scholarly journals Integrating macroseismic intensity distributions with a probabilistic approach: an application in Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2299-2311
Author(s):  
Andrea Antonucci ◽  
Andrea Rovida ◽  
Vera D'Amico ◽  
Dario Albarello
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
Source Characterization ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
Intensity Prediction ◽  
Macroseismic Intensities ◽  
Earthquake Effects ◽  
Available Information

Abstract. The geographic distribution of earthquake effects quantified in terms of macroseismic intensities, the so-called macroseismic field, provides basic information for several applications including source characterization of pre-instrumental earthquakes and risk analysis. Macroseismic fields of past earthquakes as inferred from historical documentation may present spatial gaps, due to the incompleteness of the available information. We present a probabilistic approach aimed at integrating incomplete intensity distributions by considering the Bayesian combination of estimates provided by intensity prediction equations (IPEs) and data documented at nearby localities, accounting for the relevant uncertainties and the discrete and ordinal nature of intensity values. The performance of the proposed methodology is tested at 28 Italian localities with long and rich seismic histories and for two well-known strong earthquakes (i.e., 1980 southern Italy and 2009 central Italy events). A possible application of the approach is also illustrated relative to a 16th-century earthquake in the northern Apennines.

scholarly journals Integrating macroseismic intensity distributions by a probabilistic approach: an application in Italy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Antonucci ◽  
Andrea Rovida ◽  
Vera D'Amico ◽  
Dario Albarello
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
Source Characterization ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
Intensity Prediction ◽  
Macroseismic Intensities ◽  
Earthquake Effects ◽  
Available Information

Abstract. The geographic distribution of earthquake effects quantified in terms of macroseismic intensities, the so-called macroseismic field, provides basic information for several scopes including source characterization of pre-instrumental earthquakes and risk analysis. Macroseismic fields of past earthquakes as inferred from historical documentation may present spatial gaps, due to the incompleteness of the available information. We present a probabilistic approach aimed at integrating incomplete intensity distributions by considering the Bayesian combination of estimates provided by Intensity Prediction Equations (IPEs) and data documented at nearby localities, accounting for the relevant uncertainties and the discrete and ordinal nature of intensity data. The performance of the proposed methodology is tested at 28 Italian localities with long and rich seismic histories, and for two well-known strong earthquakes (i.e., 1980 Southern Italy and 2009 Central Italy events). A possible application of the approach is also illustrated relative to a sixteenth century earthquake in Northern Apennines.

scholarly journals Characterization of Monilinia spp. Populations on Stone Fruit in South Italy

Plant Disease ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (9) ◽  
pp. 1708-1717 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Abate ◽  
C. Pastore ◽  
D. Gerin ◽  
R. M. De Miccolis Angelini ◽  
C. Rotolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Stone Fruit ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Pome Fruit

Monilinia spp. are responsible for brown rot decay of stone and pome fruit in the field as well as in postharvest. Monilinia laxa and M. fructigena are considered indigenous to Europe, while M. fructicola is a quarantine pathogen in the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization area included in the A2 List. In Italy, it was first reported in 2009 in Piedmont (northern Italy) and rapidly spread to central Italy. We carried out a monitoring program on the occurrence of Monilinia spp. in southern Italy and a comparative characterization of the three main fungal pathogens. Molecular assays based on direct polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time quantitative PCR for molecular identification of Monilinia spp. from rotted fruit were set up, validated, and applied in a monitoring program. Of the tested 519 isolates from 26 orchards, 388 (74.8%) were identified as M. fructicola, 118 (22.7%) as M. laxa, 10 (1.9%) as M. fructigena, and 3 (0.6%) were M. polystroma. M. fructicola colonies grew faster and had a higher optimal temperature for growth (26°C) than M. laxa (23°C) and M. fructigena (20°C). No relevant difference in virulence could be observed on artificially inoculated apricot, cherry, and peach fruit. The fungal species showed different responses to fungicides, because M. fructicola was more sensitive than M. laxa, especially to cyflufenamid, and M. fructigena revealed a lower sensitivity to succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (boscalid, fluopyram, and fluxapyroxad) and quinone outside inhibitors (mandestrobin). In summary, the two species M. fructicola and M. polystroma were first detected in southern Italy where M. fructicola has largely displaced the two indigenous pathogens M. laxa and M. fructigena; the relative proportions of the three pathogens in orchards should be considered when defining the management of brown rot of stone fruit due to differences in their responses to fungicides.

Source characterization of disinfection byproduct precursors in two Arkansas water-supply reservoirs

Fact Sheet ◽  
1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Pomes ◽  
W.R. Green ◽  
E.M. Thurman ◽  
W.H. Orem ◽  
H.T. Lerch
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Source Characterization ◽  
Disinfection Byproduct ◽  
Water Supply Reservoirs

scholarly journals TWO NEW ITALIAN CEUTORHYNCHUS (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Enzo Colonnelli
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Southern France

Are described and illustrated two new Italian species of <em>Ceutorhynchus</em>. The first of them, <em>C. apenninus</em> n. sp. from central Italy, collected on the montane crucifer <em>Isatis allionii</em> P. W. Ball., is close to<em> C. peyerimhoffi</em> Hustache from Spain, Italy and Algeria, also living on Isatis. The second,<em> C. magnanoi</em> n. sp. from southern Italy is very close to the French<em> C. matthiolae</em> Hoffmann, and was collected of <em>Matthiola</em> like the species from southern France.

Identification and molecular characterization of a novel 55-kb deletion recurrent in southern Italy: the ItalianGγ(Aγδβ)°-thalassemia

2013 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Lacerra ◽  
Romeo Prezioso ◽  
Gennaro Musollino ◽  
Giulio Piluso ◽  
Lucia Mastrullo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Southern Italy

Characterization of antimicrobial resistant Salmonella enterica serovars Enteritidis and Typhimurium isolates from animal and food in Southern Italy

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Giannina Perugini ◽  
Maria Rosaria Carullo ◽  
Assunta Esposito ◽  
Vincenzo Caligiuri ◽  
Federico Capuano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Southern Italy

Sharing Geophysical Data for Seismic Characterization of the Matera (Southern Italy) Urban Area

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Tragni ◽  
G. Calamita ◽  
L. Lastilla ◽  
V. Belloni ◽  
R. Ravanelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Geophysical Data ◽  
Seismic Characterization

scholarly journals Living mulch strategy for organic cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L.) production in central and southern Italy

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Canali ◽  
Gabriele Campanelli ◽  
Corrado Ciaccia ◽  
Mariangela Diacono ◽  
Fabrizio Leteo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Burr Medic ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sustainable Agricultural Systems

In sustainable agricultural systems, intercropping using living mulches (LM) provides many beneficial ecosystem services. The objective of these two-year field experiments was to study the suitability of different LM options of burr medic (<em>Medicago polymorpha</em> L. var. <em>anglona</em>) for organic cauliflower (<em>Brassica oleracea</em> L.) cultivation in two sites under Mediterranean conditions. In central Italy (Experiment 1) contemporary and delayed (to crop) sowings of LM were compared with a no-cover crop treatment, contrasting two local cauliflower cultivars and a F1 Hybrid. In southern Italy (Experiment 2) the sustainability of systems combining LM (anticipated and contemporary sowing compared with no-cover) and organic fertilisation strategies was assessed. The aboveground biomasses dry weights of cauliflower crop (heads and residues), burr medic and weeds were separately determined. Results suggested that in Experiment 1 the LM was not able to smother weeds establishment and growth, as a consequence of early sowing, while cauliflower yield was reduced. Moreover, the genotypes behaviour was greatly influenced by the LM sowing times. In Experiment 2, irrespective of the agronomic practices applied, climatic conditions notably influenced cauliflower cultivation and also reduced the mean yield. Therefore, the recorded differences between the two experimental sites highlighted the need to tailor the LM strategies to the different environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Temporal evolution of flow-like landslide hazard for a road infrastructure in the municipality of Nocera Inferiore (southern Italy) under the effect of climate change

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 3019-3035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Uzielli ◽  
Guido Rianna ◽  
Fabio Ciervo ◽  
Paola Mercogliano ◽  
Unni K. Eidsvig
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Landslide Hazard ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Atmospheric Concentration ◽  
Campania Region ◽  
Event Occurrence

Abstract. In recent years, flow-like landslides have extensively affected pyroclastic covers in the Campania region in southern Italy, causing human suffering and conspicuous economic damages. Due to the high criticality of the area, a proper assessment of future variations in event occurrences due to expected climate changes is crucial. The study assesses the temporal variation in flow-like landslide hazard for a section of the A3 “Salerno–Napoli” motorway, which runs across the toe of the Monte Albino relief in the Nocera Inferiore municipality. Hazard is estimated spatially depending on (1) the likelihood of rainfall-induced event occurrence within the study area and (2) the probability that the any specific location in the study area will be affected during the runout. The probability of occurrence of an event is calculated through the application of Bayesian theory. Temporal variations due to climate change are estimated up to the year 2100 through an ensemble of high-resolution climate projections, accounting for current uncertainties in the characterization of variations in rainfall patterns. Reach probability, or defining the probability that a given spatial location is affected by flow-like landslides, is calculated spatially based on a distributed empirical model. The outputs of the study predict substantial increases in occurrence probability over time for two different scenarios of future socioeconomic growth and atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases.

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