scholarly journals Effect of easy and difficult goals on self-efficacy and memory performance in young and elderly people: challenges for the cognitive effort hypothesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-75
Author(s):  
Amir Shams ◽  
Parvaneh Shamsipour Dehkordi ◽  
Farshid Tahmasbi ◽  
Mandana Sangari ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Cognitive Effort ◽  
Effort Hypothesis

THE EFFECT SELF EFFICACY AND COMPETENCE ON ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTIONS WITH COPING AS MEDIATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Zulhawati ◽  
Pujiastuti ◽  
Ifah Rofiqoh ◽  
Septi Diana Sari
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Cognitive Effort ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Job Responsibilities ◽  
Level Of Confidence ◽  
Technological University ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract— The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of self-efficacy and competence on the intention toentrepreneurship by coping as a mediating variable. Self-efficacy is the level of confidence in doing the task well,competence is the ability, knowledge / understanding, and attitude needed in carrying out job responsibilities. Copingas a behavioral and cognitive effort in managing internal and external demands is expected to overload and exceedindividual abilities. The sample in this study were Yogyakarta Technological University (UTY) students who weredivided into three groups, namely students who had never received entrepreneurship courses, had already receivedcourses, entrepreneurship, and students who had obtained courses, entrepreneurship who had just joined theEntrepreneurship Development Program. The results of the study showed that self-efficacy, competence and copinginfluenced the desire for entrepreneurship. Self-efficacy and competence have an indirect positive effect onentrepreneurial intentions through coping.

scholarly journals Memory Self-Efficacy and Memory Performance in Older Males

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Mcdougall ◽  
Jeonghee Kang
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Older Males

Care Burden and Self-Efficacy Levels of Family Caregivers of Elderly People in Turkey

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesile Unver ◽  
Tulay Basak ◽  
Nuran Tosun ◽  
Ozlem Aslan ◽  
Nalan Akbayrak
Keyword(s):  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Care Burden

scholarly journals Older adults with poor self-rated memory have less depressive symptoms and better memory performance when perceived self-efficacy is high

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 783-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deirdre M. O'Shea ◽  
Vonetta M. Dotson ◽  
Robert A. Fieo ◽  
Angeliki Tsapanou ◽  
Laura Zahodne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Memory Performance

Indexical information, encoding difficulty, and second language vocabulary learning

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 417-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
MITCHELL S. SOMMERS ◽  
JOE BARCROFT
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Vocabulary Learning ◽  
Cognitive Effort ◽  
Information Encoding ◽  
Signal Noise ◽  
Acoustic Variability ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
The Difference ◽  
L2 Vocabulary ◽  
Effort Hypothesis

ABSTRACTResearch has demonstrated that second language (L2) vocabulary learning improves when target words are presented in acoustically varied compared with acoustically consistent formats. The present study investigated the extent to which this benefit of acoustic variability is a consequence of difficult encoding demands (cognitive effort hypothesis) versus increased representational quality. Experiment 1 compared L2 vocabulary learning for words produced in normal (easier encoding) or nasal (more difficult encoding) voice. Vocabulary learning was superior in the normal-voice condition, arguing against a simple cognitive effort hypothesis as the basis for improved L2 vocabulary learning with increased acoustic variability. Experiment 2 assessed the resistance of newly acquired L2 word forms to the effects of acoustic degradation. Participants heard six repetitions of each item in either a single-talker or multiple-talker condition. The robustness of the new word-form representations was assessed by measuring the accuracy and latency of L2 to first language (L1) translation as a function of the signal/noise ratio. At all four signal/noise ratios, accuracy and latency of L2 to L1 translation were significantly better for words learned in the multiple-talker as opposed to the single-talker condition. Of particular importance, the difference between single talkers and multiple talkers increased systematically as signal/noise ratio decreased. These findings suggest that the benefits of acoustic variability are a consequence of learners' ability to retain and use indexical information during the earliest stages of word learning and provide support for the representation quality hypothesis.

Memory self-efficacy predicts memory performance: Results from a 6-year follow-up study.

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne A. M. Valentijn ◽  
Robert D. Hill ◽  
Susan A. H. Van Hooren ◽  
Hans Bosma ◽  
Martin P. J. Van Boxtel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Performance Results

The Manipulation and Measurement of Task-specific Memory Self-Efficacy in Younger and Older Adults

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Gardiner ◽  
Mary A. Luszcz ◽  
Janet Bryan
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Free Recall ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Recall Trial ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Specific Memory ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Before And After

Task-specific memory self-efficacy (TSMSE) was experimentally manipulated through provision of information about task difficulty, to determine its effect on free recall for 56 older (age 63-86) and 56 younger (age 16-25) adults. The implications of using prediction-based measures of TSMSE were addressed. After completing one recall trial of a list of 20 words, half the participants were told a second list comprised more difficult words; the others were told the second list would be similar to the first they had received. Free recall and TSMSE were measured before and after this manipulation. The manipulation reduced TSMSE for participants expecting a harder list of words, but not differently for younger compared with older adults. Younger and older adults’ recall declined at the second recall trial, but there was no difference between those expecting a harder list and those expecting a similar list. Recall was predicted by domain-specific memory self-efficacy as well as a traditional measure of TSMSE. The study demonstrated the malleability of memory self-efficacy, but called into question assertions about its salience as a mediator of older adults’ poorer memory performance.

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