scholarly journals Influence of long-term mineral fertilization on metal contents and properties of soil samples taken from different locations in Hesse, Germany

SOIL ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Czarnecki ◽  
R.-A. Düring
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Metal Contents

Abstract. Essential and non-essential metals occur in soils as a result of weathering, industrial processes, fertilization, and atmospheric deposition. Badly adapted cultivation of agricultural soils (declining pH value, application of unsuitable fertilizers) can enhance the mobility of metals and thereby increase their concentrations in agricultural products. As the enrichment of metals in soils occurs over long time periods, monitoring of the long-term impact of fertilization is necessary to assess metal accumulation in agricultural soils. The main objective of this study was to test the effects of different mineral fertilizer variations on soil properties (pH, Corg, and cation exchange capacity (CEC)) and pseudo-total and mobile metal contents of soils after 14 years of fertilizer application and to determine residual effects of the fertilization 8 years after cessation of fertilizer treatment. Soil samples were taken from a field experiment which was carried out at four different locations (210, 260, 360, and 620 m above sea level) in Hesse, Germany. During the study, a significant decrease in soil pH and an evident increase in soil carbon content and cation exchange capacity with fertilization were determined. The CEC of the soils was closely related to their organic C contents. Moreover, pseudo- and mobile metal (Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb, Zn) contents in the soils increased due to application of 14 years of mineral fertilizer treatments (N, P, NP, and NPK) when compared to control plots. Eight years after termination of the fertilization in the soil samples taken from soil profiles of the fertilized plots (NPK) for monitoring the residual effects of the fertilizer application, a decrease of 82.6, 54.2, 48.5, 74.4, and 56.9% in pseudo-total Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb, and Zn contents, respectively, was determined.

scholarly journals Influence of long-term mineral fertilization on metal contents and properties of soil samples taken from different locations in Hesse, Germany

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Czarnecki ◽  
R.-A. Düring
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Metal Contents

Abstract. Essential and non-essential metals occur in soils as a result of weathering, industrial processes, fertilization and atmospheric deposition. Badly adapted cultivation of agricultural soils (declining pH-value, application of unsuitable fertilizers) can enhance the mobility of metals and by the way increase their concentrations in agricultural products. The main objective of this study was to test the effects of different mineral fertilizer variations on soil properties (pH, Corg and CEC) and pseudo total and mobile metal contents of soils after 14 years of fertilizer application and to determine residual effects of the fertilization 8 years after cessation of fertilizer treatment. Soil samples were taken from a field experiment which was carried out at four different locations 210, 260, 360, and 620 m a.s.l., in Hesse, Germany. During the study, a significant decrease in soil pH and an evident increase in soil carbon content and cation exchange capacity with fertilization were determined. The CEC of the soils was closely related to their organic C contents. Moreover, pseudo and mobile metal (Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb, Zn) contents in the soils increased due to application of 14 years mineral fertilizer treatments (N, P, NP, and NPK) when compared to control plots. Fertilization is one of the major paths for metal input to agricultural soils, therefore monitoring of the long term impact of fertilization is necessary. 8 years after termination of the fertilization in the soil samples taken from soil profiles of the fertilized plots (NPK) for monitoring the residual effects of the fertilizer application, a decrease of 82.6%, 54.2%, 48.5%, 74.4%, and 56.9%, respectively, in pseudo total Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb, and Zn contents was determined.

scholarly journals THE EVALUATION OF THE RESIDUAL EFFECT OF FERTILIZER IN LONG-TERM FERTILITY PLOTS: I. POTASSIUM

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. MacLean ◽  
J. J. Doyle
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Intensive Cropping

Residual effects of long-term annual applications of fertilizer potassium on the potassium status of an acid sandy loam Podzol were investigated, in a greenhouse experiment. Potassium accumulated in the surface soil in a form readily available to plants.On plots with higher cation exchange capacities, resulting from manurial treatments, there was no evidence to indicate leaching below 15 inches. On plots where cation exchange capacity was not increased by treatment, a higher percentage potassium saturation at greater depths indicates that leaching of potassium had occurred to a depth of 21 inches. An increased concentration of nitric acid-soluble potassium at greater depths suggests that some of the leached potassium has been converted to the non-exchangeable form.Accumulation in the surface soil was sufficient to supply most of the potassium requirement of ladino clover under conditions of intensive cropping. The results suggest that exchangeable and nitric acid-soluble potassium are reliable criteria of available potassium.

scholarly journals Influence of brick manufacturing on phosphorus and sulfur in different agro-ecological soils of Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
Reshma Akter ◽  
Md Jamal Uddin ◽  
Md Faruque Hossain ◽  
Zakia Parveen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Maximum Accumulation ◽  
Brick Kilns ◽  
Total P

A study was carried out to evaluate the effects of brick manufacturing on phosphorus (P) and sulfur (S) concentrations in soil and plant collected from different distances of brick kilns in four AEZs of Bangladesh. Forty eight composite soil samples (0 - 15 cm depth) were collected from 48 points in 12 different sites at 0 m, 300 m, 800 m and 1500 m from brick kilns, where most (site 2, site 3, site 5, site 6, site 7, site 9 and site 10) of the brick kilns used coal for brick burning purposes. Plant samples (rice straw and different vegetables) were also collected from the respective fields except 0 m distances. Significantly (p ? 0.05) lower organic matter, cation exchange capacity, clay content and soil pH were found at 0 m distances compared to other distances. Highest concentration of total P in soil were recorded at 0 m distances and these concentrations decreased with increasing distances from the brick kilns in most of the sites; whereas available P is significantly lower at 0 m distances than that of other distances. Total and available concentration of S in soil followed the trend 0 m>300 m>800 m>1500 m. Maximum accumulation of P (69.15 mg kg-1) and S (0.14%) in plant was found at 800 m away from the brick kiln.Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 29(2): 123-131, December-2016

Exchangeable cations and cation exchange capacity of forest soil samples: Effects of drying, storage, and horizon

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wietse L. Meyer ◽  
Paul A. Arp
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Storage Effects ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Extractable Al

Concentrations of Ca, Mg, K, Na, Al, Fe, Mn, and Si extractable with 1 N ammonium chloride (NH4Cl, pH 4.5) and 1 N ammonium acetate (NH4OAc, pH 4.5) were determined for forest soil samples as follows: (1) before drying, and (2) at several time intervals after air-drying (1, 5, 11 and 14 wk). Values for CEC were obtained for the same samples by determining (1) the sum of cations (Al3+, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, Fe3+, and Mn2+) in the extracts [denoted [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]], and (2) the amount of ammonium retained by the soil samples against water washing [denoted CEC(NH4OAc) and CEC (NH4Cl)]. The soils used in this investigation were taken from four New Brunswick upland forest sites (two sugar maple sites, one mixed wood site, and one spruce site). It was round that (1) extractable Mg, K, Na, and Mn levels were generally not affected by drying, storing, and type of extradant; (2) extractable Al and Fe levels increased immediately after drying; (3) NH4OAc-extracted Al, Fe, and Si exceeded NH4Cl-extracted Al, Fe, and Si; (4) extracted Al and Fe levels tended to drop after 11 wk of storage; (5) small drying effects were also noticed for NH4Cl-extracted Ca; (6) CEC(NH4OAc) and CEC(NH4Cl) values decreased with increasing time of storage; this effect was noticed most for soil samples with high levels of organic matter (Ah, Ahe, Bm, Bf, and Bfh), and was noticed least for sod samples taken from leached horizons (Ae) and subsoil horizons (BC and C); (7) in some cases, storage time increased CEC(NH4OAc) in subsoils; (8) values for [Formula: see text] remained fairly independent or increased slightly with storage time and were closely related with CEC(NH4Cl) values obtained with non-dried samples; (9) values for [Formula: see text] did not relate well with CEC(NH4OAc) and CEC(NH4Cl). Differences for extractable Al were likely due to Al complexation by acetate ions. Drying effects on extractable Al and Fe (and possibly Ca) were likely due to drying-induced fragmentation of soil organic matter. Drying and storage effects on CEC(NH4OAc) and CEC(NH4Cl) were likely due to (1) water-washing and related loss of organic matter, and (2) sensitivity of subsoil minerals to air exposure. Apparent drying and storage effects on CEC were most noted with [Formula: see text] and were least noted with [Formula: see text]. Key words: Cation exchange capacity, ion exchange, drying, storage, ammonium acetate, ammonium chloride extractions

scholarly journals Small relief shape variations influence spatial variability of soil chemical attributes

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zigomar Menezes de Souza ◽  
José Marques Júnior ◽  
Gener Tadeu Pereira ◽  
Diogo Mazza Barbieri
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Management System ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Chemical Attributes

Soils with small variations in relief and under the same management system present differentiated spatial variabilities of their attributes. This variability is a function of soil position in the landscape, even if the relief has little expression. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of relief shape and depth on spatial variability of soil chemical attributes in a Typic Hapludox cultivated with sugar cane at two landscape compartments. Soil samples were collected in the intercrossing points of a grid, in the traffic line, at 0-0.2 m and 0.6-0.8 m depths, comprising a set of 100 georeferenced points. The spatial variabilities of pH, P, K, Ca, Mg, cation exchange capacity and base saturation were quantified. Small relief shape variations lead to differentiated variability in soil chemical attributes as indicated by the dependence on pedoform found for chemical attributes at both 0-0.2 m and 0.6-0.8 m depths. Because of the higher variability, it is advisable to collect large number of samples in areas with concave and convex shapes. Combining relief shapes and geostatistics allows the determination of areas with different spatial variability for soil chemical attributes.

scholarly journals Chemical properties of long-term irrigated Fluvisols of the Beli Drim river valley in the Klina region (Serbia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Miodrag Tolimir ◽  
Branka Kresović ◽  
Borivoj Pejić ◽  
Katarina Gajić ◽  
Angelina Tapanarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Base Cations ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Basic Cations ◽  
Hydrolytic Acidity

The impact of long-term (> 100 yr) irrigation on soil chemical properties was studied on eight plots in the Beli Drim river valley in Kosovo and Metohija near Klina, Serbia. For these studies, soil samples from shallow profiles were collected from only one or two depth zones of the Ah horizon; and from moderately deep and deep profiles, from two to three depth zones for the purpose of comparing irrigated field and non-irrigated meadow lands. Water from the Beli Drim River and surface gravity systems (irrigation furrows or border strip irrigation) were used for irrigation. Chemical variables included determination of pH-H2O, content of CaCO3, content of humus, hydrolytic acidity, sum of basic cations, cation exchange capacity, and base saturation. On irrigated soils, the results of chemical analysis showed on average a small increase in pH-H2O (0.07 pH units), as well as a significant decrease in humus content (2.00-4.75%), sum of basic cations (4.98-12.98%) and cation exchange capacity (12.8%) compared to the non-irrigated land of the study area. Long-term irrigation had no effect on hydrolytic acidity and base saturation in the Ah horizon of the investigated lands. Namely, the mentioned variations in the chemical properties of the investigated soils show that slight processes of reduction in the humus content and reduction of the content of base cations occured. Data on the chemical properties of the investigated soils indicate that the destructive processes of reduction in the humus content and leaching of base cations must be controlled in order to achieve a stable sustainable system of high productivity and prevent their further deterioration.

Soil fertility changes in the long-term experimental plots at Kybybolite, South Australia. III. Changes in cation exchange capacity and exchangeable cations

1961 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 273 ◽  
Author(s):  
JS Russell
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Upward Movement ◽  
Exchangeable Calcium ◽  
Exchange Complex

Changes in the cation exchange complex are one of the secondary effects arising out of the increasing organic matter content of soils, due to the influence of phosphorus fertilizers on leguminous pastures. Analysis of solonetzic soils from the long-term Kybybolite P plots indicates that there is a close relation between organic matter increase and increases in cation exchange capacity. For each increase of 0.1 % soil nitrogen, there has been a corresponding increase of 3.48 m-equiv.jl00 g in cation exchange capacity. Associated with these changes there have been increases in the level of exchangeable calcium and exchangeable hydrogen. Changes in exchangeable calcium appear related to the amount and form of fertilizer or amendment applied. Where little calcium has been added, the increase in cation exchange capacity has been satisfied almost entirely by hydrogen, and base saturation has decreased. There appears to have been little upward movement of metal cations from the lower horizons to the surface by plants, possibly owing to the species involved, or to the intractable nature of the B horizon. The possible effects of changes in the cation exchange complex on plant growth are discussed. Also, the possibility of maintaining base saturation on infertile soils where cation exchange capacity is being increased, is examined.

The potassium Q/l relationships of soils given different K manuring

1970 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Addiscott
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Activity Ratio ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
Image Position

SUMMARYThe potassium quantity/intensity (Q/I) relationships, which relate change in exchangeable K content (Q) to change in activity ratio were measured in soil samples from manuring experiments at Rothamsted and Woburn. Within each experiment, Q/I curves for different K-manuring treatments were super-imposable on each other and on the curve relating exchangeable K to Io, the activity ratio at which the soil neither gains nor loses K. The distances on the Q axis between the curves were equal to the differences in exchangeable K.The buffer capacity, dQ/dI, was related to the K saturation of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) by the equations(Q and CEC in m-equiv/100 g)Broadbalk and Hoosfield soil, andfor Barnfield soils (b= 3·08; m= 1·0) and for Woburn market garden soils (b =2·41; m= 0·6) but for soils from other Woburn experiments, dQ/dl did not vary significantly with Q/CEC.

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