scholarly journals Effect of polluted water on soil, sediments and plant contamination by heavy metals in El-Mahla El-Kobra, Egypt

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Mahmoud ◽  
A. M. Ghoneim
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Untreated Wastewater ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Direct Discharge ◽  
Very High

Abstract. The discharge of untreated wastewater in drains Zefta and No. 5 is becoming a problem for many farmers in El-Mahla El-Kobra area, Egypt. The discharging water contains high levels of contaminants considered hazardous to the ecosystem. Some plants, soil, water, and sediment samples were collected from El-Mahla El-Kobra area to evaluate the contamination by heavy metals. The results showed that the heavy metals, pH, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), BOD and COD in the water of drains Zefta and No. 5 exceeded permissible limits for irrigation. In rice and maize plants grown in soils irrigated by water from Zefta and No. 5 drains, the bioaccumulation factors for Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu and Mn were higher than 1.0. The heavy metals of irrigated soils from drains Zefta and No. 5 exceeded the upper limit of background heavy metals. In this study, the mean contaminant factor values of the drain No. 5 sediments revealed that Zn, Mn, Cu, Cd, Pb and Ni > 6, indicating very high contamination, which receive a huge amount of metallic pollution due to the direct discharge of wastewater from the urban and industrial area. The high bioaccumulation coefficients of Cynodon dactylon Phragmites australis and Typha domingensis growing in Zefta drain. These species can be considered as hyperaccumulators for, decontamination of polluted water. Thus, the wastewater in El-Mahla El-Kobra area must be treated before discharge in drains (Zefta and No. 5) and remediation of polluted soils from heavy metals.

scholarly journals Effect of polluted water on soil and plant contamination by heavy metals in El-Mahla El-Kobra, Egypt

Solid Earth ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 703-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esawy Kasem Mahmoud ◽  
Adel Mohamed Ghoneim
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Bioaccumulation Coefficient ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Very High ◽  
Irrigated Soils

Abstract. The discharge of untreated waste water in Zefta drain and drain no. 5 is becoming a problem for many farmers in the El-Mahla El-Kobra area, Egypt. The discharged water contains high levels of contaminants considered hazardous to the ecosystem. Some plants, soil, water, and sediment samples were collected from the El-Mahla El-Kobra area to evaluate the contamination by heavy metals. The results showed that the heavy metals, pH, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the water of Zefta drain and drain no. 5 exceeded permissible limits for irrigation. In rice and maize shoots grown in soils irrigated by contaminated water from Zefta drain and drain no. 5, the bioaccumulation factors for Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, and Mn were higher than 1.0. The heavy metals content of irrigated soils from Zefta drain and drain no. 5 exceeded the upper limit of background heavy metals. In this study, the mean contaminant factor values of the drain no. 5 sediments revealed that Zn, Mn, Cu, Cd, Pb, and Ni > 6, indicating very high contamination. The bioaccumulation coefficient values of Cynodon dactylon, Phragmites australis, and Typha domingensis aquatic plants growing in Zefta drain are high. These species can be considered as hyperaccumulators for the decontamination of contaminated water.

scholarly journals Microelements and heavy metals in raw cow milk from various regions in Serbia

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 317-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Zivkov-Balos ◽  
Sandra Jaksic ◽  
Zeljko Mihaljev ◽  
Zeljko Cupic ◽  
Igor Stojanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Feed Samples

In this study, the investigation results of raw milk and animal feed samples from farms located around industrial areas and from rural areas in Serbia are presented. Various microelements and heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Fe, Pb and Cd) were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Mean concentration of Zn, Cu, Fe and Cd in raw milk were 5.94, 0.239, 2.034 and below 0.005 mg/kg, respectively. The mean lead concentration found in milk from a farm located near industrial area was 0.242?0.166 mg/kg (mean Pb concentrations for other four investigated farms were below 0.05 mg/kg). The obtained results indicate that particular attention should be paid to control of Pb residues in food, water and environment.

scholarly journals Concentration of the PM2.5 according to the sampling areas associated with the concentration of heavy metals and anions in Penang

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Suvennie Saseetheran ◽  
Bawani Selvam ◽  
Norrimi Rosaida Awang ◽  
Mahani Yusoff ◽  
Abdus Salam Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Pm2.5 Concentration ◽  
Descriptive Statistical Analysis

Particulate matter (PM) was identified as the main air pollutants in Malaysia which directly impose a treat to human health and understanding this pollutant is also crucial for its mitigation and control. This study aims to determine and characterize the PM2.5 with the influence of meteorological parameters. The PM2.5 samples were collected at Perai, Nibong Tebal and highway of Penang Bridge represented the industrial, residential, and roadside areas of Mainland Penang, respectively. The descriptive statistical analysis was conducted to understand the variations of PM2.5 concentration on the study areas, while its relationship with meteorological parameters were tested using Pearson correlation. Eleven heavy metals and three anions were determined using mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Ion Chromatography, respectively. Results showed that the mean concentration of PM2.5 are 10.88 ?g/m³, 31.96 ?g/m³, and 39.35 g/m³ for residential area, industrial area, and roadside, respectively. The results revealed that mean concentrations of PM2.5 (39.35 ?g/m³) in the roadside are significantly higher than NAAQG 24-h average of 35 ?g/m³. Result also suggested that meteorological parameters were lest significant in controlling the PM2.5 concentrations as only the air pressure was found to be significant with the value of correlation coefficient of 0.476. The major components such as SO42-, K and Na account for about 70-90% of the PM2.5.

Assessment of Heavy Metals Contamination in Roadside Soil Dust in Doon Valley, Uttarakhand

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Sohni Sinha ◽  
A.K. Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Roadside Soil ◽  
Soil Dust ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Heavy Metals Contamination ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

The accumulation of heavy metals in soil at roadside has been studied by the analysis of top soil/dust samples. Concentration of the elements Co, Cr, Pb and Cd were measured on 39 top soil/dust samples collected from near the highways, industrial area and control site. The samples were analysed for Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Cd, Ni, and Cr by using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The mean concentrations of Co, Cr, Pb and Cd were 0.390, 0.090, 2.195 and 0.094 mg kg-1, respectively. Data obtained from analysis, were statistically examined to know the distribution of metals in different highways and industrial area. The results showed that the topsoil/dust near the highway and industrial sites had significantly enrichment particularly Pb than control sites.

Dredged material of Izmir harbor: its behavior and pollution potential

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayse Filibeli ◽  
Recep Yilmaz ◽  
Ibrahim Alyanak
Keyword(s):  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Pollution Potential ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
Izmir Bay ◽  
Untreated Wastewater ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Land Disposal ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Direct Discharge ◽  
Very High

The Arap and Melez Rivers discharge to Izmir Bay bringing wastewater together with rainwater coming from their catchment areas. There is an artificial harbor built at the discharge point of the Melez River acting as a sedimentation area for the suspended matter carried by these rivers. This area has a storage capacity of 3 to 4 years. After this period, the sediments are dredged and disposed from the region. In this study, various studies were carried out in order to determine the geotechnical properties and pollution parameters of the sediments; the results of many previous studies are also given. In the analyses done on dredging samples, it was observed that sulfur, oil and grease, phosphorus, nitrogen and heavy metal concentrations were very high. The reason for these high concentrations is the direct discharge of untreated wastewater formed in the industries located along the Arap and Melez Rivers. The pollutants carried to Izmir Bay by these rivers then settle down inside the artificial harbor and reach high concentrations in bottom sediments. As a result of this study, some possible environmental effects of land disposal of this material are discussed and suggestions are given for final disposal alternatives.

scholarly journals Ecological and Human Health Risks of Heavy Metals in Shooting Range Soils: A Meta Assessment from China

Toxics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Bai ◽  
Xiaofen Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Ecological Risks ◽  
Shooting Range ◽  
Human Health Risks ◽  
Pb Contamination ◽  
Shooting Range Soils ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Very High ◽  
Shooting Ranges

Contamination of shooting ranges by heavy metals in particular Pb represents a widespread environmental issue attracting concern worldwide. Contaminant accumulation in shooting range soils can pose potential ecological risks and health risks for shooters and workers. Based on the published data on metal contamination at five shooting ranges in China, potential ecological and human health risks of several metals, and in particular, Pb were assessed for the five surveyed shooting ranges. Data show the mean concentrations of Pb, Cu, Hg, Sb, Ni and Cr in various ranges were all higher than the local soil background values, implying their accumulation was induced by shooting activities. The degree of contamination varied with sites and metals, very high Pb contamination at Range 1, Range 2 and Range 5-1, while moderate Pb contamination at Range 3 and Range 5-2. Comparatively, As, Zn and Co showed no contamination. Among the surveyed metals, Pb, Cu, Hg and Sb in shooting range soils displayed relatively high potential ecological risks. The overall degree of potential ecological risk was very high at Range 1 and Range 2, considerable at Range 4 and Range 5-1, and low at Range 3 and Range 5-2. The mean HI (hazard index) of Pb at Range 2 and the maximum HI values at Range 1 and Range 4 were higher than 1, suggesting a possibility of non-carcinogenic risks of Pb contamination at these sites. However, Pb in other range soils and other metals, across the five ranges, all exhibited no non-carcinogenic risks. The cancer risks of the four carcinogenic contaminants (As, Co, Cr, and Ni) were acceptable or negligible at all ranges. In conclusion, contamination of Pb and other metals such as Cu, Hg and Sb can cause various potential ecological risks at all the surveyed ranges, but only Pb at three ranges shows possible health risks. Contamination of Pb in the surveyed shooting ranges should be managed to reduce its possible environmental and health risks.

scholarly journals Determination of selected heavy metals in airborne particles in industrial area: A baseline study

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-256
Author(s):  
Azman Azid ◽  
Siti Noor Syuhada Muhammad Amin ◽  
Saiful Iskandar Khalit ◽  
Salwani Ismail ◽  
Mohd Saiful Samsudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Southwest Monsoon ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

This study focuses on airborne heavy metal pollution in the industrial area. Eight points from Paka and Gebeng Industrial Area respectively were selected for this study within two monsoon seasons. The samples were analysed for heavy metals (Cd, As, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn) by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results showed that the mean concentration value of As, Pb and Cd for Paka were 5.0 ng/L ± 1.0, 107.0 ng/L ± 88.2, and 10.0 ng/L ± 7.5, respectively and Gebeng were 3.5 ng/L ± 1.5, 69.3 ng/L ± 59.3 and 5.1 ng/L ± 3.8, respectively in the southwest monsoon - much higher than the target value by European Commission in Directive 2004/107/EC and Directive 2008/50/EC. It could be concluded that the industrial and transportation emission were the major source of heavy metals in the atmosphere along the Paka and Gebeng Industrial Area. 

scholarly journals Survey Of Male And Female Frogs (Pyxicephalus Edulis) And Assosciated Toxic And Non Toxic Elements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thompson Faraday Ediagbonya ◽  
Adedayo Johnson Ogunjobi ◽  
Ademola Charles Adenikinju
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Physiochemical Parameters ◽  
Frog Species ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Very High

Abstract The present research was performed to determine the concentration of heavy metals in the male and female specimens of the identified frog species: pyxicephalus edulis collected from the Igbekebo River in Igbekebo, Ese-odo local government. Adult frogs (male and female) were collected from the river bank, and sediment samples and water samples were also collected at five ( 5) separate locations in the river. The frogs were dried separately at 1050C for 6 hrs and then crushed into small particles (powder form). The sediment samples were air-dried for three days. Elemental components in frog samples and sediment samples were analyzed using Proton Induced X-Ray Emission (PIXE). Physiochemical parameters and heavy metals of the water samples were also analyzed. The findings showed that the concentrations of Si, P, Cl, Ni, Zn and Cd were higher in Male frog while Mg, Al, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zr, Pb and Sn were higher in female frogs, the explanation for this variability is not known but may be due to variations in the genetic make-up of Male and Female frogs. The concentration of heavy metals in both male and female frogs was substantially higher relative to the available WHO limits. The mean concentration of elemental constituents in sediment was higher than the IAEA limit. The values of enrichment and the Igeo values were very high.

scholarly journals Temporal variation of the pseudo total content of heavy metals in Ulaanbaatar soil

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Tsagaan Byambasuren ◽  
Byambaa Khuukhenkhuu ◽  
Ganbaatar Ochirbat ◽  
Darizav Tsedenbaljir
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Very High ◽  
Background Soil

This work shows some of the results of investigation into pseudo total content of heavy metals in the surface soil of Ulaanbaatar.The main objectives of this study are to (i) evaluate temporal variability of pseudo-total content of Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni, Co and Mn in surface soil of Ulaanbaatar collected from 2003 to 2018, (ii) identify the main discriminates - metals during the years 2003-2018 years and, (iii) investigate the interdependence of main discriminates on the soil reaction (pH) and soil organic matter.Due to urbanization and negative human activities, surface soil in Ulaanbaatar losing their natural features, which are changing, while the spatial and temporal distribution of heavy metals in urban surface soil is becoming irregular. In Ulaanbaatar surface soil, the mean concentration of Cu, Zn and Pb much mois very high and the mean concentration of Co is lower than background soil. In some land use zones, it was found that the mean concentraion of Zn and Cr was considerably higher than the permissible level. The pollution condition of Mn, Zn, Cr, Ni and Cd was the same in 2010-2018 and the pollution conditions of Pb, Cu and Co are different. The main discriminants are Pb, Cu and Co. In Ulaanbaatar soil, a strikingly close correlationhip was established for Cu, Pb with the soil organic matter, and for Cd, Zn, Cr with the pH, respectively.

Monoamine Oxidase and Other Mitochondrial Enzymes in Density Subpopulations of Human Platelets

1988 ◽  
Vol 59 (01) ◽  
pp. 029-033 ◽  
Author(s):  
K G Chamberlain ◽  
D G Penington
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Mitochondrial Enzymes ◽  
Density Fractions ◽  
Percoll Gradients ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Very High

SummaryNormal human platelets have been separated according to density on continuous Percoll gradients and the platelet distribution divided into five fractions containing approximately equal numbers of platelets. The mean volumes and protein contents of the platelets in each fraction were found to correlate positively with density while the protein concentration did not differ significantly between the fractions. Four mitochondrial enzymes (monoamine oxidase, glutamate dehydrogenase, cytochrome oxidase and NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase) were assayed and their activities per unit volume were found to increase in a very similar monotonie fashion with platelet density. When MAO and GDH were assayed on the same set of density fractions the correlation between the two activities was very high (r = 0.94–1.00, p <0.001) and a similar close correlation was found between MAO and ICDH. The results support the hypothesis that high density platelets either have a higher concentration of mitochondria or have larger mitochondria than low density platelets.

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