired by different methods were used to calculate volumes and compare the results with requirements set by Estonian Road Administration. It was found that with proper measuring techniques an accuracy of 5.7 cm for the heights were achieved.

scholarly journals Análise comparativa entre métodos de determinação de desníveis: Nivelamento geométrico e posicionamento em tempo real (RTK)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Zuleide Alves Ferreira ◽  
Jonathas Pereira Rabêlo ◽  
Lucas Elias Oliveira Borges ◽  
Matheus Gabriel Barbosa Cunha Gomes ◽  
Gustavo Marra Carrilho de Castro
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite System ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Real Time Kinematic ◽  
Global Navigation ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

<p class="SitioNovoResumo">A altitude de um local consiste na distância vertical entre determinado ponto na superfície terrestre e o nível médio dos mares, podendo ser determinada por diversos métodos. Devido ao uso crescente de novas tecnologias relacionadas ao Sistema de Navegação Global por Satélite (<em>Global Navigation Satellite System - GNSS</em>) na determinação da posição geográfica, inclusive para a determinação de altitudes, este trabalho tem como principal objetivo comparar dados obtidos através de nivelamento geométrico e de posicionamento em tempo real (<em>Real Time Kinematic - RTK</em>). O trabalho de campo foi realizado na cidade de Palmas – TO, onde para o levantamento executado pelo método RTK foram utilizados dois pares de receptores GNSS modelo Hiper II da fabricante Topcon, e para o nivelamento geométrico, foi utilizado um nível digital modelo Sprinter 250M da fabricante Leica Geosystems. Após o nivelamento e contranivelamento dos pontos, foi identificado erro altimétrico de 4 milímetros. Comparando-se os resultados obtidos, foi possível verificar que a média das diferenças entre as altitudes obtidas pelos dois métodos foi de 10 milímetros, sendo o desvio padrão dessas diferenças igual a 5 milímetros, caracterizando a amplitude amostral entre altitudes de apenas 21 milímetros. Deste modo, os resultados demonstram que a determinação da altitude pelo posicionamento em tempo real (RTK) apresentou precisão satisfatória atendendo adequadamente à maioria das necessidades da topografia, constatando-se rapidez e eficiência do método RTK também para determinação de desníveis.</p><p class="SitioNovoResumo"><strong>Palavras-chave</strong>: Altitude ortométrica. Nível digital. Topografia. GNSS.</p>

scholarly journals Assessment of Centre National d’Études Spatiales Real-Time Ionosphere Maps in Instantaneous Precise Real-Time Kinematic Positioning over Medium and Long Baselines

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 2293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Tomaszewski ◽  
Paweł Wielgosz ◽  
Jacek Rapiński ◽  
Anna Krypiak-Gregorczyk ◽  
Rafał Kaźmierczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Satellite Orbit ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Ionospheric Delay ◽  
Reference Station ◽  
Atmospheric Effects ◽  
International Gnss Service ◽  
Real Time Kinematic ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

Precise real-time kinematic (RTK) Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning requires fixing integer ambiguities after a short initialization time. Originally, it was assumed that it was only possible at a relatively short distance from a reference station (<10 km), because otherwise the atmospheric effects prevent effective ambiguity fixing. Nowadays, through the use of VRS, MAC, or FKP corrections, the distances to the closest reference station have been increased to around 35 km. However, the baselines resolved in real time are not as far as in the case of static positioning. Further extension of the baseline requires the use of an ionosphere-weighted model with ionospheric delay corrections available in real time. This solution is now possible thanks to the Radio Technical Commission for Maritime (RTCM) stream of SSR corrections from, for example, Centre National d’Études Spatiales (CNES), the first analysis center to provide it in the context of the International GNSS Service. Then, ionospheric delays are treated as pseudo-observations that have a priori values from the CLK RTCM stream. Additionally, satellite orbit and clock errors are properly considered using space-state representation (SSR) real-time radial, along-track, and cross-track corrections. The following paper presents the initial results of such RTK positioning. Measurements were performed in various field conditions reflecting realistic scenarios that could have been experienced by actual RTK users. We have shown that the assumed methodology was suitable for single-epoch RTK positioning with up to 82 km baseline in solar minimum (30 March 2019) mid and high latitude (Olsztyn, Poland) conditions. We also confirmed that it is possible to obtain a rover position at the level of a few centimeters of precision. Finally, the possibility of using other newer experimental IGS RT Global Ionospheric Maps (GIMs), from Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) among CNES, is discussed in terms of their recent performance in the ionospheric delay domain.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document