scholarly journals An Analysis of Swell and Bimodality Around the South and South-west Coastline of England

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Thompson ◽  
Harshinie Karunarathna ◽  
Dominic E. Reeve
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
The South ◽  
Large Dataset ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
South West ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
Wave Conditions ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Sea Wall ◽  
Incident Wave Energy

Abstract. This paper presents an analysis of wave recordings with particular attention to assessing bimodality of the incident wave energy spectra and the occurrence of swell along the south and south-west coasts of the United Kingdom, (UK). A procedure is developed to perform an intensive analysis of a new and large dataset of measured wave spectra. A storm during February 2014 is analysed in detail, highlighting the observed wave conditions leading up to and during the collapse of the sea wall at Dawlish, UK. The analysis reveals the prevalence of trapped-fetch conditions and long-period swell during the February 2014 storm. Bimodality and the presence of swell are compared at three locations along the south coast of the UK. Results highlight the increase in bimodality during the 2013/2014 storm period, especially at Dawlish. The analysis also provides evidence of bimodality and swell waves occurring far along the English Channel. Observed wave conditions at Dawlish are compared to the parametric limits of empirical formulae to estimate wave overtopping. There were numerous instances of peak wave periods or wave heights outside the limits of the formulae, showing that existing design formulae do not yet adequately account for the range of conditions experienced in coastal waters.

Distance Learning, Telematics and Rural Social Exclusion

2005 ◽  
pp. 205-209
Author(s):  
Matthew David
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
The South ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
South West ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Part Time Work ◽  
South West Region

ADAPTthroughRATIO (AtR) was established to address social exclusion in the South West of the United Kingdom (Devon, Cornwall and Somerset) which has relatively weak employment opportunities. In this area, average earnings and disposable income are low, and the number of firms going out of business is high (ADAPTthroughRATIO, 1998). The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per head in Cornwall is 71.2% of the UK average (and is the lowest in the UK), while 36% of employees are in part-time employment. Part-time work, geographical dislocation and low wages/job security are major problems throughout the rest of the South West region. The region has been affected by the decline of all its traditional industries (mining, farming, fishing and marine-related industries), as well as the reduction of the defence industries and services.

TBE in United Kingdom

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Clinical Disease ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Probable Case ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
South West ◽  
Louping Ill ◽  
The Uk ◽  
North And South ◽  
South West England

Until 2019, TBE was considered only to be an imported disease to the United Kingdom. In that year, evidence became available that the TBEV is likely circulating in the country1,2 and a first “probable case” of TBE originating in the UK was reported.3 In addition to TBEV, louping ill virus (LIV), a member of the TBEV-serocomplex, is also endemic in parts of the UK. Reports of clinical disease caused by LIV in livestock are mainly from Scotland, parts of North and South West England and Wales.4

scholarly journals Reuse of Waste from the South West of England in Alkali-Activated Cement Concrete

2014 ◽  
Vol 629-630 ◽  
pp. 449-454
Author(s):  
Adamantia Zografou ◽  
Andrew Heath ◽  
Peter Walker
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Building Stone ◽  
The South ◽  
China Clay ◽  
South West ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Risk Construction ◽  
Alkali Activated

The extraction of china clay in the South West of the UK generates waste in a mass ratio of 1:9 for china clay: waste. Currently, part of the coarser waste, “stent” and sand named “china clay sand” (CCS) in this study, is used as building stone or secondary aggregate in concrete and asphalt but the finest waste fraction, called “mica” waste, is used only for the restoration of old quarries. Looking for innovative solutions for the needs of a new Eco-town in the UK, and with regard to uses commercially applicable to construction and of low environmental impact, the china clay waste is being studied as an aggregate in alkali-activated cements (AAC). Aiming to replace primary aggregates with wastes in low risk construction materials, a series of AAC concrete based on a 50% GGBS and 50% fly ash (FA) blend and an equivalent Portland concrete series were produced. In the mixes the primary aggregate was steadily replaced by forms of the waste and tests in compression showed a decreasing trend in strength accordingly. The two series of concrete follow approximately the same ratios of decrease although in absolute values the AAC series reached higher range of strengths on the 28 day compared to the Portland series. While the use of CCS did not have any negative impact, the addition of mica decreased the strength up to 25% more.

Investigation of Wave Conditions in the Paranagua´ Estuarine Complex in the South of Brazil

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhad Nazarpour ◽  
Roberto Mayerle
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Wave Model ◽  
Wave Generation ◽  
The South ◽  
Tidal Variation ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Joint Research Project ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
Wave Conditions ◽  
South Of Brazil

This paper summarises results of investigations aiming at the improvement of the understanding about the wave conditions in the Paranagua´ Estuarine Complex (PEC) in the South of Brazil. The investigations were carried out in the framework of a joint-research project funded by the German Ministry of Education and Research and the Ministry of Science and Technology in Brazil. In this study a phase-averaged wave model was set-up and applied to the study area. The relevance of the main processes affecting wave generation and dissipation were investigated. Focus was given to the wave conditions in the vicinity of the harbour some 25km within the PEC. The fetch was found to have a major effect on wave generation in the study area. Significant wave heights up to about 0.6m resulted near the harbour during storms. The results obtained helped in advancing the development of the coupled process-based models for simulation of flow, waves and sediment transport in the PEC. It was found that although currents have a certain influence on the wave heights, the effect of the tidal variation resulted more significant. Moreover waves were found to affect the current velocities in shallow water areas and should therefore be included for enhancing the predictions of sediment transport rates particularly for more adverse wind conditions.

scholarly journals What makes nature-based interventions for mental health successful?

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 82-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Bloomfield
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
The South ◽  
South West ◽  
The Uk

Nature-based interventions for mental health are beginning to become more common in the UK. The evidence for their usefulness is building. Taking the ‘A Dose of Nature’ project in the south-west as an example, factors for making such interventions a success are described.

scholarly journals Impact of Reduced Rainfall on Above Ground Dry Matter Production of Semi-natural Grassland in South Gloucestershire, UK: A Rainfall Manipulation Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Ayling ◽  
Jill Thompson ◽  
A. Gray ◽  
L. J. McEwen
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Drought Risk ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
The South ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
South West ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Rainfall Reduction

In the United Kingdom, agricultural grasslands cover 40% of the land area, make up 89% of the total agricultural area and are an important land use for ecosystem services and food security. Climate change predictions suggest that the United Kingdom will experience more frequent and severe periods of drought that may impact these grasslands. As part of the Drought Risk and You (DRY) project, a field experiment in which rain shelters reduced precipitation reaching the vegetation by approximately 50%, was set up in the South West of England. The experiment ran for 3 years, from October 2015 to October 2018. The study was carried out at two locations in the catchment of the Bristol River Frome. Both sites were species-rich semi-natural pastures that had received no inputs of fertilizer or herbicide for many years. Automatic weather stations recorded environmental conditions, especially rainfall, within the experimental area. The existing agricultural management regimes were approximated by cutting the vegetation in the plots, by hand, at the appropriate times of year. The effect of rainfall reduction on plant growth was assessed by biomass sampling. At both sites, the rainfall reduction treatment had only small effects on total above ground dry matter production (biomass). These effects were much smaller than the year-to-year variation in total biomass. Our results suggested that well-established permanent pastures in the South West of England were able to tolerate a 3-year period of reduced water supply. The observed year-to-year variation in biomass demonstrated how important the timing of dry weather is for biomass production, and this will be reflected in effects on yield and quality of hay.

Identification of the training, advisory and research requirements of milk producers in the South West of England

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 ◽  
pp. 206-206
Author(s):  
K. Clemens ◽  
J. K. Margerison
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Economic Pressure ◽  
The South ◽  
South West ◽  
Farm Efficiency ◽  
Production Diseases ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Made In

In the UK increasing economic pressure on milk producers has highlighted the need to identify key areas to optimise farm efficiency and profitability. The areas of dairy herd production diseases are a major concern and improvements made in reducing the incidence of disease will improve animal welfare and reduce costs (Kossaibati, M. A. and Esslemont, R. J., 1997)Therefore the aim this research was to identify the training, advisory and research requirements of milk producers in the SW of England.

The ‘South’ as a Moving Target: Europe’s Debt to the Former Colonies

2020 ◽  
pp. 163-185
Author(s):  
Peter Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Formal Concept ◽  
Moving Target ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The South ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
British Commonwealth ◽  
The Uk

Ireland is not normally conceived as being located south of the neighbouring Great Britain, nor of Europe, but this chapter suggests that it could be. Towards that end, the dispute over the withdrawal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland from the European Union is briefly discussed in light of the difficulties of separating political entities in our time of high global interconnectedness. Subsequently, the UK-EU dispute is compared to the separation of Algeria from France and the exit of South Africa from the British Commonwealth, opening the path towards pluralizing the notion of the “South”. Such pluralization allows the investigation of historically formed asymmetric relations between societies beyond the formal concept of colonialism. Against this background, the transformation of the relation between EU countries and their former colonies from the 1970s onwards is analyzed in terms of attempts to re-regulate the relation between Europe and its South after decolonization. These attempts aim at drawing clear lines of separation, but they keep failing because the South reveals itself as a moving target, impossible to confine to a restricted space. Thus, in conclusion, current Northward migration and climate change are discussed in terms of global social and ecological injustice the significance of which Europe cannot deny.

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