scholarly journals Performance Test of a Household Rocket Stoves Fired with Coconut Frond, Coconut Shell and Bamboo

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Almuzakkir . ◽  
Muhammad . ◽  
Adi Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Water Boiling Test ◽  
A Value

Fuel is something that is very important in everyday life. Almost every human being needs fuel to meet their needs and support their activities, for example cooking in household needs. Currently, fossil fuels or fuel oil (BBM) are still widely used to meet demand, however, it should be noted that fossil fuels or fuel oil (BBM) are non-renewable natural resources. The biomass rocket stove is one of the modern stove innovations that uses biomass energy as the main energy source. Rocket stoves are designed to increase fuel efficiency with thermal efficiency, a combination of the increased combustion efficiency and heat transfer associated with burning briquette fuel. The purpose of this research is to design and manufacture rocket stove fired with coconut and bamboo biomass for household needs as well as developing methods and equipment for performance testing of rocket stoves. In this study, several steps were carried out, including designing a rocket furnace, selecting biomass fuel and testing the performance of a rocket furnace. From the design of the biomass stove, it is noteworthy that the design with two holes makes the combustion air easily enters and makes combustion in the furnace more perfect and efficient. Water boiling test using three types of solid fuels with the cold start condition suggested that the highest thermal efficiency was coconut fronds with a value of 38% and the lowest thermal efficiency was found from coconut shell combustion, i.e. 22%. During hot start test, the highest thermal efficiency was obtained from coconut fronds firing with a value of 41%. Moreover, with simmer water boiling test method, firing the rocket stove with coconut fronds showed the highest thermal efficiency with a value of 37%. Keywords: Rocket Stoves, Coconut Fronds and Shells, Bamboo, Thermal Efficiency, .Water Boiling Tests.

Performance Test for Nanometer Accuracy Capacitance Displacement Sensor

2014 ◽  
Vol 609-610 ◽  
pp. 898-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Jun Cui ◽  
Xing Hua Qu ◽  
Yan Hui Kang
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Capacitive Sensor ◽  
Measuring Method ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Capacitance Sensor ◽  
Measurement Capability ◽  
Linearity Test ◽  
Better Than

In checking to see the performance of the nanometer accuracy capacitive sensor, some parameters, such as, the linearity, repeatability and so on are presented as the characterization parameters. Firstly, the series of test method and test devices is designed to measure and evaluate these parameters of a capacitance sensor. Secondly, the measuring setup is consisted by the traceable laser interferometer with high accuracy and nanometer micro-motion system. Finally, in order to meet the displacement linearity test, the measuring method is in line with the Abbe principle. Experimental results indicate that this approach and setup can realize in the best reference line to the minimum linearity is better than 0.01%, repeatability is better than that of 3.5nm, resolution is less than 0.3nm, measurement capability is more unwavering than 3nm. It can satisfy the measurement requirements of capacitance sensor performance testing with nanometer accuracy.

ULTRASONIC MEASUREMENTS OF BEEF BULLS IN PERFORMANCE-TESTING PROGRAMS

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. WILTON ◽  
T. D. BURGESS ◽  
T. R. BATRA
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Longissimus Muscle ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
A Value ◽  
Ultrasonic Measurements ◽  
Partial Correlations ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Beef Bulls ◽  
Thickness Measurements

Fat thickness and longissimus muscle area were measured ultrasonically on 229 beef bulls on performance test. Charolais bulls were leaner than Hereford and Angus at both start and end of test and grew more quickly. Rate of gain on test was not related to initial age, weight or fat thickness, with partial correlations of.00,.22, and −.01, respectively, for Charolais, and.08,.06, and −.05, respectively, for Hereford. Rate of gain on test was not highly related to final fat thickness and longissimus muscle area nor to changes in fatness and muscle area during test, correlations with rate of gain being.14,.21,.06, and.02, respectively, for Charolais, and.15,.23,.22, and.12 for Hereford. Predicted retail yield gains per day on test were very closely related to liveweight gains on test, with correlations of.99 for both Charolais and Hereford. Fat thickness measurements do not appear to have any value if used to predict retail yield per day, but might have a value in identifying beef bulls that exceed acceptable fat thickness by the end of test.

Performance Test Method of the Mixed-Mode Interface of an Integrated-Sensor RFID System

2013 ◽  
Vol 457-458 ◽  
pp. 755-760
Author(s):  
Shu Zhe Qi ◽  
Song Bin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Mixed Mode ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Reading Speed ◽  
Recognition Rate ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Plug And Play ◽  
Integrated Sensor ◽  
Rfid System

Aiming at the performance evaluation of mixed-mode sensing interface of the integrated-sensor RFID system, an integrated-sensor RFID system was constructed. Then the mechanism of performance evaluation of mixed-mode interface was analyzed. According to the validity and reliability principle, a mixed-mode interface performance testing model was established. Moreover, a Plug-and-Play performance testing method was presented. Finally, the physical platform was set up to test the reading speed and the recognition rate indicator in Plug-and-Play process. Results showed the reading speeds of two STIM maintained at around 656.56ms and 645.24ms steadily during Plug-and-Play process whose Bit Error Rate was 10e-9. Experiments indicate that effective transverse comparison of performance of similar products could be implemented by the proposed method in static environment as well as dynamic environment.

scholarly journals UJI PERFORMA MOTOR MATIC 110 CC DENGAN KONSEP BI-FUEL (GASOLINE-LPG)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Achmad Aminudin ◽  
Indah Puspitasari
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Chassis Dynamometer ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
The Public ◽  
Gas Fuel

Converter kits are equipment used to translate fuel oil (CNG) into gas fuel (CNG) in convertible vehicles. The use of a converter kit with CNG liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) will be used to optimize engine performance while driving, but its use is not yet known among the public because it is not affordable and there is no transition from fuel to consumed gas. Therefore, it is necessary to design a simple converter kit, affordable by the community, and can be supported on two different fuels. This study redesigned the manual converter kit with a research focus on aluminum gas mixer components with variations in the number of intake mixers (1, 2, and 3) and added mixing zones in the mixer area, using 110 cc single cylinder motorized engine with carburetor fuel system with a variation of 1500-9000 rpm. Engine performance testing is done using a chassis dynamometer. The use of LPG fuel in various types of input mixers is able to increase torque and power on the engine. Engine performance test data shows that the best torque value on the use of LPG materials in input mixer 1, 2, and 3 holes respectively are 17.44 Nm, 16.77 Nm and 11.71 Nm, while for gasoline fuel is 16 Meanwhile, the value of power in the use of LPG fuel with the input of mixer 1, 2 and 3 holes is capable of producing maximum power respectively 7.1 Hp, 7.4 Hp and 7.3 Hp, while for gasoline fuel at 7.7 Hp. The use of LPG fuel with the number of 1 hole mixer input is the best variation compared to gasoline fuel and the number of mixer inputs in the other variations.

Evaluation of Asphalt Mixture Performance Using Cracking and Durability Tests at a Full-Scale Pavement Facility

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110218
Author(s):  
Amir Golalipour ◽  
Varun Veginati ◽  
David J. Mensching
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Cyclic Fatigue ◽  
Intermediate Temperature ◽  
Index Test ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Indirect Tensile

In the asphalt materials community, the most critical research need is centered around a paradigm shift in mixture design from the volumetric process of the previous 20-plus years to an optimization procedure based on laboratory-measured mechanical properties that should lead to an increase in long-term pavement performance. This study is focused on advancing the state of understanding with respect to the value of intermediate temperature cracking tests, which may be included in a balanced mix design. The materials included are plant-mixed, laboratory-compacted specimens reheated from the 2013 Federal Highway Administration’s (FHWA’s) Accelerated Loading Facility (ALF) study on reclaimed asphalt pavement/reclaimed asphalt shingle (RAP/RAS) materials. Six commonly discussed intermediate temperature (cracking and durability) performance testing (i.e., Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester [AMPT] Cyclic Fatigue, Cantabro, Illinois Flexibility Index Test [I-FIT], Indirect Tensile Cracking [ITC, also known as IDEAL-CT], Indirect Tensile Nflex, and Texas Overlay Test) were selected for use in this study based on input from stakeholders. Test results were analyzed to compare differences between the cracking tests. In addition, statistical analyses were conducted to assess the separation among materials (lanes) for each performance test. Cyclic fatigue and IDEAL-CT tests showed the most promising results. The ranking from these two tests’ index parameters matched closely with ALF field performance. Furthermore, both showed reasonable variability of test data and they were successful in differentiating between different materials.

Performance Testing of Coal Fired Power Plants

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane E. Powers ◽  
William C. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
The United States ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Test Program

With the renewed interest in the construction of coal-fired power plants in the United States, there has also been an increased interest in the methodology used to calculate/determine the overall performance of a coal fired power plant. This methodology is detailed in the ASME PTC 46 (1996) Code, which provides an excellent framework for determining the power output and heat rate of coal fired power plants. Unfortunately, the power industry has been slow to adopt this methodology, in part because of the lack of some details in the Code regarding the planning needed to design a performance test program for the determination of coal fired power plant performance. This paper will expand on the ASME PTC 46 (1996) Code by discussing key concepts that need to be addressed when planning an overall plant performance test of a coal fired power plant. The most difficult aspect of calculating coal fired power plant performance is integrating the calculation of boiler performance with the calculation of turbine cycle performance and other balance of plant aspects. If proper planning of the performance test is not performed, the integration of boiler and turbine data will result in a test result that does not accurately reflect the true performance of the overall plant. This planning must start very early in the development of the test program, and be implemented in all stages of the test program design. This paper will address the necessary planning of the test program, including: • Determination of Actual Plant Performance. • Selection of a Test Goal. • Development of the Basic Correction Algorithm. • Designing a Plant Model. • Development of Correction Curves. • Operation of the Power Plant during the Test. All nomenclature in this paper utilizes the ASME PTC 46 definitions for the calculation and correction of plant performance.

A Comparative Study of Genetic Algorithms and Gradient Methods for RM12 Turbofan Engine Diagnostics and Performance Estimation

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Gro¨nstedt ◽  
Markus Wallin
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Gradient Methods ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Performance Estimation ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Turbofan Engine ◽  
Local Optima ◽  
Bypass Ratio

Recent work on gas turbine diagnostics based on optimisation techniques advocates two different approaches: 1) Stochastic optimisation, including Genetic Algorithm techniques, for its robustness when optimising objective functions with many local optima and 2) Gradient based methods mainly for their computational efficiency. For smooth and single optimum functions, gradient methods are known to provide superior numerical performance. This paper addresses the key issue for method selection, i.e. whether multiple local optima may occur when the optimisation approach is applied to real engine testing. Two performance test data sets for the RM12 low bypass ratio turbofan engine, powering the Swedish Fighter Gripen, have been analysed. One set of data was recorded during performance testing of a highly degraded engine. This engine has been subjected to Accelerated Mission Testing (AMT) cycles corresponding to more than 4000 hours of run time. The other data set was recorded for a development engine with less than 200 hours of operation. The search for multiple optima was performed starting from more than 100 extreme points. Not a single case of multi-modality was encountered, i.e. one unique solution for each of the two data sets was consistently obtained. The RM12 engine cycle is typical for a modern fighter engine, implying that the obtained results can be transferred to, at least, most low bypass ratio turbofan engines. The paper goes on to describe the numerical difficulties that had to be resolved to obtain efficient and robust performance by the gradient solvers. Ill conditioning and noise may, as illustrated on a model problem, introduce local optima without a correspondence in the gas turbine physics. Numerical methods exploiting the special problem structure represented by a non-linear least squares formulation is given special attention. Finally, a mixed norm allowing for both robustness and numerical efficiency is suggested.

Study on Conventional Domed Bursting Disc Material and Burst Pressure Test

2013 ◽  
Vol 690-693 ◽  
pp. 2371-2378
Author(s):  
Wei Pu Xu ◽  
Yi Ting Liu
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Burst Pressure ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Manufacturing Method ◽  
Pressure Test ◽  
Disc Material

A brief overview is given in the conventional domed bursting disc structure and manufacturing method. 316L stainless steel as a template is selected. With the investigation on bursting disc material tensile test method, the test results are summarized,also the burst results of disc burst pressure in different sizes. With the help of bursting disc material performance test and bursting disc burst pressure test of 316L , the test results provide a reference for other types of bursting disc.

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