Evaluation of Serum Ferritin Levels in Brain Tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
Oana Alexandru ◽  
Laurentiu Ene
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Cerebral Metastases ◽  
Tumor Grading ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Systemic Dissemination ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Open Question

Currently, brain tumors are diagnosed based on clinical suspicion and neuroimaging results. Histological analysis is the only method that certifies the diagnosis and establishes the prognosis. A number of studies suggest that perturbed iron metabolism and increased ferritin levels are part of the changes associated with tumorigenesis. Our study’s aim is to evaluate serum ferritin levels in a series of patients and establish if this protein could play a role in brain cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Our lot is comprised of 267 patients with various types of brain tumors. We registered higher mean ferritin levels when compared to the general population. According to tumor histology, higher levels were found in cerebral metastases patients, and the differences were statistically significant. According to tumor grading, we found higher ferritin levels in grade II tumors, with statistically significant differences when compared to grade I and grade IV tumors. It remains an open question if high ferritin levels are a hallmark for cerebral metastases or just an expression of systemic dissemination. Also, a possible role for ferritin as a biomarker in grade II brain tumors may be established by further studies.

Clinical significance of acetylcholinesterase activity in brain tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 718-721
Author(s):  
Larisa Mikhailovna Obukhova ◽  
I. A. Medyanik ◽  
K. N. Kontorshchikova ◽  
S. A. Simagina ◽  
L. T. Musaelyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Acetyl Cholinesterase ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
The Brain

It has been established that the non-neuronal cholinergic system is related to the oncogenesis which increases the attractiveness of its components as the promising markers of oncologic diseases. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the clinical significance of the analysis of the activity of acetyl cholinesterase as a new marker of gliomas. The activity of acetyl cholinesterase was assessed by photo colorimetric analysis according to the Hestrin method recalculating the activity of the enzyme in the tumor tissue per 1 g of protein, and in the blood - by 0.1 g of hemoglobin. The data obtained in the primary tumors of the brain (28) in the tissue of the brain of persons who died as a result of injury (6) and in whole blood of patients with gliomas (28) and practically healthy people (10) were compared with the use of a number of statistical programs. A significant decrease in the activity of acetyl cholinesterase in tumor tissue and in whole blood is revealed as the degree of anaplasia of tumors increases, starting with Grade II. It is for the first time that a significant direct correlation was noted showing the consistency between the decrease in the activity of acetyl cholinesterase in the tumor tissue of the brain and blood. Bioinformatic analysis showed the connection of the enzyme of acetyl cholinesterase with proteins of the PI3K-AKT and Notch signaling pathways providing antiapoptotic and proliferative effects. The found dependences provide new insights into understanding of the mechanisms of gliomas genesis and can be used for selection of new diagnostic markers of brain tumors.

scholarly journals Anatomical phenotyping and staging of brain tumors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Akeret ◽  
Flavio Vasella ◽  
Victor E. Staartjes ◽  
Julia Velz ◽  
Timothy Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Tumor Progression ◽  
Survival Probability ◽  
Central Nervous System Lymphoma ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Growth Behavior ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Staging Systems ◽  
Grade Ii

AbstractIn contrast to most other tumors, the anatomical extent of brain tumors is not objectified and quantified through staging. Staging systems are built on the understanding of the anatomical sequence of tumor progression and its relation to histopathological dedifferentiation and survival. While major advances in the understanding of primary brain tumors at a histological, cellular and molecular level have been achieved in recent decades, our understanding at a macroscopic anatomical level is limited. The aim of this study was to describe the anatomical phenotype of the most frequent brain tumor entities based on topographic probability and growth behavior analysis. The association of anatomical tumor features with survival probability was assessed and a prototypical staging system for WHO grade II-IV glioma was proposed based on the hypothesized anatomical sequence of tumor progression. The analysis is based on data from a consecutive cohort of 1000 patients with first diagnosis of a primary or secondary brain tumor. On preoperative MRI, the relative tumor density (RTD) of different topographic, phylogenetic and ontogenetic parcellation units was derived through normalization of the relative tumor prevalence to the relative volume of the respective structure. While primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) showed a high RTD along white matter tracts, the RTD in metastases was highest along terminal arterial flow areas. Neuroepithelial tumors (NT) demonstrated a high and homogeneous RTD along all sectors of the ventriculo-cortical axis, avoiding adjacent units, consistent with a transpallial behavior within phylo-ontogenetic radial units. Additionally, the topographic probability in NT correlated with morphogenetic processes of convergence and divergence of radial units during phylo- and ontogenesis. The anatomical tumor growth behavior was analyzed by comparing pre- and postoperative MRI, showing that a ventriculofugal growth dominates in NT. With progressive histopathological dedifferentiation of NT, a gradual deviation from this neuroepithelial anatomical behavior was found. By comparing survival probability, we identified prognostically critical steps in the anatomical behavior of NT. Based on a hypothesized sequence of anatomical tumor progression, we developed a three-level prototypical staging system for WHO grade II-IV glioma. This staging system proved to be accurate across histological, molecular, radiomorphological and clinical strata based on Kaplan Meier curves and multivariable survival analysis. Similar to staging systems for other tumors, a staging system such as this one may have the potential to inform stage-adapted treatment decisions.

Ensuring the most effective strategy for cancer treatment of patients with brain tumors.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e14000-e14000
Author(s):  
Elena A. Sheiko ◽  
Elena M. Frantsiyants ◽  
Eduard E. Rostorguev ◽  
Irina V. Kaplieva ◽  
Valeria A. Bandovkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Kinetic Method ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Tumor Removal ◽  
Plastic Tube ◽  
Malignant Brain Tumors

e14000 Background: The purpose of the study was to analyze changes in the total activity of trypsin-like proteinases (TLPs) in the blood plasma in patients with brain tumors for the preoperative differential diagnosis of benign, primary and secondary malignant brain tumors. Methods: TLPs were measured in 164 patients with brain tumors. The blood had been collected from the patients in a standard plastic tube with 3.8% sodium citrate (9:1) 3 days prior to the surgery. Citrate blood was centrifuged; citrated plasma was obtained and used to determine the total TLP activity by the unified kinetic method. Results were compared with the data in donors. Results: TLP activity in 37 (22.6%) of 164 patients was within the normal range (258–402 IU/mL, on the average 333.0±27.1 IU/mL). Benign brain tumors (meningioma) were diagnosed in all 37 patients after the tumor removal and histological analysis. In 74 (45.1%) of 164 patients, TLP activity was within 1158–1626 IU/mL (on the average 1331.0±102.4 IU/mL, p < 0.05), i.e. 3.8-5.3 times higher than the norm in donors (malignancy coefficient on average 4.4±0.3 times). Primary malignant brain tumors (glioblastoma) were diagnosed in all 74 patients after the tumor removal and histological analysis. In 53 (32.3%) of 164 patients, TLP activity was within 1794–2868 IU/mL (on the average 2227.0±174.1 IU/mL, p < 0.05), i.e. 5.9-9.4 times higher than the norm in donors (malignancy coefficient on average 7.3±0.5 times). Secondary malignant brain tumors (metastases) were diagnosed in all 53 patients after the tumor removal and histological analysis. Conclusions: The specificity of the proposed method for the differential diagnosis of brain tumors was very high: for benign tumors - 97.2%, for primary malignant tumors - 98.6% and for secondary malignant tumors - 98.1%. So, TLP activity indices in the blood plasma are an informative auxiliary laboratory test that will help in clarifying and/or confirming the differential diagnosis of brain tumors.

Expression pattern of EEF1A2 in brain tumors: Histological analysis and functional role as a promoter of EMT

Life Sciences ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 117399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Khurshidul Hassan ◽  
Dinesh Kumar ◽  
Saket Awadhesbhai Patel ◽  
Niharika Pattanaik ◽  
Nachiketa Mohapatra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Histological Analysis

scholarly journals Neuro-Oncology Practice Clinical Debate: Early treatment or observation for patients with newly diagnosed oligodendroglioma and small-volume residual disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon E Fogh ◽  
Lauren Boreta ◽  
Jean L Nakamura ◽  
Derek R Johnson ◽  
Andrew S Chi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
World Health ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Oncology Practice

Abstract Advances in treatment of oligodendroglioma represent arguably the most significant recent development in the treatment of brain tumors, with multiple clinical trials demonstrating that median survival is approximately doubled in patients with World Health Organization grade II and III 1p/19q codeleted gliomas (ie, oligodendrogliomas) treated with procarbazine, lomustine, vincristine chemotherapy and radiation vs radiation alone. However, chemoradiotherapy itself is not without morbidity, including both short-term toxicities primarily related to chemotherapy and longer-term cognitive issues likely due to radiation. Patients and physicians both desire maximally effective therapy with minimal toxicity, and it remains unclear whether some patients with macroscopic residual disease after surgery can safely delay therapy, to avoid or delay toxicity, while simultaneously preserving the full benefits of treatment. In this article, experts in the field discuss the rationale for the approaches of up-front treatment with chemoradiotherapy and initial observation, respectively.

Molecular markers relating to malignant progression in Grade II astrocytoma

2009 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 709-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Ying Yue ◽  
Su-Huan Yu ◽  
Shi-Guang Zhao ◽  
Zhong-Ping Chen
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Malignant Progression ◽  
Labeling Index ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Recurrent Tumors ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Object Astrocytoma may progress rapidly or remain stable for many years. To clarify whether molecular characteristics could be prognostic factors, several cell cycling–associated molecular alterations in the diffuse astrocytoma have been investigated. Methods Thirty-three patients in whom WHO Grade II astrocytoma had been initially diagnosed were assigned to 1 of 3 groups. Group 1 consisted of 10 patients with malignant progression; the tumor had recurred within 5 years and histological analysis had confirmed that the tumor progressed to Grade III or IV. Group 2 consisted of 10 patients in whom there was no malignant progression; the tumor recurred within 5 years, but histological analysis confirmed that the tumor remained at Grade II. Group 3 consisted of 13 patients who did not experience recurrence within 5 years. Expression of Ki 67, TP53, p27, and p21 was examined using immunohistochemical analysis for the tumor samples obtained during the first and second (in recurrent cases) surgeries. Exons 5, 7, and 8 of TP53 were scanned by DNA sequencing. Results The Ki 67 labeling index expression was significantly higher in Group 1 (even though it was similar between initial and recurrent tumors) than that of Group 3 (p < 0.05). However, there was no difference between Group 2 (both initial and recurrent tumors) and Group 3. The TP53 protein accumulation was also higher in Group 1 than in Group 2 or 3 (p < 0.05); a difference in TP53 expression was not found between Groups 2 and 3. The p27 and p21 was expressed in all cases, but no predictive values were found. The p53 mutation was found only in 6 cases in Group 1. Conclusions Overexpression of TP53, TP53 mutation, and Ki 67 labeling index could be molecular markers in astrocytomas predicting malignant progression.

scholarly journals MRI Features and IDH Mutational Status of Grade II Diffuse Gliomas: Impact on Diagnosis and Prognosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 210 (3) ◽  
pp. 621-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier E. Villanueva-Meyer ◽  
Matthew D. Wood ◽  
Byung Se Choi ◽  
Marc C. Mabray ◽  
Nicholas A. Butowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Mutational Status ◽  
Mri Features ◽  
Diffuse Gliomas ◽  
Grade Ii

Primary Brain Tumors and Cerebral Metastases

2012 ◽  
pp. 282-293
Author(s):  
Matthew C. Tate ◽  
Mitchel S. Berger
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Cerebral Metastases ◽  
Primary Brain Tumors

CNS Tumor Prediction Using Gene Expression Data Part I

2011 ◽  
pp. 304-311
Author(s):  
Atiq Islam ◽  
Khan M. Iftekharuddin ◽  
E. Olusegun George ◽  
David J. Russomanno
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Gene Expression Data ◽  
Marker Gene ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Expression Data ◽  
Cns Tumor ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Anova Model

Automated diagnosis and prognosis of tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) offer overwhelming challenges because of heterogeneous phenotype and genotype behavior of tumor cells (Yang et al. 2003, Pomeroy et al. 2002). Unambiguous characterization of these tumors is essential for accurate prognosis and therapy. Although the present imaging techniques help to explore the anatomical features of brain tumors, they do not provide an effective means of early detection. Currently, the histological examination of brain tumors is widely used for an accurate diagnosis; however, the tumor classification and grading based on histological appearance does not always guarantee absolute accuracy (Yang et al., 2003, Pomeroy et al., 2002). In many cases, it may not be sufficient to detect the detailed changes in the molecular level using a histological examination (Yang et al. 2003) since such examination may not allow accurate prediction of therapeutic responses or prognosis. If the biopsy sample is too small, the problems are aggravated further. Toward achieving a more reliable diagnosis and prognosis of brain tumors, gene expression measures from microarrays are the center of attention to many researchers who are working on tumor prediction schemes. Our proposed tumor prediction scheme is discussed in two chapters in this volume. In part I (this chapter), we use an analysis of variance (ANOVA) model for characterizing the Affymetrix gene expression data from CNS tumor samples (Pomeroy et al. 2002) while in part II we discuss the prediction of tumor classes based on marker genes selected using the techniques developed in this chapter. In this chapter, we estimate the tumor-specific gene expression measures based on the ANOVA model and exploit them to locate the significantly differentially expressed marker genes among different types of tumor samples. We also provide a novel visualization method to validate the marker gene selection process.

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