scholarly journals Tidal variability in the Hong Kong region

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam T. Devlin ◽  
Jiayi Pan ◽  
Hui Lin
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Coastal Development ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
Tidal Variability ◽  
The Taiwan Strait ◽  
Flooding Events ◽  
Tidal Response

Abstract. Mean sea-level (MSL) is rising worldwide, and correlated changes in ocean tides are also occurring; their combination may influence future total sea-levels (TSL), possibly increasing coastal inundation and nuisance flooding events in sensitive regions. Analyses of a set of tide gauges in Hong Kong and in the South China Sea (SCS) reveal complex tidal behavior. Most prominent in the results are strong correlations of MSL variability to tidal variability which may further increase local flood levels under future MSL rise. We also highlight inter-tidal correlations of diurnal (D1) tides to semidiurnal (D2) tides, positively reinforced through the northern SCS, and the correlations of overtide (OT) fluctuations to D1 and D2, negatively reinforced (i.e., anti-correlated) across the same region, thought to be related to the baroclinic energetics in the Luzon Strait and the Taiwan Strait. The baroclinic signals may be enhanced at the northern shelf of the SCS and can generate PSI interactions that may amplify minor tides such as M3. Additionally, there are anomalous tidal events observed in some enclosed harbor regions of Hong Kong, corresponding to times of rapidly changing MSL as well as rapid coastal development projects. Results support the hypothesis that the observed variability is due to multiple spatial processes, best described as an amplification of the local (Hong Kong) tidal response to the prevailing regional (SCS) tidal patterns, enhanced by local harbor changes. A close analysis of the full-spectrum tidal response suggests that a change in the resonant and frictional response may have occurred.

scholarly journals Tidal variability in the Hong Kong region

Ocean Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 853-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam T. Devlin ◽  
Jiayi Pan ◽  
Hui Lin
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Tidal Changes ◽  
Tidal Variability ◽  
Tidal Constituents ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Hong Kong Coastal Waters ◽  
Flooding Events

Abstract. Mean sea level (MSL) is rising worldwide, and correlated changes in ocean tides are also occurring. This combination may influence future extreme sea levels, possibly increasing coastal inundation and nuisance flooding events in sensitive regions. Analyses of a set of tide gauges in Hong Kong reveal complex tidal behavior. Most prominent in the results are strong correlations of MSL variability to tidal variability over the 31-year period of 1986–2016; these tidal anomaly correlations (TACs) express the sensitivity of tidal amplitudes and phases (M2, S2, K1, O1) to MSL fluctuations and are widely observed across the Hong Kong region. At a few important harbor locations, time series of approximations of the parameter δ-HAT, computed from combinations of the major tidal constituents, are found to be highly sensitive to MSL variability, which may further increase local flood levels under future MSL rise. Other open-water locations in Hong Kong only show TACs for some individual tidal constituents but not for combined tidal amplitudes, suggesting that the dynamics in enclosed harbor areas may be partially frequency dependent and related to resonance or frictional changes. We also observe positive correlations of the fluctuations of diurnal (D1) tides to semidiurnal (D2) tides at most locations in the region, which may lead to further amplified tidal ranges under MSL. It is demonstrated here that tidal changes in the Hong Kong coastal waters may be important in combination with MSL rise in impacting future total water levels.

scholarly journals A Global Analysis of Anthropogenic Development of Marine Turtle Nesting Beaches

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1492
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Biddiscombe ◽  
Elliott A. Smith ◽  
Lucy A. Hawkes
Keyword(s):  
Global Analysis ◽  
Earth Satellite ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Coastal Development ◽  
Marine Turtle ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Marine Turtles ◽  
Coastal Squeeze ◽  
Nesting Beaches

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change predicts that sea levels will rise by up to 0.82 m in the next 100 years. In natural systems, coastlines would migrate landwards, but because most of the world’s human population occupies the coast, anthropogenic structures (such as sea walls or buildings) have been constructed to defend the shore and prevent loss of property. This can result in a net reduction in beach area, a phenomenon known as “coastal squeeze”, which will reduce beach availability for species such as marine turtles. As of yet, no global assessment of potential future coastal squeeze risk at marine turtle nesting beaches has been conducted. We used Google Earth satellite imagery to enumerate the proportion of beaches over the global nesting range of marine turtles that are backed by hard anthropogenic coastal development (HACD). Mediterranean and North American nesting beaches had the most HACD, while the Australian and African beaches had the least. Loggerhead and Kemp’s ridley turtle nesting beaches had the most HACD, and flatback and green turtles the least. Future management approaches should prioritise the conservation of beaches with low HACD to mitigate future coastal squeeze.

Protecting small cetaceans from coastal development: Impact assessment and mitigation experience in Hong Kong

Marine Policy ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Jefferson ◽  
Samuel K. Hung ◽  
Bernd Würsig
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Coastal Development

The National Ocean Service: Positioning America for the Future

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly A. Bamford ◽  
Carol Kavanagh
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone Management ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Coastal Development ◽  
Coastal Hazards ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
National Network ◽  
Zone Management ◽  
Data Products ◽  
Chemical Spills

AbstractThe National Ocean Service (NOS), a line office of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), is the nation's ocean and coastal agency. Our activities span a broad range that includes charting our nation's coastline; defining the National Spatial Reference System; providing the national network of coastal tide and water level sensors; serving as the lead federal agency of the U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System; administering the Coastal Zone Management Program; providing the scientific foundation and socioeconomic information to local, state, and regional decision makers to adapt to the impacts of coastal hazards and climate change; serving as the authoritative resource for science related to debris, oil, and chemical spills; managing marine sanctuaries; and supporting the management of estuarine research reserves, coral reefs, and marine protected areas. Today, our coasts and coastal communities face increasingly significant impacts of higher intensity coastal storms; changing sea levels and Great Lakes levels; increased coastal development; increased demand on natural resources and infrastructure; and increased demands on our marine transportation system. In response to these issues, NOS aligns its activities along three priorities: (1) supporting coastal resilience; (2) advancing coastal intelligence; and (3) promoting place-based conservation. NOS relies on coastal observations and data products to carry out our mission. Characteristics of future coastal observations include lower cost coupled with greater efficiency, diverse platforms, multiuse data collection, and crowdsourcing. Data products will need to be increasingly geographically tailored; result from a greater degree of coordination and integration; and result in greater data access.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Community-Based Prevalence Study on Nocturia in Hong Kong Male Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Wai-Man Yuen ◽  
Ivy Yuen-Ping Wong ◽  
Peter Ka-Fung Chiu ◽  
Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh ◽  
Chi-Kwok Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Younger Men ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Older Populations

Background: Most prevalence surveys on nocturia have focused on older populations. This study aimed to measure the nocturia prevalence across the full spectrum of male adults living in Hong Kong, where severity and associated quality-of-life (QoL) were also explored. Methods: A cross-sectional population-based survey was conducted in men aged 18 or above using the ICIQ-NQoL Questionnaire. Results: With 1,239 respondents at age ranged 18-99, the overall nocturia prevalence were found to be 63.0% (ranged 41.6-84.6% at different age groups) and 31.2% (ranged 13.0-56.3% at different age groups), for ≥1 and ≥2 bedtime voiding episodes, respectively. The chance of nocturia was dramatically increased at age 60 or above while both prevalence and voiding frequency were increased with advancing age. About 83% of the nocturia men experienced 1-2 voiding episodes per night, but many of them had self-rated their QoL poor or very poor and indicated moderate-to-high bothersome. Younger men at age 18-39 were found to have high prevalence as 41.6% and almost 30% of them rated poor or very poor QoL. Conclusions: Nocturia was not only affecting the older populations but also caused significant bothersome and negative impacts on QoL in younger males.

scholarly journals Timescales of emergence of chronic flooding in the major economic center of Guadeloupe

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 703-722
Author(s):  
Gonéri Le Cozannet ◽  
Déborah Idier ◽  
Marcello de Michele ◽  
Yoann Legendre ◽  
Manuel Moisan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Tide Gauge ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Tide Gauge Records ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Vertical Ground Motions ◽  
Vertical Ground ◽  
Flooding Events

Abstract. Sea-level rise due to anthropogenic climate change is projected not only to exacerbate extreme events such as cyclones and storms but also to cause more frequent chronic flooding occurring at high tides under calm weather conditions. Chronic flooding occasionally takes place today in the low-lying areas of the Petit Cul-de-sac marin (Guadeloupe, West Indies, French Antilles). This area includes critical industrial and harbor and major economic infrastructures for the islands. As sea level rises, concerns are growing regarding the possibility of repeated chronic flooding events, which would alter the operations at these critical coastal infrastructures without appropriate adaptation. Here, we use information on past and future sea levels, vertical ground motion, and tides to assess times of emergence of chronic flooding in the Petit Cul-de-sac marin. For RCP8.5 (Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5; i.e., continued growth of greenhouse gas emissions), the number of flood days is projected to increase rapidly after the emergence of the process so that coastal sites will be flooded 180 d a year within 2 decades of the onset of chronic flooding. For coastal locations with the lowest altitude, we show that the reconstructed number of floods is consistent with observations known from a previous survey. Vertical ground motions are a key source of uncertainty in our projections. Yet, our satellite interferometric synthetic-aperture radar results show that the local variability in this subsidence is smaller than the uncertainties in the technique, which we estimate to be between 1 (standard deviation of measurements) and 5 mm/yr (upper theoretical bound). Despite these uncertainties, our results imply that adaptation pathways considering a rapid increase in recurrent chronic flooding are required for the critical port and industrial and commercial center of Guadeloupe. Similar processes are expected to take place in many low-elevation coastal zones worldwide, including on other tropical islands. The method used in this study can be applied to other locations, provided tide gauge records and local knowledge of vertical ground motions are available. We argue that identifying times of emergence of chronic flooding events is urgently needed in most low-lying coastal areas, because adaptation requires decades to be implemented, whereas chronic flooding hazards can worsen drastically within years of the first event being observed.

Child Psychiatry in Hong Kong: An Overview

1990 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Child Psychiatry ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Postgraduate Teaching ◽  
Chinese University ◽  
Child Psychiatric ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions ◽  
Developmental Conditions

Hong Kong has a population of 5.5 million with 1.3 million below the age of 15. Child psychiatry has been very under-developed until recently. The brief history and development of child psychiatry in Hong Kong, and specifically that of the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Unit at the Prince of Wales Hospital, the teaching hospital of The Chinese University of Hong Kong, are described. Traditionally psychiatric services for children in Hong Kong were heavily skewed towards neuropsychiatric and developmental conditions but in this Unit a full spectrum of child psychiatric conditions are seen. Relevant clinical statistics are used to illustrate these differences as well as to further highlight the philosophy and practice of the Unit. Other aspects, such as undergraduate and postgraduate teaching, and research are also mentioned. The magnitude of child psychiatric morbidity in Hong Kong is briefly illustrated with a three-stage epidemiological study done in a primary school in a lower middle social class area. It was found that 16.3% of the children were psychiatrically disturbed. Emotional disorder, with a prevalence of 8.8%, was the commonest condition. Finally, the future development of child psychiatry in Hong Kong is discussed, addressing the disconcerting facts of a huge population and very limited resources.

Conflict of Interest and Value: An Analysis of Negotiations between Taiwan and China, 1992‐1998

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-273
Author(s):  
Chien-pin Li
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Illegal Immigration ◽  
Taiwan Strait ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Negotiation Processes ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
Perceived Impact ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
The Taiwan Strait

AbstractIn the 1990s, Taiwan and China conducted over twenty rounds of negotiations through the semi-official Strait Exchange Foundation (SEF) and the Association for Relations across the Taiwan Strait (ARATS) concerning the following issues: notarized papers, registered mail, illegal immigration, fishing disputes, airplane hijacking, and post-1997 shipping links between Taiwan and Hong Kong. Regrouping these issues into rights, law-and-order, and shipping, this study analyzes the differences in the negotiation processes and outcomes through variations of value-interest alignments and their perceived impact on future policy objectives.

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