scholarly journals 3D laser scanning and digital restoration of an archaeological find

2018 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 03013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stergios Fragkos ◽  
Emanuel Tzimtzimis ◽  
Dimitrios Tzetzis ◽  
Oana Dodun ◽  
Panagiotis Kyratsis
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Laser Scanning ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
3D Cad ◽  
Digital Restoration ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Ancient Ceramic ◽  
Digital Archaeology

The current paper demonstrates the digital recreation and 3D printing of a missing fragment of an ancient ceramic pottery following digitization using a three dimensional laser scanning. The resulting pointcloud of the laser scans was treated with a series of advanced software for the creation of surfaces and ultimately for a digital model. An analytical methodology is presented revealing the step by step approach, which is an innovative way of recreating a missing fragment. Such approach aims to demonstrate the level of contribution that the ever evolving computer based technologies and 3D printing could bring to cultural heritage. The reverse engineering method presented for the reconstruction of a ceramic pottery, which is a part of the larger field of digital archaeology, is believed to benefit a variety of interested parties including 3D CAD users and designers, archaeologists and museum curators.

scholarly journals Surveying and Digital Restoration of Towering Architectural Heritage in Harsh Environments: a Case Study of the Millennium Ancient Watchtower in Tibet

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siliang Chen ◽  
Haozhong Yang ◽  
Shusheng Wang ◽  
Qingwu Hu
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Harsh Environments ◽  
3D Laser Scanning ◽  
Repair Work ◽  
The Status ◽  
Digital Restoration ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Restoration Model

Aiming at the problem of difficult data collection and modeling in high-rise ancient buildings with narrow interiors, a method is proposed in this paper for modeling and supporting digital restoration based on unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photogrammetry combined with three-dimensional (3D) laser scanning technology. The ancient watchtower complex in the Tibetan region of China is taken as an example. Firstly, the data is collected using an unmanned aerial vehicle and 3D laser scanner. Secondly, the two types of data are merged to generate a three-dimensional status model. Finally, by analyzing the status model and combining the similar remaining conditions, a virtual restoration scheme is proposed, and a 3D restoration model is established. The results show that virtual restoration based on 3D measurement technology can be used as a new method for the research and protection of towering ancient buildings, asrecorded by adopting targeted technology for digital documentation. It is necessary and effective to adopt a method combining unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photogrammetry and the ground 3D laser scanning technology in harsh environments. The digital model can promote the sustainable utilization of cultural heritage. It is necessary to analyze and make full use of the status model of such ancient buildings based on accurately measured data for the virtual restoration of the damaged ancient buildings. The status model of the ancient buildings can be used for display browsing and disaster recording. The restoration model can be dismantled and used to guide the repair work.

Measurement of erosion state and refractory lining thickness of blast furnace hearth by using three-dimensional laser scanning method

2020 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Jianliang Zhang ◽  
Kexin Jiao ◽  
Guoli Jia ◽  
Jian Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Refractory Lining ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Laser Scanning ◽  
Scanning Method ◽  
Blast Furnace Production ◽  
Severe Erosion ◽  
Residual Thickness ◽  
Minimum Depth

The three-dimensional (3D) model of erosion state of blast furnace (BF) hearth was obtained by using 3D laser scanning method. The thickness of refractory lining can be measured anywhere and the erosion curves were extracted both in the circumferential and height directions to analyze the erosion characteristics. The results show that the most eroded positions located below 20# tuyere with an elevation of 7700 mm and below 24#–25# tuyere with an elevation of 8100 mm, the residual thickness here is only 295 mm. In the circumferential directions, the serious eroded areas located between every two tapholes while the taphole areas were protected well by the bonding material. In the height directions, the severe erosion areas located between the elevation of 7600 mm to 8200 mm. According to the calculation, the minimum depth to ensure the deadman floats in the hearth is 2581 mm, corresponding to the elevation of 7619 mm. It can be considered that during the blast furnace production process, the deadman has been sinking to the bottom of BF hearth and the erosion areas gradually formed at the root of deadman.

scholarly journals An Application of Integrated 3D Technologies for Replicas in Cultural Heritage

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balletti ◽  
Ballarin
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Survey Analysis ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Data Acquisition And Processing ◽  
Short Time

In recent decades, 3D acquisition by laser scanning or digital photogrammetry has become one of the standard methods of documenting cultural heritage, because it permits one to analyze the shape, geometry, and location of any artefact without necessarily coming into contact with it. The recording of three-dimensional metrical data of an asset allows one to preserve and monitor, but also to understand and explain the history and cultural heritage shared. In essence, it constitutes a digital archive of the state of an artefact, which can be used for various purposes, be remodeled, or kept safely stored. With the introduction of 3D printing, digital data can once again take on material form and become physical objects from the corresponding mathematical models in a relatively short time and often at low cost. This possibility has led to a different consideration of the concept of virtual data, no longer necessarily linked to simple visual fruition. The importance of creating high-resolution physical copies has been reassessed in light of different types of events that increasingly threaten the protection of cultural heritage. The aim of this research is to analyze the critical issues in the production process of the replicas, focusing on potential problems in data acquisition and processing and on the accuracy of the resulting 3D printing. The metric precision of the printed model with 3D technology are fundamental for everything concerning geomatics and must be related to the same characteristics of the digital model obtained through the survey analysis.

Design and Fabrication of Customised Scaffold for Femur Bone Using 3D Printing

2013 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
pp. 920-924
Author(s):  
V. Iraimudi ◽  
S. Rashia Begum ◽  
G. Arumaikkannu ◽  
R. Narayanan
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Bone Scaffold ◽  
Software Patterns ◽  
3D Cad ◽  
Bone Scaffolds ◽  
Femur Bone ◽  
Scan Data

Additive Manufacturing is a promising field for making three dimensional scaffolds in which parts are fabricated directly from the 3D CAD model. This paper presents, the patients CT scan data of femur bone in DICOM format is exported into MIMICS software to stack 2D scan data into 3D model. Four layers of femur bone were selected for creation of customised femur bone scaffold. Unit cell designs such as double bend curve, S bend curve, U bend curve and steps were designed using SOLIDWORKS software. Basic primitives namely square, hexagon and octagon primitives of pore size 0.6mm, 0.7 mm and 0.8 mm diameter and inter distance 0.7mm, 0.8mm and 0.9 mm are used to design the scaffold structures. In 3matic software, patterns were developed by using the above four unit cells. Then, the four layers of bone and patterns were imported into 3matic to create customised bone scaffolds. The porosities of customised femur bone scaffold were determined using the MIMICS software. It was found that the customised femur bone scaffolds for the unit cell design of U bend curve with square primitives of pore size 0.8mm diameter and inter distance 0.7mm gives higher porosity of 56.58 % compared to other scaffolds. The models were then fabricated using 3D printing technique.

scholarly journals RESEARCH ON COORDINATE TRANSFORMATION METHOD OF GB-SAR IMAGE SUPPORTED BY 3D LASER SCANNING TECHNOLOGY

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-3 ◽  
pp. 1757-1763 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Wang ◽  
C. Xing
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Image Plane ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Transformation Method ◽  
Deformation Monitoring ◽  
Sar Image ◽  
3D Laser Scanning

In the image plane of GB-SAR, identification of deformation distribution is usually carried out by artificial interpretation. This method requires analysts to have adequate experience of radar imaging and target recognition, otherwise it can easily cause false recognition of deformation target or region. Therefore, it is very meaningful to connect two-dimensional (2D) plane coordinate system with the common three-dimensional (3D) terrain coordinate system. To improve the global accuracy and reliability of the transformation from 2D coordinates of GB-SAR images to local 3D coordinates, and overcome the limitation of traditional similarity transformation parameter estimation method, 3D laser scanning data is used to assist the transformation of GB-SAR image coordinates. A straight line fitting method for calculating horizontal angle was proposed in this paper. After projection into a consistent imaging plane, we can calculate horizontal rotation angle by using the linear characteristics of the structure in radar image and the 3D coordinate system. Aided by external elevation information by 3D laser scanning technology, we completed the matching of point clouds and pixels on the projection plane according to the geometric projection principle of GB-SAR imaging realizing the transformation calculation of GB-SAR image coordinates to local 3D coordinates. Finally, the effectiveness of the method is verified by the GB-SAR deformation monitoring experiment on the high slope of Geheyan dam.

scholarly journals EQUAL PROPORTION REPRODUCTION METHOD OF GROTTO BASED ON POINT CLOUD

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W15 ◽  
pp. 1215-1219
Author(s):  
P. Wei ◽  
A. Li ◽  
M. Hou ◽  
L. Zhu ◽  
D. Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Equal Proportion ◽  
3D Laser Scanning ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
3D Printing Technology

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The rapid development of 3D laser scanning and 3D printing technology provides new technologies and ideas for cultural relic protection and reproduction. Aiming at the requirement of equal proportional reproduction of large-scale grottoes, this paper takes the point cloud data of the 18th Cave of Yungang Grottoes obtained by 3D laser scanning as an example, and proposes a data processing and reproduction block partitioning method for equal proportion reproduction. The Cyclone, Geomagic and AutoCAD software were used to construct the 3D model of the grotto, and the 3D printing technology was used to realize the secondary design and model print. Among them, the research focuses on the modeling of massive point clouds and the method of model partitioning based on voxels. It can meet the requirements of movable and assembly while realizing the equal proportional reproduction of the whole grotto. The research results and application can be a good reference for the future grotto reproduction work.</p>

scholarly journals Research of three dimensional laser scanning coordinate measuring machine

2018 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
pp. 02015
Author(s):  
Zhihua Jiang ◽  
Wenjian Zhang ◽  
Lizhen Cui
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Coordinate Measuring Machine ◽  
Coordinate Measuring Machines ◽  
Measuring Instrument ◽  
Calibration System ◽  
Measuring Range ◽  
Measuring Machine

Three dimensional laser scanning coordinate measuring machine is suitable for the measurement of 3D printing products, and its measuring range depends on the three coordinate measuring machine. It is the main 3D printing product measuring instrument [1]. In this paper, the principle of laser scanning three coordinate measuring machine is analyzed. The accuracy and reliability of the calibration system for 3D printing products are verified. According to the newly revised JJF 1064 Calibration specification for coordinate measuring machines [3], it is calibrated.

Methods of 3D-Modelling With Parametric CAD-Systems of the Newest Generation

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl-H. Grote ◽  
Soeren Schumann
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Cad Systems ◽  
3D Cad ◽  
Engineering Design Process ◽  
Product Models ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
The Many

Abstract The authors are searching for new ways of using CAD-systems in the engineering design process. This contents among others the creation as well as the refreshing and continued handling of computer-based, three-dimensional product models to be built as prototypes on the department’s Rapid Prototyping machine [1, 2, 3]. In spite of the many advantages of the C-technologies, on several areas a deficit in its dissemination and effective usage still is noticed. The following paper will give an overview on how the parametrical, feature based 3D-CAD-modeler may support the engineering design process. It is described, which functionality the parametric functions of these modelers are offering to the user and how the work with parametrical CAD-systems is structured. Advises are given for a more competitive implementation and time saving work with these systems.

Replica Fabrication of a Greek Paleontological Find Utilising Laser Scanning and Fused Deposition Modeling

2014 ◽  
Vol 657 ◽  
pp. 795-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasios Chatzikonstantinou ◽  
Dimitrios Tzetzis ◽  
Panagiotis Kyratsis ◽  
Nikolaos Bilalis
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Deposition Modeling

The current work demonstrates a feasibility study on the generation of a copy, having a highly complex geometry, of a Greek paleontological find utilising reverse engineering and low-cost rapid prototyping techniques. A part of the jaw bone of a cave bear (Ursus spelaeus) that lived during the Pleistocene and became extinct about 10,000 years ago was digitized using a three-dimensional laser scanner. The resulting point-cloud of the scans was treated with a series of advanced software for the creation of surfaces and ultimately for a digital model. The generated model was three-dimensionally built by the aid of a Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) apparatus. An analytical methodology is presented revealing the step by step approach from the scanning to the prototyping. It is believed that a variety of interested parties could benefit from such an analytical approach, including, production engineers, three-dimensional CAD users and designers, paleontologists and museum curators.

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