scholarly journals RESEARCH ON COORDINATE TRANSFORMATION METHOD OF GB-SAR IMAGE SUPPORTED BY 3D LASER SCANNING TECHNOLOGY

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-3 ◽  
pp. 1757-1763 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Wang ◽  
C. Xing
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Image Plane ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Transformation Method ◽  
Deformation Monitoring ◽  
Sar Image ◽  
3D Laser Scanning

In the image plane of GB-SAR, identification of deformation distribution is usually carried out by artificial interpretation. This method requires analysts to have adequate experience of radar imaging and target recognition, otherwise it can easily cause false recognition of deformation target or region. Therefore, it is very meaningful to connect two-dimensional (2D) plane coordinate system with the common three-dimensional (3D) terrain coordinate system. To improve the global accuracy and reliability of the transformation from 2D coordinates of GB-SAR images to local 3D coordinates, and overcome the limitation of traditional similarity transformation parameter estimation method, 3D laser scanning data is used to assist the transformation of GB-SAR image coordinates. A straight line fitting method for calculating horizontal angle was proposed in this paper. After projection into a consistent imaging plane, we can calculate horizontal rotation angle by using the linear characteristics of the structure in radar image and the 3D coordinate system. Aided by external elevation information by 3D laser scanning technology, we completed the matching of point clouds and pixels on the projection plane according to the geometric projection principle of GB-SAR imaging realizing the transformation calculation of GB-SAR image coordinates to local 3D coordinates. Finally, the effectiveness of the method is verified by the GB-SAR deformation monitoring experiment on the high slope of Geheyan dam.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Unique-Identifier-Based Automated Georeferencing and Coregistration of Point Clouds in Underground Mines

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 3145
Author(s):  
Sarvesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Bikram Pratap Banerjee ◽  
Simit Raval
Keyword(s):  
Convergence Rate ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Deformation Monitoring ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Underground Mines ◽  
Sensor Calibration ◽  
3D Registration ◽  
Rock Falls

Spatially referenced and geometrically accurate laser scans are essential for mapping and monitoring applications in underground mines to ensure safe and smooth operation. However, obtaining an absolute 3D map in an underground mine environment is challenging using laser scanning due to the unavailability of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals. Consequently, applications that require georeferenced point cloud or coregistered multitemporal point clouds such as detecting changes, monitoring deformations, tracking mine logistics, measuring roadway convergence rate and evaluating construction performance become challenging. Current mapping practices largely include a manual selection of discernable reference points in laser scans for georeferencing and coregistration which is often time-consuming, arduous and error-prone. Moreover, challenges in obtaining a sensor positioning framework, the presence of structurally symmetric layouts and highly repetitive features (such as roof bolts) makes the multitemporal scans difficult to georeference and coregister. This study aims at overcoming these practical challenges through development of three-dimensional unique identifiers (3DUIDs) and a 3D registration (3DReG) workflow. Field testing of the developed approach in an underground coal mine has been found effective with an accuracy of 1.76 m in georeferencing and 0.16 m in coregistration for a scan length of 850 m. Additionally, automatic extraction of mine roadway profile has been demonstrated using 3DUID which is often a compliant and operational requirement for mitigating roadway related hazards that includes roadway convergence rate, roof/rock falls, floor heaves and vehicle clearance for collision avoidance. Potential applications of 3DUID include roadway profile extraction, guided automation, sensor calibration, reference targets for a routine survey and deformation monitoring.

scholarly journals Research and Application of 3D Laser Scanning in Transparent Longwall

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
LI Sen ◽  
RONG Yao ◽  
CAO Qiong
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
3D Laser Scanning ◽  
Adaptive Automation ◽  
Digital Format ◽  
Space Coordinate ◽  
Self Adaptive

Abstract With the rapid development of science and technology, the development of coal mining in China is stepping into intelligent mining stage from the mechanized automatic mining stage. And the research of intelligent mining is also upgrading to the self-adaptive automation mining from visual remote intervention. In 2019, the first practice of self-adaptive digital mining technology, which is based on transparent longwall theory, was performed in #43101 longwall of Yujialiang coal mine and made notable gains. The 3D laser scanning technology, which played an important role in technology architecture of Yujialiang coal mine’s transparent longwall practice, transformed the mined longwall space information into digital format and then provided reliable basic data for cutting template calculation. This paper introduces application of 3D laser scanning in Yujialiang coal mine in detail, including principle of 3D laser scanning, detection of intersecting curve between longwall’s coal wall and roof, neighbor point-clouds splicing, transformation for longwall pointcloud from local space coordinate system to 3D geological model’s global space coordinate system. The experiment result in #43101 longwall of Yujialiang coal mine demonstrated that 3D laser scanning technology, which is able to quickly and precisely capture mined longwall space information, is a important sensing technology involved by self-adaptive automation mining.

scholarly journals Roadway Stability Evaluation on the Basis of Modern Monitoring of Displacement

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Majcherczyk ◽  
Zbigniew Niedbalski ◽  
Artur Ulaszek
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Measurement Technology ◽  
Stability Evaluation ◽  
3D Laser Scanning ◽  
Roadway Stability ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
Cloud Of Points

Abstract The paper presents the application of a 3D laser measurement technology in a modern monitoring of roadways. The authors analyze the possibility of using a three-dimensional scanning measurement of longwall working dimensions. The measurement results are presented in the form of a cloud of points obtained from a 3D laser scanning. The paper also presents a comparison of the results obtained from the convergence of traditionally-made measurements with the measurements derived from the threedimensional scanning and discusses possible methods of comparing different point clouds.

scholarly journals ACCURACY ASSESSMENT OF POINT CLOUDS GEO-REFERENCING IN SURVEYING AND DOCUMENTATION OF HISTORICAL COMPLEXES

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-5/W1 ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fryskowska
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Accuracy Assessment ◽  
Local Coordinate System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Digital Culture ◽  
Global Coordinate System ◽  
Registration Accuracy ◽  
Factors Affecting

Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) technique is widely used for documentation and preservation of historical sites by for example creating three-dimensional (3-D) digital models or vectorial sketches. In consequence, a complex, complete, detail and accurate documentation of historical structure is created. It is very crucial when it comes about modern digital culture. <br><br> If we acquire TLS data of once particular structure usually we do it in local coordinate system of scanner. Nevertheless when measurements are conducted for complex of several historical buildings or monuments (i.e. castle ruins, building of narrow streets of the Old Towns), the registration of point clouds into a common, global coordinate system is one of the critical steps in TLS data processing. Then we have integrate data with different accuracy level. Inner accuracy of local coordinate system (scanner system) is usually thrice higher than for global coordinate systems measurement. <br><br> The paper describes the geometric quality of the direct georeferencing in post-processing, considering surveying points. Then, an analysis of factors affecting registration accuracy is proposed. Finally, an improvement of direct georeferencing technique is presented and examined. Furthermore, registered data and chosen orientation methods have been compared to each other.

Measurement of erosion state and refractory lining thickness of blast furnace hearth by using three-dimensional laser scanning method

2020 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Jianliang Zhang ◽  
Kexin Jiao ◽  
Guoli Jia ◽  
Jian Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Refractory Lining ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Laser Scanning ◽  
Scanning Method ◽  
Blast Furnace Production ◽  
Severe Erosion ◽  
Residual Thickness ◽  
Minimum Depth

The three-dimensional (3D) model of erosion state of blast furnace (BF) hearth was obtained by using 3D laser scanning method. The thickness of refractory lining can be measured anywhere and the erosion curves were extracted both in the circumferential and height directions to analyze the erosion characteristics. The results show that the most eroded positions located below 20# tuyere with an elevation of 7700 mm and below 24#–25# tuyere with an elevation of 8100 mm, the residual thickness here is only 295 mm. In the circumferential directions, the serious eroded areas located between every two tapholes while the taphole areas were protected well by the bonding material. In the height directions, the severe erosion areas located between the elevation of 7600 mm to 8200 mm. According to the calculation, the minimum depth to ensure the deadman floats in the hearth is 2581 mm, corresponding to the elevation of 7619 mm. It can be considered that during the blast furnace production process, the deadman has been sinking to the bottom of BF hearth and the erosion areas gradually formed at the root of deadman.

scholarly journals 3D laser scanning and digital restoration of an archaeological find

2018 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 03013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stergios Fragkos ◽  
Emanuel Tzimtzimis ◽  
Dimitrios Tzetzis ◽  
Oana Dodun ◽  
Panagiotis Kyratsis
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Laser Scanning ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
3D Cad ◽  
Digital Restoration ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Ancient Ceramic ◽  
Digital Archaeology

The current paper demonstrates the digital recreation and 3D printing of a missing fragment of an ancient ceramic pottery following digitization using a three dimensional laser scanning. The resulting pointcloud of the laser scans was treated with a series of advanced software for the creation of surfaces and ultimately for a digital model. An analytical methodology is presented revealing the step by step approach, which is an innovative way of recreating a missing fragment. Such approach aims to demonstrate the level of contribution that the ever evolving computer based technologies and 3D printing could bring to cultural heritage. The reverse engineering method presented for the reconstruction of a ceramic pottery, which is a part of the larger field of digital archaeology, is believed to benefit a variety of interested parties including 3D CAD users and designers, archaeologists and museum curators.

scholarly journals USING MOBILE LASER SCANNING DATA FOR FEATURES EXTRACTION OF HIGH ACCURACY DRIVING MAPS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B3 ◽  
pp. 433-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bisheng Yang ◽  
Yuan Liu ◽  
Fuxun Liang ◽  
Zhen Dong
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
3D Point Clouds ◽  
Assistant Systems ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
High Flexibility

High Accuracy Driving Maps (HADMs) are the core component of Intelligent Drive Assistant Systems (IDAS), which can effectively reduce the traffic accidents due to human error and provide more comfortable driving experiences. Vehicle-based mobile laser scanning (MLS) systems provide an efficient solution to rapidly capture three-dimensional (3D) point clouds of road environments with high flexibility and precision. This paper proposes a novel method to extract road features (e.g., road surfaces, road boundaries, road markings, buildings, guardrails, street lamps, traffic signs, roadside-trees, power lines, vehicles and so on) for HADMs in highway environment. Quantitative evaluations show that the proposed algorithm attains an average precision and recall in terms of 90.6% and 91.2% in extracting road features. Results demonstrate the efficiencies and feasibilities of the proposed method for extraction of road features for HADMs.

scholarly journals VISUALIZATION OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF ANCIENT ROMAN BUILDINGS IN OSTIA USING POINT CLOUD DATA

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W3 ◽  
pp. 345-352
Author(s):  
Y. Hori ◽  
T. Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Feature Matching ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Point Cloud Data ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Coverage Accuracy ◽  
New Research

The implementation of laser scanning in the field of archaeology provides us with an entirely new dimension in research and surveying. It allows us to digitally recreate individual objects, or entire cities, using millions of three-dimensional points grouped together in what is referred to as "point clouds". In addition, the visualization of the point cloud data, which can be used in the final report by archaeologists and architects, should usually be produced as a JPG or TIFF file. Not only the visualization of point cloud data, but also re-examination of older data and new survey of the construction of Roman building applying remote-sensing technology for precise and detailed measurements afford new information that may lead to revising drawings of ancient buildings which had been adduced as evidence without any consideration of a degree of accuracy, and finally can provide new research of ancient buildings. We used laser scanners at fields because of its speed, comprehensive coverage, accuracy and flexibility of data manipulation. Therefore, we “skipped” many of post-processing and focused on the images created from the meta-data simply aligned using a tool which extended automatic feature-matching algorithm and a popular renderer that can provide graphic results.

scholarly journals Weighing trees with lasers: advances, challenges and opportunities

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 20170048 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Disney ◽  
M. Boni Vicari ◽  
A. Burt ◽  
K. Calders ◽  
S. L. Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Tree Form ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
And Function ◽  
Non Destructive

Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) is providing exciting new ways to quantify tree and forest structure, particularly above-ground biomass (AGB). We show how TLS can address some of the key uncertainties and limitations of current approaches to estimating AGB based on empirical allometric scaling equations (ASEs) that underpin all large-scale estimates of AGB. TLS provides extremely detailed non-destructive measurements of tree form independent of tree size and shape. We show examples of three-dimensional (3D) TLS measurements from various tropical and temperate forests and describe how the resulting TLS point clouds can be used to produce quantitative 3D models of branch and trunk size, shape and distribution. These models can drastically improve estimates of AGB, provide new, improved large-scale ASEs, and deliver insights into a range of fundamental tree properties related to structure. Large quantities of detailed measurements of individual 3D tree structure also have the potential to open new and exciting avenues of research in areas where difficulties of measurement have until now prevented statistical approaches to detecting and understanding underlying patterns of scaling, form and function. We discuss these opportunities and some of the challenges that remain to be overcome to enable wider adoption of TLS methods.

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