scholarly journals Multi-temporal airborne LIDAR-DEMs for glacier and permafrost mapping and monitoring

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Abermann ◽  
A. Fischer ◽  
A. Lambrecht ◽  
T. Geist
Keyword(s):  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Good Representation ◽  
Glacier Area ◽  
Covered Area ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Elevation Changes ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques ◽  
Permafrost Mapping

Abstract. The proposed method presents a simple and robust way to derive glacier extent by using multi-temporal high-resolution DEMs (digital elevation models) as a main data source. For glaciers that are not debris covered, we perform the glacier boundary delineation by analysing roughness differences between ice and its surroundings. A promising way to distinguish dead ice, debris-covered ice or permafrost from its rocky surroundings is shown by taking elevation changes from DEMs of different dates into consideration. In case data has a high spatial and temporal resolution a good representation of the extent of debris cover and thus the overall ice covered area can be given. We use examples to show how potentially ambiguous areas can be treated decisively by the additional qualitative analysis of aerial photographs. Problems and limitations are discussed in comparison with selected other remote sensing techniques and accuracies are quantified. For glaciers larger than 1 km2 an accuracy of ±1% of the glacier area could be assessed. The errors of smaller glaciers do not exceed ±5% of the glacier area.

scholarly journals Glacier changes in the Austrian Alps during the last three decades, derived from the new Austrian glacier inventory

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lambrecht ◽  
M. Kuhn
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Glacier Area ◽  
Glacier Inventory ◽  
Ice Volume ◽  
Covered Area ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Glacier Changes ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
Almost All

AbstractBeginning in 1996, aerial photographs were taken for a new Austrian glacier inventory, resulting in digital elevation models (DEMs) and digital orthoimages. An earlier inventory of the Austrian glaciers containing the original aerial photographs and glacier maps and a manual evaluation of various glacier parameters as of 1969 has been re-evaluated at the present state of the art. The two inventories provide the basis for the comparison of glacier reactions over a period of 29 years. In general a reduction of glacier area is observed for almost all Austrian glaciers between 1969 and 1998. The overall reduction in ice-covered area is 17%. The glacier volume change calculated from the DEMs amounts to about 5 km3. This is almost 22% of the ice volume in Austria in 1969, estimated from a volume–area relation. Changes of individual glaciers, however, show a wide variability, depending on their size and physiographic setting.

scholarly journals On the potential of very high-resolution repeat DEMs in glacial and periglacial environments

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Abermann ◽  
A. Fischer ◽  
A. Lambrecht ◽  
T. Geist
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Glacier Area ◽  
Airborne Laser ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Rock Glaciers ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Very High

Abstract. The potential of high-resolution repeat DEMs was investigated for glaciological applications including periglacial features (e.g. rock glaciers). It was shown that glacier boundaries can be delineated using airborne LIDAR-DEMs as a primary data source and that information on debris cover extent could be extracted using multi-temporal DEMs. Problems and limitations are discussed, and accuracies quantified. Absolute deviations of airborne laser scanning (ALS) derived glacier boundaries from ground-truthed ones were below 4 m for 80% of the ground-truthed values. Overall, we estimated an accuracy of +/−1.5% of the glacier area for glaciers larger than 1 km2. The errors in the case of smaller glaciers did not exceed +/−5% of the glacier area. The use of repeat DEMs in order to obtain information on the extent, characteristics and activity of rock glaciers was investigated and discussed based on examples.

scholarly journals Multitemporal Analysis of Gully Erosion in Olive Groves by Means of Digital Elevation Models Obtained with Aerial Photogrammetric and LiDAR Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomás Fernández ◽  
José Luis Pérez-García ◽  
José Miguel Gómez-López ◽  
Javier Cardenal ◽  
Julio Calero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Elevation Models ◽  
Gully Erosion ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Lidar Data ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Surface Models ◽  
Olive Groves ◽  
Airborne Lidar Data ◽  
Database Servers

Gully erosion is one of the main processes of soil degradation, representing 50%–90% of total erosion at basin scales. Thus, its precise characterization has received growing attention in recent years. Geomatics techniques, mainly photogrammetry and LiDAR, can support the quantitative analysis of gully development. This paper deals with the application of these techniques using aerial photographs and airborne LiDAR data available from public database servers to identify and quantify gully erosion through a long period (1980–2016) in an area of 7.5 km2 in olive groves. Several historical flights (1980, 1996, 2001, 2005, 2009, 2011, 2013 and 2016) were aligned in a common coordinate reference system with the LiDAR point cloud, and then, digital surface models (DSMs) and orthophotographs were obtained. Next, the analysis of the DSM of differences (DoDs) allowed the identification of gullies, the calculation of the affected areas as well as the estimation of height differences and volumes between models. These analyses result in an average depletion of 0.50 m and volume loss of 85000 m3 in the gully area, with some periods (2009–2011 and 2011–2013) showing rates of 10,000–20,000 m3/year (20–40 t/ha*year). The manual edition of DSMs in order to obtain digital elevation models (DTMs) in a detailed sector has facilitated an analysis of the influence of this operation on the erosion calculations, finding that it is not significant except in gully areas with a very steep shape.

scholarly journals Beyond 2D inventories : synoptic 3D landslide volume calculation from repeat LiDAR data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas G. Bernard ◽  
Dimitri Lague ◽  
Philippe Steer
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Volume Estimation ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
3D Point Cloud ◽  
Volume Calculation ◽  
Landslide Volume ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Areal Mapping

Abstract. Efficient and robust landslide mapping and volume estimation is essential to rapidly infer landslide spatial distribution, to quantify the role of triggering events on landscape changes and to assess direct and secondary landslide-related geomorphic hazards. Many efforts have been made during the last decades to develop landslide areal mapping methods, based on 2D satellite or aerial images, and to constrain empirical volume-area (V-A) allowing in turn to offer indirect estimates of landslide volume. Despite these efforts, some major issues remain including the uncertainty of the V-A scaling, landslide amalgamation and the under-detection of reactivated landslides. To address these issues, we propose a new semi-automatic 3D point cloud differencing method to detect geomorphic changes, obtain robust landslide inventories and directly measure the volume and geometric properties of landslides. This method is based on the M3C2 algorithm and was applied to a multi-temporal airborne LiDAR dataset of the Kaikoura region, New Zealand, following the Mw 7.8 earthquake of 14 November 2016. We demonstrate that 3D point cloud differencing offers a greater sensitivity to detect small changes than a classical difference of DEMs (digital elevation models). In a small 5 km2 area, prone to landslide reactivation and amalgamation, where a previous study identified 27 landslides, our method is able to detect 1431 landslide sources and 853 deposits with a total volume of 908,055 ± 215,640 m3 and 1,008,626 ± 172,745 m3, respectively. This high number of landslides is set by the ability of our method to detect subtle changes and therefore small landslides with a carefully constrained lower limit of 20 m2 (90 % with A 

scholarly journals Geodetic Mass Balances and Area Changes of Echaurren Norte Glacier (Central Andes, Chile) between 1955 and 2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 260 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Farías-Barahona ◽  
Sebastián Vivero ◽  
Gino Casassa ◽  
Marius Schaefer ◽  
Flavia Burger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Central Andes ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Glacier Mass Balance ◽  
Mass Balances ◽  
Positive Mass ◽  
Negative Mass ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Changes ◽  
Monitoring Service

The Echaurren Norte Glacier is a reference glacier for the World Glacier Monitoring Service (WGMS) network and has the longest time series of glacier mass balance data in the Southern Hemisphere. The data has been obtained by the direct glaciological method since 1975. In this study, we calculated glacier area changes using satellite images and historical aerial photographs, as well as geodetic mass balances for different periods between 1955 and 2015 for the Echaurren Norte Glacier in the Central Andes of Chile. Over this period, this glacier lost 65% of its original area and disaggregated into two ice bodies in the late 1990s. The geodetic mass balances were calculated by differencing digital elevation models derived from several sources. The results indicated a mean cumulative glacier wide mass loss of −40.64 ± 5.19 m w.e. (−0.68 ± 0.09 m w.e. a−1). Within this overall downwasting trend, a positive mass balance of 0.54 ± 0.40 m w.e. a−1 was detected for the period 2000–2009. These estimates agree with the results obtained with the glaciological method during the same time span. Highly negative mass change rates were found from 2010 onwards, with −1.20 ± 0.09 m w.e. a−1 during an unprecedented drought in Central Andes of Chile. The observed area and the elevation changes indicate that the Echaurren Norte Glacier may disappear in the coming years if negative mass balance rates prevail.

scholarly journals Reanalysis of multi-temporal aerial images of Storglaciären, Sweden (1959–99) – Part 1: Determination of length, area, and volume changes

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Koblet ◽  
I. Gärtner-Roer ◽  
M. Zemp ◽  
P. Jansson ◽  
P. Thee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Front Position ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Area And Volume

Abstract. Storglaciären, located in the Kebnekaise massif in northern Sweden, has a long history of glaciological research. Early photo documentations date back to the late 19th century. Measurements of front position variations and distributed mass balance have been carried out since 1910 and 1945/46, respectively. In addition to these in-situ measurements, aerial photographs have been taken at decadal intervals since the beginning of the mass balance monitoring program and were used to produce topographic glacier maps. Inaccuracies in the maps were a challenge to early attempts to derive glacier volume changes and resulted in major differences when compared to the direct glaciological mass balances. In this study, we reanalyzed dia-positives of the original aerial photographs of 1959, -69, -80, -90 and -99 based on consistent photogrammetric processing. From the resulting digital elevation models and orthophotos, changes in length, area, and volume of Storglaciären were computed between the survey years, including an assessment of related errors. Between 1959 and 1999, Storglaciären lost an ice volume of 19×106 m3, which corresponds to a cumulative ice thickness loss of 5.69 m and a mean annual loss of 0.14 m. This ice loss resulted largely from a strong volume loss during the period 1959–80 and was partly compensated during the period 1980–99. As a consequence, the glacier shows a strong retreat in the 1960s, a slowing in the 1970s, and pseudo-stationary conditions in the 1980s and 1990s.

Multi-decadal ice-velocity and elevation changes of a monsoonal maritime glacier: Hailuogou glacier, China

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (195) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Koji Fujita ◽  
Shiyin Liu ◽  
Qiao Liu ◽  
Xin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Emission ◽  
Surface Elevation ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Differential Gps ◽  
Glacier Surface ◽  
Ablation Area ◽  
Glacier Terminus ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Changes ◽  
Ice Velocity

AbstractDigital elevation models (DEMs) of the ablation area of Hailuogou glacier, China, produced from Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data obtained in 2009, differential GPS (DGPS) data surveyed in 2008 and aerial photographs acquired in 1966 and 1989 are differenced to estimate long- and short-term glacier surface elevation change (dh/dt). The mean dh/dt of the ablation area over 43 years (1966–2009) is −1.1 ± 0.4 m a−1. Since 1989 the thinning has accelerated significantly. Ice velocities measured by DGPS at 28 fixed stakes implanted in the ablation area increase with distance from the glacier terminus, ranging from 41.0 m a−1 approaching the glacier terminus to a maximum of 205.0 m a−1 at the base of an icefall. Our results reveal that the overall average ice velocity in the ablation area has undergone significant temporal variability over the past several decades. Changes in glacier surface elevation in the ablation area result from the combined effects of climate change and glacier dynamics, which are driven by different factors for different regions and periods.

scholarly journals Glacier mass balance over the central Nyainqentanglha Range during recent decades derived from remote-sensing data

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (251) ◽  
pp. 422-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
KUNPENG WU ◽  
SHIYIN LIU ◽  
ZONGLI JIANG ◽  
JUNLI XU ◽  
JUNFENG WEI
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission ◽  
Topographic Maps ◽  
Glacier Mass Balance ◽  
Glacier Area ◽  
Ice Surface ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Changes ◽  
Elevation Model

ABSTRACTTo obtain information on changes in glacier mass balance in the central Nyainqentanglha Range, a comprehensive study was carried out based on digital-elevation models derived from the 1968 topographic maps, the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission DEM (2000) and TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X (2013). Glacier area changes between 1968 and 2016 were derived from topographic maps and Landsat OLI images. This showed the area contained 715 glaciers, with an area of 1713.42 ± 51.82 km2, in 2016. Ice cover has been shrinking by 0.68 ± 0.05% a−1 since 1968. The glacier area covered by debris accounted for 11.9% of the total and decreased in the SE–NW directions. Using digital elevation model differencing and differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry, a significant mass loss of 0.46 ± 0.10 m w.e. a−1 has been recorded since 1968; mass losses accelerated from 0.42 ± 0.20 m w.e. a−1 to 0.60 ± 0.20 m w.e. a−1 between 1968–2000 and 2000–2013, with thinning noticeably greater on the debris-covered ice than the clean ice. Surface-elevation changes can be influenced by ice cliffs, as well as debris cover and land- or lake-terminating glaciers. Changes showed spatial and temporal heterogeneity and a substantial correlation with climate warming and decreased precipitation.

scholarly journals Determination of length, area, and volume changes at Storglaciären, Sweden, from multi-temporal aerial images (1959–1999)

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 347-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Koblet ◽  
I. Gärtner-Roer ◽  
M. Zemp ◽  
P. Jansson ◽  
P. Thee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Front Position ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Area And Volume

Abstract. Storglaciären, located in the Kebnekaise massif in northern Sweden, has a long history of glaciological research. Early photo documentations date back to the late 19th century. Measurements of front position variations and distributed mass balance have been carried out since 1910 and 1945/46, respectively. In addition to these in-situ measurements, aerial photographs have been taken at decadal intervals since the beginning of the mass balance monitoring program and were used to produce glaciological maps. Inaccuracies in the maps were a challenge to early attempts to derive glacier volume changes and resulted in major differences when compared to the direct glaciological mass balances. In this study, we reanalyzed dia-positives of the original aerial photographs of 1959, -69, -80, -90 and -99 based on consistent photogrammetric processing. From the resulting digital elevation models and orthophotos, changes in length, area, and volume of Storglaciären are computed between the survey years, including an assessment of related errors. Between 1959 and 1999, Storglaciären lost an ice volume of 19×106 m3, which corresponds to a cumulative ice thickness loss of 5.69 m and a mean annual loss of 0.14 m. This ice loss resulted largely from a strong volume loss during the period 1959–1980 and was partly compensated during the period 1980–1999. As a consequence, the glacier shows a strong retreat in the 1960s, a slowing in the 1970s, and pseudo-stationary conditions in the 1980s and 1990s.

scholarly journals Spatial patterns in glacier area and elevation changes from 1962 to 2006 in the monsoon-influenced eastern Himalaya

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 3949-3998 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Racoviteanu ◽  
Y. Arnaud ◽  
M. Williams ◽  
W. F. Manley
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Thermal Emission ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Eastern Himalaya ◽  
Slope Aspect ◽  
Glacier Area ◽  
Covered Area ◽  
Landsat 7 ◽  
Elevation Changes

Abstract. This study presents spatial patterns in glacier area and elevation changes in the monsoon-influenced part of the Himalaya (eastern Nepal and Sikkim) at multiple spatial scales. We combined Corona KH4 and topographic data with more recent remote-sensing data from Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission Radiometer (ASTER), QuickBird (QB) and WorldView-2 (WV2) sensors. We present: (1) spatial patterns of glacier parameters based on a new "reference" geospatial Landsat/ASTER glacier inventory from ~ 2000; (2) changes in glacier area (1962–2006) and their dependence on topographic variables (elevation, slope, aspect, percent debris cover) as well as climate variables (solar radiation and precipitation), extracted on a glacier-by-glacier basis and (3) changes in glacier elevations for debris-covered tongues and their relationship to surface temperature extracted from ASTER data. Glacier mapping from 2000 Landsat/ASTER yielded 1463 km2 ± 88 km2 total glacierized area in Nepal (Tamor basin) and Sikkim (Zemu basin), parts of Bhutan and China, of which we estimated 569 km2 ± 34 km2 to be located in Sikkim. Supraglacial debris covered 11% of the total glacierized area, and supraglacial lakes covered about 5.8% of the debris-covered area. Based on analysis of high-resolution imagery, we estimated an area loss of −0.24% ± 0.08% yr−1 from the 1960's to the 2010's, with a higher rate of retreat in the last decade (−0.43% yr−1 ± 0.9 % from 2000 to 2006) compared to the previous decades (−0.20% yr−1 ± 0.16% from 1962 to 2000). Retreat rates of clean glaciers were −0.7% yr−1, almost double than those of debris-covered glaciers (−0.3% yr−1). Debris-covered tongues experienced an average lowering of −30.8 m ± 39 m from 1960's to 2000's (−0.8 m ± 0.9 m yr−1), with enhanced thinning rates in the upper part of the debris covered area, and overall thickening at the glacier termini.

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