scholarly journals Concentration of the PM2.5 according to the sampling areas associated with the concentration of heavy metals and anions in Penang

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Suvennie Saseetheran ◽  
Bawani Selvam ◽  
Norrimi Rosaida Awang ◽  
Mahani Yusoff ◽  
Abdus Salam Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Pm2.5 Concentration ◽  
Descriptive Statistical Analysis

Particulate matter (PM) was identified as the main air pollutants in Malaysia which directly impose a treat to human health and understanding this pollutant is also crucial for its mitigation and control. This study aims to determine and characterize the PM2.5 with the influence of meteorological parameters. The PM2.5 samples were collected at Perai, Nibong Tebal and highway of Penang Bridge represented the industrial, residential, and roadside areas of Mainland Penang, respectively. The descriptive statistical analysis was conducted to understand the variations of PM2.5 concentration on the study areas, while its relationship with meteorological parameters were tested using Pearson correlation. Eleven heavy metals and three anions were determined using mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Ion Chromatography, respectively. Results showed that the mean concentration of PM2.5 are 10.88 ?g/m³, 31.96 ?g/m³, and 39.35 g/m³ for residential area, industrial area, and roadside, respectively. The results revealed that mean concentrations of PM2.5 (39.35 ?g/m³) in the roadside are significantly higher than NAAQG 24-h average of 35 ?g/m³. Result also suggested that meteorological parameters were lest significant in controlling the PM2.5 concentrations as only the air pressure was found to be significant with the value of correlation coefficient of 0.476. The major components such as SO42-, K and Na account for about 70-90% of the PM2.5.

scholarly journals Determination of selected heavy metals in airborne particles in industrial area: A baseline study

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-256
Author(s):  
Azman Azid ◽  
Siti Noor Syuhada Muhammad Amin ◽  
Saiful Iskandar Khalit ◽  
Salwani Ismail ◽  
Mohd Saiful Samsudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Southwest Monsoon ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

This study focuses on airborne heavy metal pollution in the industrial area. Eight points from Paka and Gebeng Industrial Area respectively were selected for this study within two monsoon seasons. The samples were analysed for heavy metals (Cd, As, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn) by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results showed that the mean concentration value of As, Pb and Cd for Paka were 5.0 ng/L ± 1.0, 107.0 ng/L ± 88.2, and 10.0 ng/L ± 7.5, respectively and Gebeng were 3.5 ng/L ± 1.5, 69.3 ng/L ± 59.3 and 5.1 ng/L ± 3.8, respectively in the southwest monsoon - much higher than the target value by European Commission in Directive 2004/107/EC and Directive 2008/50/EC. It could be concluded that the industrial and transportation emission were the major source of heavy metals in the atmosphere along the Paka and Gebeng Industrial Area. 

scholarly journals Microelements and heavy metals in raw cow milk from various regions in Serbia

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 317-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Zivkov-Balos ◽  
Sandra Jaksic ◽  
Zeljko Mihaljev ◽  
Zeljko Cupic ◽  
Igor Stojanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Feed Samples

In this study, the investigation results of raw milk and animal feed samples from farms located around industrial areas and from rural areas in Serbia are presented. Various microelements and heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Fe, Pb and Cd) were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Mean concentration of Zn, Cu, Fe and Cd in raw milk were 5.94, 0.239, 2.034 and below 0.005 mg/kg, respectively. The mean lead concentration found in milk from a farm located near industrial area was 0.242?0.166 mg/kg (mean Pb concentrations for other four investigated farms were below 0.05 mg/kg). The obtained results indicate that particular attention should be paid to control of Pb residues in food, water and environment.

Assessment of Heavy Metals Contamination in Roadside Soil Dust in Doon Valley, Uttarakhand

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Sohni Sinha ◽  
A.K. Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Roadside Soil ◽  
Soil Dust ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Heavy Metals Contamination ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

The accumulation of heavy metals in soil at roadside has been studied by the analysis of top soil/dust samples. Concentration of the elements Co, Cr, Pb and Cd were measured on 39 top soil/dust samples collected from near the highways, industrial area and control site. The samples were analysed for Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Cd, Ni, and Cr by using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The mean concentrations of Co, Cr, Pb and Cd were 0.390, 0.090, 2.195 and 0.094 mg kg-1, respectively. Data obtained from analysis, were statistically examined to know the distribution of metals in different highways and industrial area. The results showed that the topsoil/dust near the highway and industrial sites had significantly enrichment particularly Pb than control sites.

Evaluation of heavy metals content in the canned/packed fruit juices from local and imported origin in Lahore, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazeefa Fatima ◽  
Munazza Khan ◽  
Muhammad Shuaib Kabeer
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Fruit Juices ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Acid Digestion ◽  
Digestion Method ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Nutritive Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

This study was conducted to determine the mean concentration of heavy metals such as lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), magnesium (Mg), and iron (Fe) in canned/packed fruits juices, collected from various stores in Lahore in a period of three months. These juices were categorized into four groups; local packed and canned and also imported packed and canned products. Every group consisted of ten samples. By using the di-acid digestion method, the collected samples were digested and analyzed under Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The results indicated that the mean values of 7 out of 9 tested heavy metals including Pb, Mg, Ni, Fe, Cr, Se and Mn were above permissible limits (set by WHO) in all four understudy groups. Therefore, it was concluded that commercially available fruit juices are not all safe according to their heavy metals content for the human consumption despite their nutritive values.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals in Water and Sediment: A Case Study of Tembi River

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Shanbehzadeh ◽  
Marzieh Vahid Dastjerdi ◽  
Akbar Hassanzadeh ◽  
Toba Kiyanizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Cu And Zn ◽  
Standard Range

This study was carried out to examine heavy metals concentration in water and sediment of upstream and downstream of the entry of the sewage to the Tembi River, Iran. Samples were collected from upstream and downstream and were analyzed for Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Ni, and Zn by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results indicated that the average concentration of the metals in water and sediment on downstream was more than that of upstream. The comparison of the mean concentrations of heavy metals in water of the Tembi River with drinking water standards and those in the water used for agriculture suggests that the mean concentration of Cu and Zn lies within the standard range for drinking water and the mean concentration of Mn, Zn, and Pb lies within the standard range of agricultural water. The highest average concentration on downstream for Pb in water and for Mn in sediment was 1.95 and 820.5 ppm, respectively. Also, the lowest average concentration on upstream was identified for Cd in water and sediment 0.07 and 10 ppm, respectively. With regard to the results, it gets clear that using the water for recreational purposes, washing, and fishing is detrimental to human health and the environment.

scholarly journals Use of Two Aquatic Snail Species as Bioindicators of Heavy Metals in Tigris River-Baghdad

2020 ◽  
pp. 1589-1592
Author(s):  
Harith Saeed Al-Warid ◽  
Hayder Z Ali ◽  
Ghassan Nissan ◽  
Abbas Haider ◽  
Ahmed Yosef
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Tigris River ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Bellamya Bengalensis

     Thirty individuals of Bellamya bengalensis and Physella acuta were collected and identified from the Tigris River in Baghdad during the period between October to November 2017. The efficiency of bioaccumulation of the two species as bioindicators for aquatic heavy metal pollution with Cd, Ni, Pb and Cu was investigated. Both snail species had the ability to accumulate heavy metals. The mean of Ni concentration in soft tissues of both snails was 1.53 ppm while the mean concentration of other heavy metals was significantly lower; they reached 0.51 ppm, 0.36 ppm and 0.29 ppm, respectively. While no significant differences between B. bengalensis and  P.acuta were noticed in the ability to accumulate the heavy metals. It is concluded that both snails shared the features of good bioindicators due to their sensitivity to pollution.:

scholarly journals Histological Structure of Reproductive Organ of Freshwater Female Crab, Barytelphusa Cunicularis (West-Wood)

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atul R. Chourpagar ◽  
Rumana Shaikh ◽  
G. K. Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Sublethal Concentration ◽  
Reproductive Organ ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Female Crab ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Yolk Granules ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

<em>Mercury concentrations were recorded in water and tissue of Barytelphusa cunicularis from Pimpalwadi site (Jaikwadi Dam) near Aurangabad. The level of heavy metals in the ovary and spermatheca of crabs was investigated using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The mean concentration of mercury in the crab was 0.9 ±0.001 µg/g. A histopathological alteration in ovary and spermatheca was also studied. Several histological changes were noted in the ovary tissue i. e. Distortion of yolk granules, vacuolization, slight necrosis in the oocytes in the ovary and vacuolization observe in lumen, granular substances, sperm mass and spermathecal fluid was evenly distributed in the crab was observed after exposed to sublethal concentration (24<sup>th</sup> of LC<sub>50</sub>:1/5<sup>th</sup> 0.208 ppm) of mercuric chloride.</em>

scholarly journals Investigation of Heavy Metals Level in selected Boreholes around the Vicinity of some Cemeteries in Benin City, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 841-845
Author(s):  
C.A.E. Ibhadode ◽  
I.R. Ilaboya
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

Groundwater pollution by heavy metals such as lead, copper, nickel and iron is one of the major environmental issues of concern which has developed into a widely studied area. In this study, attempt was made to investigate the level of heavy metals in selected boreholes around the vicinity of cemeteries in Benin City. Seventy-two (72) samples of groundwater were taken from boreholes in 9 stations around the three cemeteries in Benin City on monthly basis. The samples were analysed for 7 heavy metals, in accordance with standard procedures. The heavy metals include; Zinc, Lead Iron, Copper, Cadmium, Nickel and Mercury. From the results of the study, a variation in the mean concentration of zinc was observed. The mean concentration of zinc in site 1 was 0.450mg/l, for site 2, it was 0.140mg/l and for site 3, it was 1.0533mg/l. For iron, mean concentration was 0.072mg/l in site 1. For site 2, mean concentration of iron was 2.140mg/l and for site 3, mean concentration of iron was 0.560mg/l. It was further revealed based on the results that mean value of heavy metals in groundwater around cemeteries in Benin City were generally lower during dry season compared to wet season. In addition, result of computed pollution index (Pi) revealed that the heavy metal with the highest potential to pollute groundwater is Cadmium, with Pi of 0.5333 and 0.400 representing dry season and wet season respectively.

scholarly journals Geochemical assessment of heavy metal pollution of river basin in Nigeria using stream sediment

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Oluwafunso Oladipo Awosusi ◽  
Adeshina Luqman Adisa
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Enrichment Factor ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Stream Sediment ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

Heavy metal pollution has been a source of health problems in humans. These metals are persistent, toxic, non-degradable and often take a long time to be eliminated from the body. This study is, therefore, designed to assess heavy metal pollution of River Basin in Nigeria. Seventy stream sediment samples were systematically collected from an area, approximately 400km2, latitude 7O 00’ and 7O 15’N and longitude 5O 11’ and 5O 19’E. The pollution status of the sediments by heavy metals were assessed by Enrichment Factor (EF), Pollution Load Index (PLI) and Geo-accumulation Index (Igeo). The concentrations of the heavy metals were also compared with United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Sediment quality guidelines (SQG). The samples were dried in the laboratory, disaggregated, sieved to minus 80 (<177 microns) mesh size using nylon sieve. The sieved samples were, then, digested and the concentrations of As, Co, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, V and Zn were determined by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (WD-XRFS). Results revealed that the mean concentrations of the heavy metals are in the order V>Zn>Pb>As>Ni>Co>Fe>Mn. Furthermore, the mean concentration of lead exceeded both the average world shale and the USEPA SQG values. However, the mean concentration of cobalt, nickel, manganese and zinc were lower than the average world shale values for these elements. The Enrichment Factor (EF) revealed that cobalt was moderately enriched while arsenic and lead were significantly enriched in the sediments. On the basis of the geoaccumulation index, the stream sediments were largely uncontaminated except at some sites that were moderately to strongly contaminated by As and Pb.  

scholarly journals Distribution Characteristics and Pollution Assessment of Soil Heavy Metals under Different Land-Use Types in Xuzhou City, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aman Fang ◽  
Jihong Dong ◽  
Yingli An
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Grassland Soils ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

Xuzhou, as a mining city in China, has been experiencing 130 years of coal mining and processing. To explore the spatial distribution characteristics and pollution status of soil heavy metals (Cr, Cd, As, Hg, Zn, and Pb) under different land-use types, a total of 2697 topsoil samples were collected in all of the areas (except for water) of Xuzhou in 2016. Overall, the mean concentrations of Cr (70.266 mg/kg), Cd (0.141 mg/kg), As (10.375 mg/kg), Hg (0.036 mg/kg), Zn (64.788 mg/kg), and Pb (24.84 mg/kg) in Xuzhou soils were lower than the environmental quality standard for soils (GB15618-1995). However, the mean concentrations of Cr, Hg, and Pb exceeded their corresponding background values, with the mean concentration of Hg being almost three times its background value. For different land-use types, the highest mean concentration of Cr was concentrated in grassland soils. The mean concentrations of Cd, As, Zn, and Pb in mining area soils were higher than those in the other soils. The mean concentration of Hg was the highest in the built-up area soils. Based on the potential ecological risk assessment, the forestland, garden land, grassland, and others were at low and moderate risk levels, the farmland and mining area were at low, moderate, and high risk levels, and the built-up area was at various risk levels in Xuzhou. There was a significant positive correlation between Cr, Pb, and Hg concentrations and the corresponding organic carbon contents in the farmland, built-up area, garden land, forestland, and other soils ( p < 0.01 ). A high degree of correlation was found between Cr and Hg concentrations, as well as organic carbon contents in grassland soils, with values of p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 , respectively. An obvious correlation could be seen between Hg concentrations and organic carbon contents in mining area soils ( p < 0.01 ).

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