scholarly journals Opdragelsens filosofi: Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Immanuel Kant, Søren Kierkegaard, Friedrich Nietzsche og John Dewey om kunsten at opdrage

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Dræby Sørensen
Keyword(s):  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
Friedrich Nietzsche ◽  
John Dewey ◽  
Soren Kierkegaard

scholarly journals Pragmatism and Existential Philosophy

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-118
Author(s):  
Hans Lipps ◽  
Jason Hills
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Martin Heidegger ◽  
Friedrich Nietzsche ◽  
John Dewey ◽  
Soren Kierkegaard ◽  
William James ◽  
Existential Philosophy

Hans Lipps compares pragmatism (William James and John Dewey) existentialism (Friedrich Nietzsche, Soren Kierkegaard, and Martin Heidegger) in this 1936 article translated from French.  He claims that they aim at the same goals, e.g., a return to lived experience and a rejection of the Cartesian legacy in philosophy.  While summarizing the commonalities of each, he engages in a polemic against philosophy then that remains relevant now into the next century.

Introduction: Plato’s Nightmare

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Marmysz
Keyword(s):  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
Martin Heidegger ◽  
Friedrich Nietzsche ◽  
Objective Reality

This introductory chapter examines the “problem” of nihilism, beginning with its philosophical origins in the ideas of Plato, Immanuel Kant, Friedrich Nietzsche and Martin Heidegger. It is argued that film is an inherently nihilistic medium involving the evocation of illusory worlds cut loose from objective reality. This nihilism of film is distinguished from nihilism in film; the nihilistic content also present in some (but not all) movies. Criticisms of media nihilism by authors such as Thomas Hibbs and Darren Ambrose are examined. It is then argued, contrary to such critics, that cinematic nihilism is not necessarily degrading or destructive. Because the nihilism of film encourages audiences to linger in the presence of nihilism in film, cinematic nihilism potentially trains audiences to learn the positive lessons of nihilism while remaining safely detached from the sorts of dangers depicted on screen.

scholarly journals Permasalahan Iman : Kritik Atas Iman Dalam Filsafat Barat dan Tawaran Jawaban

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Setyo Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
Martin Heidegger ◽  
Friedrich Nietzsche ◽  
Infinite Horizon ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Existence Of God ◽  
Auguste Comte ◽  
Human Desire ◽  
New Situation ◽  
Fallacious Reasoning

<div><p><strong>Abstract :</strong> Faith becomes problematic in our modern world. In the age of secularization and emancipation man masters the Nature with his growing reason and ever developing technology. This new situation brings with itself a discredit toward faith and religion. Without refusing the existence of God, Immanuel Kant declares that theology is a paralogism (a fallacious reasoning). Auguste Comte corners the religion in the realm of infantile age to be overcomed by the progress of science. Meanwhile Friedrich Nietzsche, from his own view, analyses that the phenomenon of fanatism in religion hides the uncontrallble “need to believe” typically found among the weaks.The central critique of Martin Heidegger toward ontotheological metaphysics shows that theology defined as science does not think. Man of faith has already all the answer before a question is posed, therefore he cannot truly pariticipate in the question of Being. This article tries to consider these objections against faith. As an answer, this article offers to acknowledge “the act of believe” as an universal disposition in man. Much wider than his need to possess knowledge, man is driven by a desire for the infinite. Faith resumes this human desire for infinite.</p><p><em>Keywords : Emancipation, theology, metaphysics, faith, knowledge, way of belief, act of belief, passivity, infinite horizon, anthropological disposision.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p><strong>Abstrak :</strong> Iman menjadi problem di dunia modern. Gerak sekularisasi dan emansipasi manusia berkat perkembangan rasionya, yang tampak dalam penguasaan manusia atas alam lewat teknologi, membuat keyakinan pada Tuhan dianggap ketinggalan roh jaman. Meskipun tidak menolak Tuhan, Immanuel Kant menganggap bahwa teologi adalah sebuah paralogisme. Auguste Comte tegas-tegas mengatakan bahwa jaman teologi dan agama adalah era kekanak-kanakan yang harus dilampaui demi kemajuan jaman. Friedrich Nietzsche memperingatkan bahwa fanatisme dalam agama adalah tanda besarnya kebutuhan manusia untuk percaya, yang tidak lain adalah kelemahan diri manusia. Kritikan besar Martin Heidegger kepada metafisika onto-teologis semakin menunjukkan inferioritas iman di depan pemikiran. Beriman artinya tidak bisa berpikir secara sungguh-sungguh. Artikel ini hendak menimbang keberatan-keberatan atas iman di atas dan sekaligus menawarkan bahwa “tindak percaya” adalah sesuatu yang secara antropologis menjadi disposisi setiap manusia. Lebih luas daripada obsesi pada “pengetahuan”, manusia memiliki hasrat akan ketakterbatasan yang menemukan ekspresinya dalam apa yang kita sebut sebagai iman.</p><p><em>Kata kunci : Emansipasi, teologi, metafisika, iman, pengetahuan, cara beriman, tindak percaya, pasitivitas, horison ketakterbatasan, disposisi antropologis.</em></p></div>

scholarly journals O sujeito do autor: o que aparece quando eu escrevo e desapareço?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Mauricio Winck Esteves ◽  
Luis Artur Costa
Keyword(s):  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
Friedrich Nietzsche ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Rene Descartes ◽  
René Descartes

O artigo parte da problematização da noção de sujeito no exercício da escrita para fazer uma crítica ao sujeito da modernidade. Reflete sobre a emergência desse sujeito moderno nas filosofias de René Descartes, Immanuel Kant e na psicanálise de Sigmund Freud, em suas articulações com os mecanismos disciplinares e biopolíticos, demonstrando a emergência de um triplo enlace entre autoria, culpa e propriedade. Ressalta a articulação na modernidade de duas tecnologias de produção do sujeito: a culpa e o alterocídio, duas faces do ressentimento as quais são apresentadas por Friedrich Nietzsche e Achille Mbembe. Por fim, desde a perspectiva dos modos de subjetivação, busca-se traçar algumas linhas de uma autoria no avesso do ressentimento moderno-colonial: uma autoinvenção coletiva.

scholarly journals O prazer da crítica: entre o julgamento e a avaliação // The pleasure of criticism: between judgment and evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Renata Cidreira
Keyword(s):  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
John Dewey ◽  
Aesthetic Experience ◽  
Roland Barthes

Resumo: O presente artigo procura compreender o lugar e o papel da crítica na atualidade, relacionando-a ao sentimento de prazer. Entre as questões que nos mobilizam destacamos: O julgamento envolvido na crítica, o qual reconhecemos como avaliação, também ele é regido, em alguma instância, pelo prazer? É possível escrever crítica de forma prazerosa e responsável a um só tempo? Que relação se estabelece entre o crítico e o prazer? Essas questões, certamente, nos forçarão a repensar a instância da crítica na própria experiência estética. Entre os autores que nos auxiliaram nesta pesquisa, encontram-se Immanuel Kant (1995), Luigi Pareyson (2001), John Dewey (2010), Roland Barthes (2004) e Hans Robert Jauss (2002), entre outros. Abstract: This article tries to understand the place and the role of criticism in the present, relating it to the feeling of pleasure. Among the questions that mobilize us are: Does the judgment involved in criticism, which we recognize as evaluation, is also governed by pleasure? Is it possible to write criticism pleasantly and responsibly at the same time? What relationship is established between critic and pleasure? These questions will certainly force us to rethink the instance of criticism in our own aesthetic experience. Among the authors who assisted us in this research are Immanuel Kant (1995), Luigi Pareyson (2001), John Dewey (2010), Roland Barthes (2004) and Hans Robert Jauss (2002), among others.

The Continental Cultural Tradition

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf H.A. Rushdy
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Friedrich Nietzsche ◽  
Soren Kierkegaard ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Max Scheler

This chapter argues that Continental existentialist philosophers of the nineteenth century—especially Søren Kierkegaard, Friedrich Nietzsche, and Max Scheler—developed another model of resentment as an emotion that was less focused on its possibly stimulating the desire for justice and more focused on self-involved spitefulness, envy, and rancor. In this philosophical tradition, philosophers who were both explicitly Christian and emphatically anti-Christian in their outlook examined resentment as a brooding antisocial passion whose origins they variously traced to the post-Napoleonic world, the first Abrahamic faith, or humanist Europe. Implied in their models of resentment is that it is a cultural and collective malaise.

THE IDEA OF PERSONALITY IN PHILOSOPHY OF IMMANUEL KANT, FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE, MAX SCHELER

2018 ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
V. Sabadukha
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
Friedrich Nietzsche ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hierarchical Approach ◽  
Max Scheler ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Theoretical Apparatus

The purpose of the article is to analyze the views of I. Kant, F. Nietzsche, and M. Scheler on the problem of personality in the context of the principle of spiritual hierarchy. To do this we need to solve the following problems: first, to make a comparative analysis of their views; and second, to formulate the main theses of the author's metaphysical concept of personality. To analyze the problem of personality, the methodology of knowledge of K. Mannheim and the ideas of P. Ricker have been applied. On the basis of the principle of the spiritual hierarchy, the author's understanding of the meaning of the concept of "personality" is formulated. The metaphysical concept of personality, revives the hierarchical approach to the understanding of a person, on the one hand, and, formulates a new theoretical apparatus for the enhanced understanding of a person and personality in particular, on the other hand. The proposed concept of personality lays the foundations for rethinking the content of the educational process, places on the agenda the study of mechanisms for the perfection of man and society.

Why Gold is Necessarily a Yellow Metal

2000 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 1-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
Friedrich Nietzsche ◽  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
A Priori ◽  
High Density ◽  
Oxford English Dictionary ◽  
Saul Kripke ◽  
Metallic Element ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Man

At least Kant thinks it's apartof the concept that gold is to be a yellow metal. He thinks that we know thisa priori, and that we could not discover it to be empirically false … Is Kant right about this? (Saul Kripke)Gold [is] … a yellow malleable ductile high density metallic element resistant to chemical reaction. (Oxford English Dictionary)Nature considered materially is the totality of all objects of experience. (Immanuel Kant,P, Ak. 4:295)Kant's joke. Kant wanted to prove in a way that would dumbfound the common man that the common man was right: that was the secret joke of this soul. (Friedrich Nietzsche)

The Philosophic Origins of Deliberative Ideals

2018 ◽  
pp. 54-69
Author(s):  
Simone Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
Deliberative Democracy ◽  
John Rawls ◽  
John Dewey ◽  
Democratic Theory ◽  
John Stuart Mill ◽  
American Pragmatism ◽  
The Core ◽  
Intellectual Heritage ◽  
The Way

Deliberative democracy is a relatively recent development in democratic theory. But the theorists and practitioners of deliberative democracy often reach far back for philosophical and theoretic resources to develop the core ideas. This chapter traces some of those sources and ideas. As deliberative democracy is itself a somewhat contested theory, the chapter does not present a linear story of intellectual heritage. Instead it draws on a variety of sometimes disparate sources to identify different ideals that become stressed in different versions of deliberation and deliberative democracy. The philosophic sources canvased include Aristotle, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Immanuel Kant, John Stuart Mill, John Dewey and American Pragmatism, John Rawls, and Jürgen Habermas. The chapter pays special attention to the way different philosophical sources speak to the balance between the epistemic and normative claims of deliberative democracy.

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