The Effect of Organic Accelerators on the Temperature Coefficient of Vulcanization

1938 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. W. Eliel
Keyword(s):  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Temperature Coefficient ◽  
Wide Temperature Range ◽  
Similar Activity ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Temperature Coefficients ◽  
Constant Proportion ◽  
Action Type ◽  
Delayed Action ◽  
Time Required

Abstract (1) The temperature coefficient of vulcanization to a standard modulus is 2.0 in the presence of mercaptobenzothiazole, Ureka, Ureka White, and Vulcafor D. A. (2) The temperature coefficients of vulcanization in the presence of all accelerators tested, including those of delayed action type, are constant over a wide temperature range (110–150° C). None of the accelerators appears to have a critical temperature. (3) Differences between the rates at which modulus develops with accelerators of similar activity may account for the fact that some induce scorching on the compounding mill, whereas others do not. (4) At all temperatures investigated, the period of delay of a delayed action accelerator may represent a constant proportion of the total time required to reach a definite state of cure, as indicated by modulus.

scholarly journals Thin Film Integrated RC-Networks With Compensated Temperature Coefficients of R and C

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. W. Pötzlberger
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Dielectric Loss ◽  
Temperature Coefficient ◽  
Wide Temperature Range ◽  
Temperature Compensation ◽  
Capacitance Density ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Temperature Coefficients ◽  
Capacitor Structure ◽  
Rc Networks

Thin film integrated RC-networks can be prepared from two non reactively sputtered TaAl films, the properties and optimum compositions of which have been found. Temperature compensation of the integrated resistors and capacitors is achieved by adjusting the temperature coefficient of capacitance. A duplex dielectric capacitor structure is used with anodically formed TaAl-oxide and a sputtered SiO2layer. Temperature coefficient of capacitance, dielectric loss and capacitance density have been measured vs. SiO2thickness. Because of almost linear dependences on temperature of both the TaAl resistors and the TaAl-oxide/SiO2-capacitors, such RC-networks show temperature compensation over a wide temperature range, the TCC being +110 ppm/K and the TCR −110 ppm/K.

scholarly journals On the Temperature Dependence of Vaporization Enthalpy and its Correlation with Surface Tension.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Alibakhshi ◽  
Bernd Hartke
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Wide Temperature Range ◽  
Thermophysical Properties ◽  
Vaporization Enthalpy ◽  
Temperature Range

Temperature dependence of vaporization enthalpy is one of the most important thermophysical properties of compounds. In the present study, we theoretically developed relationships applicable to evaluation of vaporization enthalpy of compounds from diverse chemical families for a wide temperature range from melting point to the critical temperature. One outcome of the proposed approach is a relationship describing the correlation between the surface tension and vaporization enthalpy which outperforms the extensively applied Kabo method proposed for the same purpose.<br>

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Temperature Dependence of Vaporization Enthalpy and its Correlation with Surface Tension by Machine Learning and Predictive Correlations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Alibakhshi ◽  
Bernd Hartke
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Wide Temperature Range ◽  
Thermophysical Properties ◽  
Vaporization Enthalpy ◽  
Temperature Range

Temperature dependence of vaporization enthalpy is one of the most important thermophysical properties of compounds. In the present study, we theoretically developed relationships applicable to evaluation of vaporization enthalpy of compounds from diverse chemical families for a wide temperature range from melting point to the critical temperature. One outcome of the proposed approach is a relationship describing the correlation between the surface tension and vaporization enthalpy which outperforms the extensively applied Kabo method proposed for the same purpose.<br>

AN INVESTIGATION OF THE HYDROGEN-CHLORIDE-PROPYLENE REACTION IN THE REGION OF THE CRITICAL TEMPERATURE

1938 ◽  
Vol 16b (12) ◽  
pp. 453-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Holder ◽  
O. Maass
Keyword(s):  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Temperature Coefficient ◽  
Hydrogen Chloride ◽  
Liquid State ◽  
Critical Density ◽  
Positive Temperature ◽  
Gaseous State ◽  
Gaseous Mixtures ◽  
Reaction Velocity ◽  
Temperature Range

The reaction between hydrogen chloride and propylene has been studied in the gaseous state above the critical temperature and in the liquid state just below the critical temperature. Pressures were used such that the density of the gaseous mixtures could be made as great as the density of the liquid mixture at some temperature.The rate of reaction above the critical temperature increases slowly with increasing pressure until a certain critical density is attained, after which the rate increases rapidly. In the liquid state the reaction has a positive temperature coefficient except for a 25° temperature range just below the critical temperature. In this region there is a rapid decrease in density of the medium with rise in temperature and a negative temperature coefficient occurs.The density of the liquid reactants at a number of temperatures just below the critical temperature (here defined as the temperature where the visible meniscus disappears) has been reproduced above the critical temperature for a small temperature range. The reaction velocity data obtained under these conditions show a minimum in passing through the critical temperature region.The above results have been interpreted on the basis of a "structure" characteristic of the liquid state which favors higher reaction velocity and which may exist above the critical temperature at sufficiently high densities.

scholarly journals A high precision bandgap voltage reference

2018 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
pp. 04072
Author(s):  
XingGuo Tian ◽  
XiaoNing Xin ◽  
DongYang Han
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Coefficient ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Wide Temperature Range ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Bandgap Reference ◽  
Voltage Reference ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Bandgap Voltage Reference

In order to meet the market demand for wide temperature range and high precision bandgap voltage reference, this paper designs a bandgap reference with wide temperature range and low temperature coefficient. In this paper, the basic implementation principle of the bandgap reference is analyzed.On the basis of the traditional bandgap reference circuit structure,this design adds a trimming network and a temperature compensation network. A new Gaussian bell curve compensation technique is adopted to compensate the low temperature section, and the normal temperature section and the high temperature section respectively. Compared with the existing compensation technology, the versatility and the compensation effect is better. The designed circuit is designed and manufactured based on the Huahong HHNECGE0.35um process. The results show that the output voltage is 2.5V at 2.7V supply voltage and temperature range of -40-125°C.at typical process angle ,the temperature coefficient is 0.54618 PPm/°C,and is within 1PPm/°C at other process angles.

Measurement of Rubber Tack

1965 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 689-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Skewis
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Wide Temperature Range ◽  
Complete Separation ◽  
Empirical Treatment ◽  
Force Development ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Polymer Compound ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Predetermined Time

Abstract An instrument for measurement and study of tack of rubber compositions is described. The method involves pressing together two specimens of polymer compound with a chosen force for a predetermined time, and then measuring the time to separate them with a preselected force. Development of tacky adhesion is related to the product of force and a function of time that the specimens are pressed together. The measure of adhesion also involves the product of force and a function of time required for complete separation. Empirical treatment yields an equation to describe tacky behavior of a rubber composition in terms of the ratio of these products of force and time, the ratio being designated as the tack index of that composition. An example is given by comparing tack of SBR with that of natural rubber. SBR exhibits a tack index of about unity over a wide temperature range while natural rubber has a large tack index at 25° C, which decreases with increasing temperature. It is suggested that the excellent tack of natural rubber is due to crystallization with elongation.

The temperature coefficients of delay of surface acoustic waves in LGS and LGN crystals in a wide temperature range

2001 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Dvoesherstov ◽  
S. G. Petrov ◽  
V. I. Cherednik ◽  
A. P. Chirimanov
Keyword(s):  
Wide Temperature Range ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Surface Acoustic Waves ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Temperature Coefficients

scholarly journals On the Temperature Dependence of Vaporization Enthalpy and its Correlation with Surface Tension

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Alibakhshi ◽  
Bernd Hartke
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Wide Temperature Range ◽  
Thermophysical Properties ◽  
Vaporization Enthalpy ◽  
Temperature Range

Temperature dependence of vaporization enthalpy is one of the most important thermophysical properties of compounds. In the present study, we theoretically developed relationships applicable to evaluation of vaporization enthalpy of compounds from diverse chemical families for a wide temperature range from melting point to the critical temperature. One outcome of the proposed approach is a relationship describing the correlation between the surface tension and vaporization enthalpy which outperforms the extensively applied Kabo method proposed for the same purpose.<br>

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