scholarly journals Multi-hazard risks in New York City

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 3363-3381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaella Depietri ◽  
Khila Dahal ◽  
Timon McPhearson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
York City ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Hazard Risk ◽  
Coastal Megacity ◽  
Hazard Risk Assessment

Abstract. Megacities are predominantly concentrated along coastlines, making them exposed to a diverse mix of natural hazards. The assessment of climatic hazard risk to cities rarely has captured the multiple interactions that occur in complex urban systems. We present an improved method for urban multi-hazard risk assessment. We then analyze the risk of New York City as a case study to apply enhanced methods for multi-hazard risk assessment given the history of exposure to multiple types of natural hazards which overlap spatially and, in some cases, temporally in this coastal megacity. Our aim is to identify hotspots of multi-hazard risk to support the prioritization of adaptation strategies that can address multiple sources of risk to urban residents. We used socioeconomic indicators to assess vulnerabilities and risks to three climate-related hazards (i.e., heat waves, inland flooding and coastal flooding) at high spatial resolution. The analysis incorporates local experts' opinions to identify sources of multi-hazard risk and to weight indicators used in the multi-hazard risk assessment. Results demonstrate the application of multi-hazard risk assessment to a coastal megacity and show that spatial hotspots of multi-hazard risk affect similar local residential communities along the coastlines. Analyses suggest that New York City should prioritize adaptation in coastal zones and consider possible synergies and/or trade-offs to maximize impacts of adaptation and resilience interventions in the spatially overlapping areas at risk of impacts from multiple hazards.

scholarly journals Multi-hazards risks in New York City

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaella Depietri ◽  
Khila Dahal ◽  
Timon McPhearson
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Multiple Hazards ◽  
Hazard Risk ◽  
Climatic Hazards ◽  
The City ◽  
Inland Flooding

Abstract. Megacities are predominantly concentrated along the coast and are greatly exposed to natural hazards. Generally, the assessment of risk to climatic hazards does not yet fully capture the multiple interactions that occur in these complex urban systems. We analyze the risk of New York City as an example of a coastal megacity exposed to multiple hazards which overlap spatially and, in some cases, temporally. The aim is to identify hotspots of multi-hazard risk to support the prioritization of adaptation strategies. We used socio-economic indicators to assess vulnerabilities and risks to three climate related hazards (heat stress, inland flooding and coastal flooding) at high spatial resolution. The analysis incorporates local experts' opinions to identify sources of multi-hazard risk and to weight indicators used in the risk assessment. Results show spatial hotspots of multi-hazard risk principally located in coastal areas. We conclude that New York City is exposed to multiple hazards that interact spatially and temporally and that the city should prioritize adaptation in its coastal areas while considering possible synergies or tradeoffs adapting to spatially overlapping hazards.

scholarly journals Multi-Hazard Risk Assessment of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5369
Author(s):  
Rajesh Khatakho ◽  
Dipendra Gautam ◽  
Komal Raj Aryal ◽  
Vishnu Prasad Pandey ◽  
Rajesh Rupakhety ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Central Valley ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Fire Hazards ◽  
Hazard Risk ◽  
Urban Fire ◽  
Hazard Risk Assessment

Natural hazards are complex phenomena that can occur independently, simultaneously, or in a series as cascading events. For any particular region, numerous single hazard maps may not necessarily provide all information regarding impending hazards to the stakeholders for preparedness and planning. A multi-hazard map furnishes composite illustration of the natural hazards of varying magnitude, frequency, and spatial distribution. Thus, multi-hazard risk assessment is performed to depict the holistic natural hazards scenario of any particular region. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, multi-hazard risk assessments are rarely conducted in Nepal although multiple natural hazards strike the country almost every year. In this study, floods, landslides, earthquakes, and urban fire hazards are used to assess multi-hazard risk in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), which is then integrated with the Geographical Information System (GIS). First, flood, landslide, earthquake, and urban fire hazard assessments are performed individually and then superimposed to obtain multi-hazard risk. Multi-hazard risk assessment of Kathmandu Valley is performed by pair-wise comparison of the four natural hazards. The sum of observations concludes that densely populated areas, old settlements, and the central valley have high to very high level of multi-hazard risk.

scholarly journals New York City Impacts on a Regional Heat Wave

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 837-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis E. Ortiz ◽  
Jorge E. Gonzalez ◽  
Wei Wu ◽  
Martin Schoonen ◽  
Jeffrey Tongue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Heat Wave ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
York City ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Wrf Model ◽  
Positive Interactions ◽  
Synoptic Conditions ◽  
Energy And Momentum

ABSTRACTHeat waves are projected to increase in magnitude and frequency throughout this century because of increasing global temperatures, making it critically important to acquire improved understanding of their genesis and interactions with large cities. This study presents an application of the method of factor separation to assess combined impacts of a synoptic-scale heat wave, urban land cover, and urban energy and momentum fluxes on temperatures and winds over New York City, New York, via use of high-resolution simulations (1-km grid spacing) with an urbanized version of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. Results showed that factors behaved different throughout the day, with synoptic conditions dominating afternoon temperature contributions (>7°C). At night, combined urban surface factors contributed over 5°C during the heat wave and up to 1.5°C on non-heat-wave days. Positive interactions among all factors during morning and nighttime indicate an amplification of the urban heat island of up to 4°C during the heat wave. Midtown Manhattan vertical cross sections, where urban canopies are most dense, showed a change in the sign (from positive to negative) of the contribution of the urban fluxes between night and day below 500 m, possibly as a result of decreased radiative cooling from trapping by buildings and increased thermal storage by buildings as well as frictional effects that oppose the incoming warm air.

scholarly journals Step On It! Workplace Cardiovascular Risk Assessment of New York City Yellow Taxi Drivers

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Gany ◽  
Sehrish Bari ◽  
Pavan Gill ◽  
Julia Ramirez ◽  
Claudia Ayash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
York City ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Assessment ◽  
Taxi Drivers ◽  
It Workplace

scholarly journals Hazard interaction analysis for multi-hazard risk assessment: a systematic classification based on hazard-forming environment

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 629-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoyin Liu ◽  
Yim Ling Siu ◽  
Gordon Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Trigger Factors ◽  
Systematic Classification ◽  
Hazard Risk ◽  
Hazard Risk Assessment

Abstract. This paper develops a systematic hazard interaction classification based on the geophysical environment that natural hazards arise from – the hazard-forming environment. According to their contribution to natural hazards, geophysical environmental factors in the hazard-forming environment were categorized into two types. The first are relatively stable factors which construct the precondition for the occurrence of natural hazards, whilst the second are trigger factors, which determine the frequency and magnitude of hazards. Different combinations of geophysical environmental factors induce different hazards. Based on these geophysical environmental factors for some major hazards, the stable factors are used to identify which kinds of natural hazards influence a given area, and trigger factors are used to classify the relationships between these hazards into four types: independent, mutex, parallel and series relationships. This classification helps to ensure all possible hazard interactions among different hazards are considered in multi-hazard risk assessment. This can effectively fill the gap in current multi-hazard risk assessment methods which to date only consider domino effects. In addition, based on this classification, the probability and magnitude of multiple interacting natural hazards occurring together can be calculated. Hence, the developed hazard interaction classification provides a useful tool to facilitate improved multi-hazard risk assessment.

scholarly journals A Cancer Risk Assessment of Inner-City Teenagers Living in New York City and Los Angeles

2006 ◽  
Vol 114 (10) ◽  
pp. 1558-1566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja N. Sax ◽  
Deborah H. Bennett ◽  
Steven N. Chillrud ◽  
James Ross ◽  
Patrick L. Kinney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Inner City ◽  
York City ◽  
Cancer Risk Assessment
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