scholarly journals Education in Korea: Efficiency vs. Equity

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (0) ◽  
pp. 53-68
Author(s):  
Dong-Kun Kim ◽  
Joong-Ryul Kim
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
The United States ◽  
Human Capital Theory ◽  
Labor Income ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Labor Market Segmentation ◽  
Policy Tool ◽  
Labor Quality

This paper attempts to analyse the effects of education on income distribution in Korea. The human capital theory suggests that an unequal distribution can be reduced by improving the distribution of education because variations in labor income are due to the differences in labor quality in terms of the amount of human capital, especially education, acquired by the workers. On the other hand, a general skepticism about the role of education also can be observed. Thurow, for instance, has shown that in the United States, a country which is a prominent example of educational expansion, schooling has had only a negligible effect in reducing income inequality, although education constitutes one of the key elements in economic growth. Critics of human capital theory, one example is the labor market segmentation theory, asserts that education cannot improve earnings inequality unless other institutional factors, such as occupational earnings structure, are changed. By investigating those two approaches, we can assess whether education can be used as a policy tool to improve the earnings distribution.

Different Country, Same Work

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew A. Painter ◽  
Matthew R. Sanderson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Mexican Immigrants ◽  
The United States ◽  
Human Capital Theory ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Capital Theory

This study builds on recent work investigating the process of migration channeling between analogous sectors of the Mexican and U.S. labor markets. In this study, the authors take up the question of whether channeling between Mexico and the United States promotes immigrants’ economic integration. Drawing on previous research on channeling, and using insights from human capital theory, the authors test the hypothesis that immigrants who are able to use their industry-specific knowledge, skills, and abilities acquired in Mexico within the same industry in the United States achieve higher levels of economic integration. Using a sample of Mexican immigrants from the New Immigrant Survey, we find that industrially channeled immigrants experience a wage premium of over $5,000, on average, in the United States. Our study concludes with a discussion of what industrial channeling means for Mexican immigrants’ broader integration into U.S. society.

scholarly journals Determinants of the wage gap in Ecuador: analysis under a minceriano model related to dummy aggregate variables

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (29) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Jorge Luis López Lapo ◽  
Germania Sarmiento Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Wage Gap ◽  
Human Capital Theory ◽  
Labor Income ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Secondary Information

Introduction The Human Capital Theory exposes that inequality in labor income is due to different factors, including productivity and education. Objectiveanalyze income inequality in the Ecuadorian labor market. The research takes data from the National Employment, Unemployment and Underemployment Survey of INEC estimating the Mincerian equation (1974) by adding dummy variables.Materials and methods The research takes data of secondary information that rests in the ENEMDU survey updated to December 2018 that includes the characteristics of the EAP in Ecuador. Resultscharacterization of the gender variable, schooling positively influences their hourly wages. Discussion Regarding the gender variable, this long term of not correcting the salary differences may have an impact on old age. ConclusionsWhen there is gender discrimination, it is imperative to identify and quantify the jobs and professions to which women have access in a lesser proportion.

scholarly journals Screening and Human Capital Theory: An Empirical Test

2005 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 817-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Rohling
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Human Capital Theory ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Canadian Survey

This paper uses the Wiles test in an attempt to distinguish between the Human Capital and Screening theories on the role of higher education. Regressions on Canadian survey data reveal support for Human Capital theory at the expense of Screening theory.

scholarly journals Development of the Human Capital Theory in the 21st Century: Megatrends and the Russian Context

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-87
Author(s):  
Olga V. Kudelina ◽  
◽  
Irina B. Adova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
The United States ◽  
Human Capital Theory ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
New Era ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Bibliographic Search ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Capital Development

The authors review the development of the human capital theory with its four main stages in terms of components and the studied proxy variables: classical thoughts about investment in human capital, economic fundamental research in the field of human capital, research in the field of the theory of investment in human capital, the transformation of views on the theory of human capital. The established periodisation of the stages of human capital development shows that since 2010 a new era of human capital formation has been forming under changes in the paradigm of socioeconomic relations caused by the explosive growth of digital technologies and the pronounced individualisation of human labour, which has become less institutionalised. As a result of a bibliographic search, the authors found that more than half of the publications on human capital in the Scopus database (66.1%) cover the period from 2010 to 2020. The most active research in this area is conducted in the United States, the United Kingdom, China, Germany, and Russia. Research interests are expanding from socioeconomic sciences to computer science, engineering, the humanities, and environmental sciences.

scholarly journals The Role of Investment in Human Capital: Evolution Between Microeconomic and Macroeconomic Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Babacar NDIAYE
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Human Capital Investment ◽  
Human Capital Theory ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Long Time

It has been acknowledged for a long time that labour factor quality plays a significant role in the process of economic growth. The human capital theory that gained prominence notably with the works of Schultz (1961) and Becker (1964) underline that the knowledge gained by people is crucial to society, for education is an investment and a tool for improving productivity. The objective of this paper is to propose, in the neoclassical vision, a critical analysis of the developments and controversies surrounding human capital investment

scholarly journals Why recruit temporary sponsored skilled migrants? A human capital theory analysis of employer motivations in Australia

2020 ◽  
pp. 031289621989506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris F Wright ◽  
Andreea Constantin
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Human Capital Theory ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Survey Analysis ◽  
Theory Analysis ◽  
Worker Productivity ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Capital Theory

This article uses human capital theory to analyse employer motivations for recruiting skilled migrants on temporary sponsored visas, a group receiving limited attention within human resource management (HRM) scholarship despite being an increasingly important part of the workforce in many organisations and countries. We address this gap through a survey analysis of 1602 employer respondents who sponsored temporary skilled visa holders in Australia. The findings indicate that cost-effectiveness as a motivator for recruitment decisions can be achieved not only through HRM strategies to maximise worker productivity, as human capital theories emphasise, but also by identifying groups of workers perceived as harder working than other groups. The findings also draw attention to the role of government policy in this identification process, specifically visa regulations constraining the mobility of temporary sponsored skilled migrants, which allows employers to utilise these workers’ human capital effectively. JEL Classification: J61, M12, M51, O15

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