scholarly journals A RESEARCH ON MONITORING SURFACE DEFORMATION AND RELATIONSHIPS WITH SURFACE PARAMETERS IN QINGHAI TIBETAN PLATEAU PERMAFROST

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W7 ◽  
pp. 629-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Mi ◽  
Y. T. Li ◽  
F. Wang ◽  
L. Li ◽  
Y. Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
The Road ◽  
Persistent Scatterer ◽  
Downward Radiation

The Qinghai Tibetan Plateau permafrost has been the largest permafrost region in middle-low latitude in the world for its high altitude. For the large area permafrost, especially surface deformation brought by it, have serious influence on the road engineering, road maintaining and regional economic development. Consequently, it is essential to monitor the surface deformation and study factors that influent it. We monitored an area named Wudaoliang from July 25, 2015 to June 1, 2016 and 15 Sentinel images were obtained during this time. The area we chose is about 35 kilometers long and 2 kilometers wide, and the national road 109 of China passes through the area. The traditional PS-INSAR (Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) method is not suitable because less historical images in the research area and leading to the number of PS (Persistent Scatterer) points is not enough to obtain accurate deformation results. Therefore, in this paper, we used another method which named QUASI-PSInSAR (QUASI Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) to acquire deformation for it has the advantage to weaken or eliminate the effects of spatial and temporal correlation, which has proved by other scholar. After processing 15 images in the SARproz software, we got the conclusions that, 1) the biggest deformation velocity in the whole area was about 127.9mm/year and about 109.3 mm/year in the road; 2) apparent deformation which have surface deformation more than 30mm/year was about 1.7Km in the road. Meanwhile, soil moisture(SM), Land surface temperature (LST) and surface water(SW), which are primary parameters of the land surface over the same time were reversed by using Sentinel data, Landsat data and ZY-3 data, respectively. After analyzing SM, LST , SW and deformation, we obtained that wet areas which had bigger SM, lower LST and more SW, had greater percentage of severe deformation than arid areas; besides, deformation pattern were different in arid areas and wet areas. During the research time, frost heaving firstly accounted for a large proportion both in the arid and wet areas with the decrease of downward radiation from July to December; after December, thaw settlement came into prominence with the increase downward radiation in the arid areas, while in the wet areas, surface put into diverse situations because of water transformation leading to severe deformation. In summary, soil moisture is an important factor that influences the surface deformation. This relationship between deformation process and soil moisture will be researched more in our further work.

scholarly journals A SHORT REVIEW ON PERSISTENT SCATTERER INTERFEROMETRY TECHNIQUES FOR SURFACE DEFORMATION MONITORING

2022 ◽  
Vol XLVI-4/W3-2021 ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
A. M. H. Ansar ◽  
A. H. M. Din ◽  
A. S. A. Latip ◽  
M. N. M. Reba
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Deformation Monitoring ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Persistent Scatterer Interferometry ◽  
Persistent Scatterers ◽  
Persistent Scatterer ◽  
Aperture Radar

Abstract. Technology advancement has urged the development of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) to be upgraded and transformed. The main contribution of the InSAR technique is that the surface deformation changes measurements can achieve up to millimetre level precision. Environmental problems such as landslides, volcanoes, earthquakes, excessive underground water production, and other phenomena can cause the earth's surface deformation. Deformation monitoring of a surface is vital as unexpected movement, and future behaviour can be detected and predicted. InSAR time series analysis, known as Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI), has become an essential tool for measuring surface deformation. Therefore, this study provides a review of the PSI techniques used to measure surface deformation changes. An overview of surface deformation and the basic principles of the four techniques that have been developed from the improvement of Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PSInSAR), which is Small Baseline Subset (SBAS), Stanford Method for Persistent Scatterers (StaMPS), SqueeSAR and Quasi Persistent Scatterer (QPS) were summarised to perceive the ability of these techniques in monitoring surface deformation. This study also emphasises the effectiveness and restrictions of each developed technique and how they suit Malaysia conditions and environment. The future outlook for Malaysia in realising the PSI techniques for structural monitoring also discussed in this review. Finally, this review will lead to the implementation of appropriate techniques and better preparation for the country's structural development.

scholarly journals Monitoring Land Surface Deformation Associated with Gold Artisanal Mining in the Zaruma City (Ecuador)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 2135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Ammirati ◽  
Nicola Mondillo ◽  
Ricardo Adolfo Rodas ◽  
Chester Sellers ◽  
Diego Di Martire
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Local School ◽  
Artisanal Mining ◽  
Illegal Mining ◽  
Space Agency

Underground mining can produce subsidence phenomena, especially if orebodies are surficial or occur in soft rocks. In some countries, illegal mining is a big problem for environmental, social and economic reasons. However, when unauthorized excavation is conducted underground, it is even more dangerous because it can produce unexpected surficial collapses in areas not adequately monitored. For this reason, it is important to find quick and economic techniques able to give information about the spatial and temporal development of uncontrolled underground activities in order to improve the risk management. In this work, the differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (DInSAR) technique, implemented in the SUBSOFT software, has been used to study terrain deformation related to illegal artisanal mining in Ecuador. The study area is located in Zaruma (southeast of El Oro province), a remarkable site for Ecuadorian cultural heritage where, at the beginning of the 2017, a local school collapsed, due to sinkhole phenomena that occurred around the historical center. The school, named “Inmaculada Fe y Alegria”, was located in an area where mining activity was forbidden. For this study, the surface deformations that occurred in the Zaruma area from 2015 to 2019 were detected by using the Sentinel-1 data derived from the Europe Space Agency of the Copernicus Program. Deformations of the order of five centimeters were revealed both in correspondence of known exploitation tunnels, but also in areas where the presence of tunnels had not been verified. In conclusion, this study allowed to detect land surface movements related to underground mining activity, confirming that the DInSAR technique can be applied for monitoring mining-related subsidence.

scholarly journals Explanation of InSAR Phase Disturbances by Seasonal Characteristics of Soil and Vegetation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 3029
Author(s):  
Rogier Westerhoff ◽  
Moira Steyn-Ross
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Reflection And Transmission ◽  
Microwave Radar ◽  
Seasonal Characteristics ◽  
Large Phase ◽  
Microwave Reflection

Seasonal phase disturbances in satellite Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) measurements have been reported in other studies to suggest sub-centimetre land surface terrain motion. These have been interpreted in various ways because they correlate with multiple other (sub-)seasonal signatures of, e.g., clay swelling/shrinkage and groundwater level. Recent microwave radar studies mention the occurrence of phase disturbances in different soil types and soil moisture. This study further explored this topic by modeling phase disturbances caused by both soil and vegetation surface characteristics and aimed to interpret what their possible effects on InSAR-interpreted terrain motion is. Our models, based on fundamental microwave reflection and transmission theory, found phase disturbances caused by seasonal variation of soil and vegetation that have the same magnitude as interpreted seasonal land movement in earlier InSAR studies. We showed that small, temporal differences in soil moisture and vegetation can lead to relatively large phase disturbances in InSAR measurements. These disturbances are a result of waves having to comply with boundary conditions at the interface between media with different dielectric properties. The findings of this study explain the seasonal variations found in other InSAR studies and will therefore bring new insights and alternative explanations to help improve interpretation of InSAR-derived seasonal terrain motion.

scholarly journals Sentinel-1 and Ground-Based Sensors for Continuous Monitoring of the Corvara Landslide (South Tyrol, Italy)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Darvishi ◽  
Romy Schlögel ◽  
Christian Kofler ◽  
Giovanni Cuozzo ◽  
Martin Rutzinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Surface Velocity ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
South Tyrol ◽  
Temporal Decorrelation ◽  
Aperture Radar

The Copernicus Sentinel-1 mission provides synthetic aperture radar (SAR) acquisitions over large areas with high temporal and spatial resolution. This new generation of satellites providing open-data products has enhanced the capabilities for continuously studying Earth surface changes. Over the past two decades, several studies have demonstrated the potential of differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry (DInSAR) for detecting and quantifying land surface deformation. DInSAR limitations and challenges are linked to the SAR properties and the field conditions (especially in mountainous environments) leading to spatial and temporal decorrelation of the SAR signal. High temporal decorrelation can be caused by changes in vegetation (particularly in nonurban areas), atmospheric conditions, or high ground surface velocity. In this study, the kinematics of the complex and vegetated Corvara landslide, situated in Val Badia (South Tyrol, Italy), are monitored by a network of three permanent and 13 monthly measured benchmark points measured with the differential global navigation satellite system (DGNSS) technique. The slope displacement rates are found to be highly unsteady and reach several meters a year. This paper focuses firstly on evaluating the performance of DInSAR changing unwrapping and coherence parameters with Sentinel-1 imagery, and secondly, on applying DInSAR with DGNSS measurements to monitor an active and complex landslide. To this end, 41 particular SAR images, coherence thresholds, and 2D and 3D unwrapping processes give various results in terms of reliability and accuracy, supporting the understanding of the landslide velocity field. Evolutions of phase changes are analysed according to the coherence, the changing field conditions, and the monitored ground-based displacements.

A Spatial and Temporal Continuum Remotely Sensed Soil Moisture Dataset of the Tibet Plateau From 2002 to 2015

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaokui Cui ◽  
Chao Zeng ◽  
Jie Zhou ◽  
Xi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
General Regression Neural Network ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
Spatio Temporal

<p><strong>Abstract</strong>:</p><p>Surface soil moisture plays an important role in the exchange of water and energy between the land surface and the atmosphere, and critical to climate change study. The Tibetan Plateau (TP), known as “The third pole of the world” and “Asia’s water towers”, exerts huge influences on and sensitive to global climates. Long time series of and spatio-temporal continuum soil moisture is helpful to understand the role of TP in this situation. In this study, a dataset of 14-year (2002–2015) Spatio-temporal continuum remotely sensed soil moisture of the TP at 0.25° resolution is obtained, combining MODIS optical products and ESA (European Space Agency) ECV (Essential Climate Variable) combined soil moisture products based on General Regression Neural Network (GRNN). The validation of the dataset shows that the soil moisture is well reconstructed with R<sup>2</sup> larger than 0.65, and RMSE less than 0.08 cm<sup>3</sup> cm<sup>-3</sup> and Bias less than 0.07 cm<sup>3</sup> cm<sup>-3 </sup>at 0.25° and 1° spatial scale, compared with the in-situ measurements in the central of TP. And then, spatial and temporal characteristics and trend of SM over TP were analyzed based on this dataset.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Soil moisture; Remote Sensing; Dataset; GRNN; ECV; Tibetan Plateau</p>

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