scholarly journals Investigating the Importance of Tunnel Lighting and its Role in Reducing Traffic Accidents

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (29) ◽  
pp. 39-57
Author(s):  
Massoud Danishmal ◽  
◽  
Zainullah Serat ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
System Failure ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Road Tunnels ◽  
The World ◽  
Risk Potential ◽  
Tunnel Entrance

Traffic safety is a major concern worldwide. Road accidents are the ninth leading cause of death in the world. Tunnel accidents are less common than road accidents. However, the severity of the accidents is more severe. One of the key factors in preventing accidents in road tunnels is proper lighting system. Failure to pay attention to this issue causes the phenomenon of black hole when approaching the tunnel, visual mismatch inside the tunnel and the phenomenon of glowing hole when leaving the tunnel. The creation of these factors has increased the risk potential at the entrance and exit of the tunnel up to 4 times the middle area of the tunnel. At the entrance to the tunnel, the reflection of sunlight from the surroundings and the lack of sufficient light usually cause some vision problems. It may lead to drivers' eyes not adapting to changing the brightness level at the tunnel entrance, thus increasing the risk of road accidents in this area. The aim of this study was to evaluate the lighting safety in very long road tunnels based on the visual adaptation of drivers in the tunnels. In this paper, first, generalities about tunnel safety are stated and using the CIE88-2004 standard, the required luminosity in the threshold, transition, interior and exit areas of the tunnel is designed. Finally, solutions are proposed to increase the safety of tunnels.

scholarly journals Road Transport Accidents in Nigeria and the Role of Automotive Active Safety System

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Olasunkanmi Oriola Akinyemi ◽  
Hezekiah O Adeyemi ◽  
Olusegun Jinadu
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Active Safety ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Road Traffic Safety

Abstract Analysis of road traffic accidents revealed that most accidents are as a result of drivers’ errors. Over the years, active safety systems (ASS) were devised in vehicle to reduce the high level of road accidents, caused by human errors, leading to death and injuries. This study however evaluated the impacts of ASS inclusions into vehicles in Nigeria road transportation network. The objectives was to measure how ASS contributed to making driving safer and enhanced transport safety. Road accident data were collected, for a period of eleven years, from Lagos State Ministry of Economic Planning and Budget, Central Office of Statistics. Quantitative analysis of the retrospective accident was conducted by computing the proportion of yearly number of vehicles involved in road accident to the total number of vehicles for each year. Results of the analysis showed that the proportion of vehicles involved in road accidents decreased from 16 in 1996 to 0.89 in 2006, the injured persons reduced from 15.58 in 1998 to 0.3 in 2006 and the death rate diminished from 4.45 in 1998 to 0.1 in 2006. These represented 94.4 %, 95 % and 95 % improvement respectively on road traffic safety. It can therefore be concluded that the inclusions of ASS into design of modern vehicles had improved road safety in Nigeria automotive industry.

Profiling of High-Frequency Accident Locations by Use of Association Rules

2003 ◽  
Vol 1840 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolien Geurts ◽  
Geert Wets ◽  
Tom Brijs ◽  
Koen Vanhoof
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Association Rules ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Data Mining Algorithm ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Black Spots

In Belgium, traffic safety is one of the government's highest priorities. The identification and profiling of black spots and black zones (geographical locations with high concentrations of traffic accidents) in terms of accident-related data and location characteristics must provide new insights into the complexity and causes of road accidents, which, in turn, provide valuable input for governmental actions. Association rules were used to identify accident-related circumstances that frequently occur together at high-frequency accident locations. Furthermore, these patterns were analyzed and compared with frequently occurring accident-related characteristics at low-frequency accident locations. The strength of this approach lies with the identification of relevant variables that make a strong contribution toward obtaining a better understanding of accident circumstances and the discerning of descriptive accident patterns from more discriminating accident circumstances to profile black spots and black zones. This data-mining algorithm is particularly useful in the context of large data sets for road accidents, since data mining can be described as the extraction of information from large amounts of data. The results showed that human and behavioral aspects are of great importance in the analysis of frequently occurring accident patterns. These factors play an important role in identifying traffic safety problems in general. However, the accident characteristics that were the most discriminating between high-frequency and low-frequency accident locations are mainly related to infrastructure and location.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Nowruz 2016 and Nowruz 2017 Accidents Data in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Abdolmajid Rahmani Daranjani ◽  
◽  
Mahmoud Rezaeizadeh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The World ◽  
On The Road

Background: Road traffic accidents are currently among the most essential public health issues. According to the World Health Organization, given the rapid growth of road transport globally, road traffic accidents could be the third leading cause of death and disability in the world by 2020. This article examined the role of the human factor in road accidents during the Nowruz holidays, as a major cultural event in Iran. Materials and Methods: We explored the data of road accidents that occurred in Nowruz in 2016 and 2017 in Iran. Traffic accident data concerning the Nowruz holidays of 2016 and 2017 were collected by census method of sampling and based on the report of highway police. Additionally, the frequency of these accidents was analyzed according to travel time, accident type, gender, age, education, and vehicle type in different provinces. Results: The present study findings suggested that among human factors affecting Nowruz accidents in 2016 and 2017, the highest frequency belonged to unnecessary speeding. As in 2016 and 2017, it was the main responsible characteristic for 56.42% and 55.01% of accidents, respectively. In Nowruz 2016, the provinces of Tehran, Khorasan Razavi, Isfahan, Fars, and Khuzestan; in Nowruz 2017, the provinces of Tehran, Isfahan, Khorasan Razavi, Fars, and Gilan encountered the highest rates of accidents leading to injuries and deaths. Conclusion: To control unnecessary speeding and regulations disregard, planning for culturizing and the community-level education are suggested. Besides, increasing the quality and intelligence of vehicles and the construction of sliders, vertical lines on the road, warning signs, and billboards could help reduce the rate of accidents. Creating a working group of experts in psychology, traffic, etc., to study the pathology of dangerous behaviors, useless haste, and disregard for regulations and providing solutions could also be effective.

scholarly journals Identification of Risk Factors Influencing Road Traffic Accidents

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 2417-2421 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Touahmia
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
World Health ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
The World ◽  
Traffic Law Enforcement ◽  
Health Organization

Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are becoming a major problem around the world, incurring enormous losses of human and economic resources. Recent reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) reveal that each year more than 1.25 million people are killed and 50 million are injured in road traffic accidents worldwide. In Saudi Arabia, statistics show that at least one traffic accident occurs every minute, causing up to 7,000 deaths and over 39,000 injuries annually. In this study, the main causes of RATs in the province of Hail are examined. The data was collected through the use of a survey which was developed to evaluate the effect of influencing parameters on RTA rate. The results show that 67% of RTAs result from human factors, 29% from road conditions and 4% from vehicle defects. Excessive speed and violation of traffic rules and regulations were found to be the main causes of RATs. Low rates of compliance with speed limit signs and seat-belt regulations were also observed. These findings highlight the need of strengthening effective traffic law enforcement alongside with improving traffic safety and raising public awareness.

scholarly journals Road Traffic Safety Analysis Of Different Junction Types On The State Roads

2021 ◽  
Vol 1202 (1) ◽  
pp. 012034
Author(s):  
Valentina Amare ◽  
Juris Smirnovs
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Capacity ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The highest number of road accidents occurs at junctions. One of the aims of traffic organisation is to improve traffic safety in these areas. Based on a variety of indices – road capacity, points of conflict, number, and severity of road traffic accidents – different alternatives for junctions are evaluated. However, the road network has many junctions and roads serve to travel from point "A" to point "B" at a given time. Therefore, one of the most important tasks when addressing the issue of road safety is to find a rational way of improving the safety without losing the importance of the road. The aim of this paper is to analyse the impact of different junctions on the road network and basing on actual data develop a method for the evaluation of different types of junctions with respect to road class.

scholarly journals Przedsiębiorczość a bezpieczeństwo ruchu drogowego

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 270-277
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Ożdżyński
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
National Council ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
National Education ◽  
The Road ◽  
Government Institutions

The article presents examples of activities and enterprising attitudes researched by the author in the field of the enterprise in the improvement of the road safety.  There are also presented the examples of enterprising activities of many institutions interested in this matter - from government-institutions, including the Department of the National Education, the Department of Transport and Building, the National Council of Traffic Safety, provincial Centres of Road Traffic, the Police and schools, to the over government institutions like European Parliament and Council and private driving schools.  The author presents the system of education about traffic safety - puts emphasis on activities of the driving schools - as an example of enterprising activities. The article gives examples of protecting pedestrians in road accidents. The article compares also the chosen indicators concerning traffic accidents in Poland and in chosen countries of the European Union in years 2000-2004.

scholarly journals The Development of Data Warehouse to Support Data Mining Technique for Traffic Accident Prediction

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 12007
Author(s):  
Budiawan Wiwik ◽  
Singgih Saptadi ◽  
Ary Arvianto
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Data Warehouse ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Accident Prediction ◽  
The World

Traffic accidents are one of the major health problems that cause serious death in the world and ranks 9th in the world. Traffic accidents in Indonesia ranks 5th in the world. One effort to improve traffic safety is to design traffic accident prediction models. Prediction models will utilize accident-related data in traffic through data mining processing. The data warehouse offers benefits as a basis for data mining. Building an effective data warehouse requires knowledge and attention to key issues in database design, data acquisition and processing, as well as data access and security. This study is the first step in the development of data mining accidents based prediction system. The output of this initial stage is the design of data warehouses that can provide periodic and incidental data to the data mining process, especially in the prediction of accidents. The method used to design data warehouse is Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD).

scholarly journals ESTABLISHMENT OF CAUSE AND EFFECT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN IMPROPER ARRANGEMENT OF TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT FACILITIES AND TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS OCCURRENCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 432-440
Author(s):  
V. Olkhov
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Forensic Investigation ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Effect Relationship ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
The Road

The daunting issues arising at experts and forensic bodies when appointing and conducting comprehensive road and pavement forensic investigation and road accident analysis (forensic expert examination) are considered. Types of traffic accidents provided by the statistics of the Department of Patrol Police of Ukraine are analyzed. A number of road accidents with victims committed in conditions of the road and settlements streets unsatisfactory state is defined.   More and more judicial and investigative bodies turn to forensic science institutes, in particular to KhRIFE, in order to determine whether the improper design of the road network affected the occurrence of an accident. In other words, the questions not only on the establishment of improper design of the road section where the accident occurred, but also on the existence of cause and effect relationship between the identified discrepancies and the accident are advanced for examination. The study of the above issues belongs to the forensic specialty 10.16 Road and Pavement Forensic Investigation. The demand for forensic research of improper design of the road network and the causes of accidents are constantly growing. At the same time, the practice of conducting road and pavement forensic investigation, namely the analysis of the materials provided for the study, shows that most criminal proceedings are investigated both while pre-trial investigation and in court for violation of traffic safety rules or transport operation by persons who drive vehicles. In the statistical report of the Department of Patrol Police of Ukraine, the data of road accidents are not classified as those that arose due to improper condition of roads and streets of settlements, and when conducting road and pavement forensic investigation it is established that improper design of the road network is in cause and effect relationship with the occurrence of an accident from a technical point of view.

scholarly journals Analysis of traffic accidents of young drivers in urban areas and measures to increase safety

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Predrag Brlek ◽  
Ljudevit Krpan ◽  
Ivan Cvitković ◽  
Krunoslav Lukačić
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Young Drivers ◽  
Road Users ◽  
The Republic

Traffic accidents are considered the first cause of death of young people, that is, young drivers. Therefore, this problem needs to be given a lot of attention. Traffic accident which include young drivers must be analyzed as an element of the system, and it is necessary to analyze and investigate potential solutions and improve all elements in order to improve the system itself. In the Republic of Croatia, for the first time in 2004, the term "YOUNG DRIVER" as a driver of a motor vehicle up to the age of 24, who holds a drivers license issued in the Republic of Croatia, was introduced into the Road Traffic Safety Act. The share of young drivers in the population in the Republic of Croatia is 4.3%. Young drivers make up about eight percent of road users, causing a total of 9.6% of traffic accidents, or 12.5% of those with fatalities. This paper will deal with traffic safety in other countries, especially in the surrounding countries. According to statistics related to road accidents, young drivers are over-represented and are at greater risk to themselves, passengers and other participants than other drivers. There is a need to respond in a timely manner and to adopt optimal measures to improve the safety of young drivers in road traffic and thus for the safety of other road users. The aim of this paper is to outline measures that would reduce the number of road accidents involving young drivers, especially in urban areas.

scholarly journals Design and Implementation of Educational Application for Directorate of Traffic Safety, Oman

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halima AL Hamdania ◽  
Noof Al Saadi ◽  
Eqtibas Al-Moqbali ◽  
Vikas Rao Naidu ◽  
Raza Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Sultanate Of Oman ◽  
The Public ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
The World ◽  
Spiral Model ◽  
Safety Procedures

The world always faces multiple risk factors due to an increase in traffic accidents. This leads to the death of many people. Some of them get seriously injured and get permanent disabilities due to the negligence of persons in following traffic safety procedures. The General Directorate of Traffic in the Sultanate of Oman is responsible for regulating traffic in the country by monitoring the movement of traffic in the streets of inside cities and outside to preserve the safety of traffic in the streets of the Sultanate of Oman. This research paper aims to provide a solution in educating Omani residents about teaching driving laws, especially in Oman. The solution will raise awareness in the society with the rules and laws related to traffic safety. In order to justify and support the requirements of this research, the researchers  conducted interviews and surveys among the public. The methods of data collection included questionnaires and interviews. The analysis showed that majority of the audience who participated in surveys strongly agreed that such kind of education system for the residents was really essential so that they could learn about the importance of traffic rules and regulations right from their childhood. Finally, the researchers have proposed to develop a mobile app, which would be one of its kind and exclusive in Oman by Royal Oman Police (ROP) – Traffic Safety Unit. The methodology used in the development of this project would be the spiral model. Relevant literature was reviewed in order to study the existing system and also the similar systems which are existing around the world.

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