scholarly journals PERITRAUMATIC FACTORS AND POSTTRAUMATIC SYMPTOMS IN CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE CASES

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
Raitis Eglītis ◽  
Dace Landmane
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychological Outcome ◽  
Legal Professionals ◽  
Posttraumatic Symptoms ◽  
Type Of Abuse ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Demographical Data

Health and legal professionals are aware of adverse effects child sexual abuse (CSA) can have on child development as well as the individual differences in severity of psychological outcomes. The objective of this pilot study was to identify possible explanations that could account for the CSA psychological outcome variability and give insights for further research. A sample of 25 Russian speaking girls by the decision of the person directing the proceedings were recognized as CSA victims and were assigned to psychological or complex psychiatric and psychological expert examination. During examination demographical data was collected and several self-report measures regarding peritraumatic and posttraumatic experiences were applied. Correlation analysis revealed that the only demographical characteristic associated with posttraumatic symptoms (familiarity with abuser, type of abuse, age at onset of abuse, time after last episode) was age at onset of abuse. Peritraumatic measures overall were associated with all of the posttraumatic symptoms and stepwise regression analysis showed that age at onset of abuse and peritraumatic experiences explained nearly 50% of variation of several posttraumatic symptoms. Further research directions are discussed.

Child Sexual Abuse in the Catholic Church

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 658-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. White ◽  
Karen J. Terry
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Excessive Force ◽  
Police Organization ◽  
Sex Abuse ◽  
Police Deviance ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

The Catholic Church response to its sexual abuse crisis and how the problem should be addressed parallels the “rotten apple” assertions of police deviance. The rotten apple theory, however, does not fully explain police deviance, as there are often also structural explanations. This article employs Kappeler, Sluder, and Alpert's (1998) police deviance framework to characterize and understand the Catholic Church sex abuse scandal, drawing specific comparisons to the intentional use of excessive force by police. Though the analogy has limitations, there are similarities at both the individual and organizational levels, particularly because the Church has implemented accountability mechanisms similar to the police. The article concludes with a discussion of lessons the Church can learn from the police organization as they seek to prevent, control, and effectively respond to sexual abuse of children by their clergy.

scholarly journals School Nurses Avoid Addressing Child Sexual Abuse

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisbet Engh Kraft ◽  
GullBritt Rahm ◽  
Ulla-Britt Eriksson
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sexually Abused ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
School Nurses ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Abused Children ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
The Individual

Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a global public health problem with major consequences for the individual child and society. An earlier Swedish study showed that the school nurses did not initially talk about nor mention CSA as one form of child abuse. For the child to receive adequate support, the disclosure is a precondition and is dependent on an available person prepared to listen. The aim of the study was to explore the ability of the school nurses to detect and support sexually abused children. It is a secondary analysis of focus group interviews with school nurses. Thematic analysis was performed. Results showed that the school nurses avoided addressing CSA due to arousal of strong emotions, ambivalence, and a complicated disclosure process. In order to detect CSA and support abused children, attentiveness of sexual abuse as a possible cause of physical and mental ill-health is crucial.

scholarly journals Mother reports of maternal support following child sexual abuse: Preliminary psychometric data on the Maternal Self-report Support Questionnaire (MSSQ)

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 784-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel W. Smith ◽  
Genelle K. Sawyer ◽  
Lisa M. Jones ◽  
Theodore Cross ◽  
Michael R. McCart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Maternal Support ◽  
Psychometric Data

Differences in Trauma Symptoms and Family Functioning in Intra-and Extrafamilial Sexually Abused Adolescents

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Bal ◽  
Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij ◽  
Geert Crombez ◽  
Paulette Van Oost
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Family Functioning ◽  
Sexually Abused ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Semistructured Interview ◽  
Trauma Symptoms ◽  
Type Of Abuse ◽  
Clinically Significant

This study investigated to what extent abuse-related symptoms and family functioning are related to intra- or extrafamilial sexual abuse. One hundred adolescents (12 to 18 years old) were recruited shortly after disclosure of the abuse. Information from the participants was obtained through self-report questionnaires and a semistructured interview. Fifty-three percent of the adolescents reported clinically significant symptoms. Data did not support the idea that intrafamilial sexually abused adolescents report more symptoms than extrafamilial sexually abused adolescents. Type of abuse did not account for the differences and variety of reported symptoms or for differences in family functioning. Family functioning—in particular, lack of cohesion— was an independent contributor to internalizing trauma-related problems.

scholarly journals Child Sexual Abuse and Exploitation: Guest Editor’s Introduction

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Michael Salter
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Royal Commission ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
The Individual

One of the most unnerving aspects of child sexual abuse is that it is constantly manifesting in unexpected ways. The current Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse has collected testimony of abuse in churches, schools, out-of-home care, hospitals and religious communities, demonstrating the breadth of institutional arrangements whose structures and cultures have facilitated child sexual abuse. Cases of serious and prolonged sexual abuse in family contexts have been excluded from the terms of reference of the Royal Commission but nonetheless continue to surface in media reports. In 2013, twelve children were permanently removed from an extended family living in rural NSW in what has been described as one of the worst cases of child abuse in Australia, involving intergenerational incest going back at least three generations (Auebach 2014). Another recent high-profile case involved the use of the Internet to facilitate the sexual exploitation of an adopted child by his parents in Queensland (Ralston 2013). These cases challenge the received wisdom that child sexual abuse is characterised by the victimisation of one child by one opportunistic offender. Such incidents suggest instead that child sexual abuse takes varied and systemic forms, and can operate to perpetuate and entrench toxic cultures and power structures.   This special issue on Child Sexual Abuse and Exploitation is a timely contribution to ongoing efforts to understand the multiplicity of child sexual abuse. It is an interdisciplinary collection of insights drawn from criminology, sociology, psychiatry, psychology and psychoanalysis, and includes papers from academic researchers alongside academic practitioners whose writing is grounded in their work with affected individuals and communities. A key aim of the special issue is to contextualise the diversity of child sexual abuse socially, politically and historically, recognising the dynamic and iterative relationships between sexual abuse and the contexts in which it takes place. The contributions to this special issue examine how the diversity and dynamics of abuse unfold at the individual, community and social level, and across time. The issue is focused on emerging or under-recognised forms of child sexual abuse, such as organised abuse and sexual exploitation, which illustrate recent shifts in the knowledge base and require new and innovative criminological thinking.Download the PDF file from this page to find out more about this special edition.

scholarly journals Child Sexual Abuse and Age at Onset of Psychotic Disorders: A Matched-cohort Study: L’âge d’apparition des troubles psychotiques chez les victimes d’agression sexuelle à l’enfance: Une étude prospective de cohortes appariées

2020 ◽  
pp. 070674372097085
Author(s):  
Catherine Bourgeois ◽  
Tania Lecomte ◽  
Pierre McDuff ◽  
Isabelle Daigneault
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
General Population ◽  
Sexually Abused ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Matched Cohort

Objective: Victims of child sexual abuse (CSA) present with a higher risk of psychotic disorders. However, the developmental course of psychosis following CSA, such as the age at onset, remains unknown. This study aimed to determine whether the age at onset of psychotic disorders was influenced by sexual abuse, sex, and confounding factors (substance misuse, intellectual disability, and socioeconomic status). Method: A prospective matched-cohort design was used, with administrative databases from a child protection agency (CPA) and a public health system. Children who received a substantiated report of CSA at the CPA and whose health data could be retrieved were selected ( n = 882) and matched with children from the general population using their date of birth, sex, and geographical area. Survival analysis was performed to estimate the association between sexual abuse, sex, and confounding factors and the age at onset of psychotic disorders. Results: Sexual abuse and substance misuse are significantly associated with the age at onset of psychotic disorders. In the sexually abused group, only substance misuse is associated with the age at onset of psychotic disorders, but this was not significant for the general population. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of prevention of psychotic disorders among sexually abused youth, especially those with a substance misuse diagnosis.

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