The aim of this study was to verify the effects of three different moderate exercise training protocols (aerobic, resistance and combined (aerobic + resistance)) in a model of metabolic syndrome and menopause on a cardiovascular parameter and oxidative stress. Female SHR rats were divided into (n=8): hypertensive (H), hypertensive ovariectomized submitted to fructose overload (100g/L in drinking water) (HFO), aerobic trained hypertensive ovariectomized submitted to fructose overload (AHOF), resistance trained hypertensive ovariectomized submitted to fructose overload (RHOF) and combined trained hypertensive ovariectomized submitted to fructose overload (CHOF). Arterial pressure (AP) signals were directly recorded. Vascular autonomic modulation was evaluated by spectral analysis. The cardiac oxidative stress was evaluated by lipoperoxidation (LPO) determination. The association of fructose overload and hormone deprivation promoted an increase in AP (HOF: 174±4 vs. H: 146±4 mmHg), heart rate (HOF: 393±10 vs. H: 352±13 bpm), VAR-SAP (HOF: 77.8±11.9 vs H: 31.1±2.6 mmHg2), LF-SAP (HOF: 10.6±2.3 vs H: 5.0±0.9 mmHg2) and LPO, and reduced baroreflex sensitivity (tachycardia response: HOF: 1.06±0.06 vs. H: 1.91±0.17 bpm/mmHg). All exercise training protocols were able to reduce LPO and LF-SAP. It was noted that only the combined exercise training was able in reducing AP (CHOF: 158±4 mm Hg) and heart rate (CHOF: 303±5 bpm). The AP reduction noted only in the CHOF group may be associated with an improve in baroreflex sensitivity, represented by an increase of tachycardic response observed only in the CHOF (1.62±0.1 bpm/mmHg) and in the AHOF (1.54 ±0.07 bpm/mmHg) groups and a reduction of VAR-PAS observed only in the CHOF (30.31±3.85 mmHg
2
) and in the RHOF (31±2.65 mmHg
2
) groups. In conclusion, fructose overload induced impairment in hemodynamic, vascular autonomic control and increased oxidative stress in hypertensive rats submitted to ovarian hormones deprivation. However, all exercise training protocols showed a beneficial role. Moreover, the combined exercise training showed additional improvement, suggesting that this could be a better approach than isolated aerobic and resistance training.
Effects of a 12-week Combined Exercise Training Program on the Body Composition, Physical Fitness Levels, and Metabolic Syndrome Profiles of Obese Women
