scholarly journals Pragmatism and Existential Philosophy

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-118
Author(s):  
Hans Lipps ◽  
Jason Hills
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Martin Heidegger ◽  
Friedrich Nietzsche ◽  
John Dewey ◽  
Soren Kierkegaard ◽  
William James ◽  
Existential Philosophy

Hans Lipps compares pragmatism (William James and John Dewey) existentialism (Friedrich Nietzsche, Soren Kierkegaard, and Martin Heidegger) in this 1936 article translated from French.  He claims that they aim at the same goals, e.g., a return to lived experience and a rejection of the Cartesian legacy in philosophy.  While summarizing the commonalities of each, he engages in a polemic against philosophy then that remains relevant now into the next century.

scholarly journals Sobre la importancia del método en la formación filosófica.

Protrepsis ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 19-42
Author(s):  
José Alfonso Villa Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Martin Heidegger ◽  
Friedrich Nietzsche ◽  
Ludwig Wittgenstein ◽  
David Hume ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Soren Kierkegaard ◽  
Max Horkheimer ◽  
Hans Georg Gadamer

La formación profesional en filosofía debe poner la misma atención al contenido de los filósofos estudiados que al método del que dichos filósofos se valen, pues unas ideas se dejan expresar de unos modos mejor que de otros, y unos problemas filosóficos reclaman ser tratados más con un género literario que con otro. De manera que el método en filosofía no es un asunto menor en la formación del profesional de la filosofía. El presente estudio profundiza en el método utilizado por algunos pensadores consagrados en la historia de la filosofía, tomando como ejemplo algún fragmento significativo de su producción. Se trata de autores de la talla de Platón, Santo Tomás de Aquino y Søren Kierkegaard, David Hume, Friedrich Nietzsche y Ludwig Wittgenstein, Karl Marx y el trabajo conjunto de Max Horkheimer y Theodor W. Adorno, Martin Heidegger y Hans-Georg Gadamer.

Introduction: Plato’s Nightmare

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Marmysz
Keyword(s):  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
Martin Heidegger ◽  
Friedrich Nietzsche ◽  
Objective Reality

This introductory chapter examines the “problem” of nihilism, beginning with its philosophical origins in the ideas of Plato, Immanuel Kant, Friedrich Nietzsche and Martin Heidegger. It is argued that film is an inherently nihilistic medium involving the evocation of illusory worlds cut loose from objective reality. This nihilism of film is distinguished from nihilism in film; the nihilistic content also present in some (but not all) movies. Criticisms of media nihilism by authors such as Thomas Hibbs and Darren Ambrose are examined. It is then argued, contrary to such critics, that cinematic nihilism is not necessarily degrading or destructive. Because the nihilism of film encourages audiences to linger in the presence of nihilism in film, cinematic nihilism potentially trains audiences to learn the positive lessons of nihilism while remaining safely detached from the sorts of dangers depicted on screen.

Empiricisms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Allen
Keyword(s):  
John Dewey ◽  
Gilles Deleuze ◽  
William James ◽  
Natural Philosophy ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Chinese Tradition ◽  
Experimental Practice ◽  
European Philosophy ◽  
History Of

Empiricisms reassesses the values of experience and experiment in European philosophy and comparatively. It traces the history of empirical philosophy from its birth in Greek medicine to its emergence as a philosophy of modern science. A richly detailed account in Part I of history’s empiricisms establishes a context in Part II for reconsidering the work of the so-called radical empiricists—William James, Henri Bergson, John Dewey, and Gilles Deleuze, each treated in a dedicated chapter. What is “radical” about their work is to return empiricism from epistemology to the ontology and natural philosophy where it began. Empiricisms also sets empirical philosophy in conversation with Chinese tradition, considering technological, scientific, medical, and alchemical sources, as well as selected Confucian, Daoist, and Mohist classics. The work shows how philosophical reflection on experience and a profound experimental practice coexist in traditional China with no interaction or even awareness of each other. Empiricism is more multi-textured than philosophers tend to assume when we explain it to ourselves and to students. One purpose of Empiricisms is to recover the neglected context. A complementary purpose is to elucidate the value of experience and arrive at some idea of what is living and dead in philosophical empiricism.

Constructive realism: In defense of the objective reality of perspectives

Human Affairs ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Madzia
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
John Dewey ◽  
William James ◽  
Cognitive Sciences ◽  
Objective Reality ◽  
Constructive Realism ◽  
Neural Processes ◽  
The World ◽  
Epistemological Position ◽  
Epistemological Realism

AbstractThe paper proposes an outline of a reconciliatory approach to the perennial controversy between epistemological realism and anti-realism (constructionism). My main conceptual source in explaining this view is the philosophy of pragmatism, more specifically, the epistemological theories of George H. Mead, John Dewey, and also William James’ radical empiricism. First, the paper analyzes the pragmatic treatment of the goal-directedness of action, especially with regard to Mead’s notion of attitudes, and relates it to certain contemporary epistemological theories provided by the cognitive sciences (Maturana, Rizzolatti, Clark). Against this background, the paper presents a philosophical as well as empirical justification of why we should interpret the environment and its objects in terms of possibilities for action. In Mead’s view, the objects and events of our world emerge within stable patterns of organism-environment interactions, which he called “perspectives”. According to pragmatism as well as the aforementioned cognitive scientists, perception and other cognitive processes include not only neural processes in our heads but also the world itself. Elaborating on Mead’s concept of perspectives, the paper argues in favor of the epistemological position called “constructive realism.”

Pragmatic Bioethics, by Glenn McGee, ed. Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Press, 1999. 320 pp. $19.95

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-295
Author(s):  
Mark Moller
Keyword(s):  
John Dewey ◽  
William James ◽  
The Other ◽  
Collective Goal ◽  
Vanderbilt University

Classical American pragmatists, such as William James, John Dewey, and C. S. Peirce, have had little influence on the development of bioethics. Glenn McGee and the other authors whose essays make up this book believe that this is a mistake. They maintain that the work of these pragmatists constitutes an original and effective method for understanding and resolving bioethical dilemmas. Their collective goal is to convince the rest of us that they are right.

scholarly journals Pragmatismo e economia: elementos filosóficos para uma interpretação do discurso econômico

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 637-661
Author(s):  
Paulo Gala ◽  
Danilo Araújo Fernandes ◽  
José Márcio Rego
Keyword(s):  
John Dewey ◽  
William James ◽  
Richard Rorty ◽  
Charles Sanders Peirce ◽  
Thorstein Veblen ◽  
Milton Friedman

Partindo do debate atual sobre retórica em economia, o trabalho tem por objetivo trazer elementos da corrente filosófica do pragmatismo para a discussão metodológica entre economistas, particularmente no que diz respeito à teoria da verdade e suas implicações epistemológicas. Após apresentar as contribuições dos pioneiros da filosofia pragmatista, William James, John Dewey e Charles Sanders Peirce, e discutir aspectos da obra de Willard Quine e Richard Rorty, procura identificar influências dessa corrente filosófica em importantes economistas tais como John M. Keynes, Milton Friedman e Thorstein Veblen. Por fim conclui com algumas reflexões possivelmente úteis para a prática da ciência econômica.

scholarly journals Maneiras de pesquisar no cotidiano: contribuição da teoria do ator-rede

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (spe) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald João Jacques Arendt
Keyword(s):  
John Dewey ◽  
William James ◽  
Bruno Latour

A partir da temática geral do XI Simpósio da ANPEPP"Maneiras de pesquisar no cotidiano: contribuições para a formação em pesquisa em Psicologia", e tendo em vista a participação do autor no GT "Cotidiano e Práticas Sociais" da ANPEPP, este texto busca descrever a prática de formação em pesquisa a partir da teoria do ator-rede. Após efetuar a recensão de um texto de Bruno Latour, um diálogo entre um professor e um aluno em que são expostas as principais características da prática de pesquisa no âmbito desta abordagem, o autor busca precisar o posicionamento epistemológico-metodológico da referida teoria assim como suas raízes fundadas na filosofia pragmática, descrevendo sucintamente algumas proposições de William James e John Dewey.

scholarly journals Ser sí mismo auténtico. Existencia, facticidad e instante

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 91-109
Author(s):  
María Cielo Aucar
Keyword(s):  
Martin Heidegger ◽  
Soren Kierkegaard

Desde una perspectiva ontológico-existencial, el artículo pretende poner en evidencia algunos de los rasgos constitutivos del ser sí mismo auténtico en el pensamiento de Søren Kierkegaard y su respectiva recepción en la obra temprana de Martin Heidegger, específicamente Sein und Zeit. Para ello se propone, en primer lugar, llevar a cabo el análisis fenomenológico-hermenéutico de la noción kierkegaardiana de sí mismo como espíritu, así como de la noción heideggeriana de Dasein, para concluir en un diálogo crítico-hermenéutico entre ambos pensadores en torno a tal cuestión.

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