Ensuring the most effective strategy for cancer treatment of patients with brain tumors.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e14000-e14000
Author(s):  
Elena A. Sheiko ◽  
Elena M. Frantsiyants ◽  
Eduard E. Rostorguev ◽  
Irina V. Kaplieva ◽  
Valeria A. Bandovkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Kinetic Method ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Tumor Removal ◽  
Plastic Tube ◽  
Malignant Brain Tumors

e14000 Background: The purpose of the study was to analyze changes in the total activity of trypsin-like proteinases (TLPs) in the blood plasma in patients with brain tumors for the preoperative differential diagnosis of benign, primary and secondary malignant brain tumors. Methods: TLPs were measured in 164 patients with brain tumors. The blood had been collected from the patients in a standard plastic tube with 3.8% sodium citrate (9:1) 3 days prior to the surgery. Citrate blood was centrifuged; citrated plasma was obtained and used to determine the total TLP activity by the unified kinetic method. Results were compared with the data in donors. Results: TLP activity in 37 (22.6%) of 164 patients was within the normal range (258–402 IU/mL, on the average 333.0±27.1 IU/mL). Benign brain tumors (meningioma) were diagnosed in all 37 patients after the tumor removal and histological analysis. In 74 (45.1%) of 164 patients, TLP activity was within 1158–1626 IU/mL (on the average 1331.0±102.4 IU/mL, p < 0.05), i.e. 3.8-5.3 times higher than the norm in donors (malignancy coefficient on average 4.4±0.3 times). Primary malignant brain tumors (glioblastoma) were diagnosed in all 74 patients after the tumor removal and histological analysis. In 53 (32.3%) of 164 patients, TLP activity was within 1794–2868 IU/mL (on the average 2227.0±174.1 IU/mL, p < 0.05), i.e. 5.9-9.4 times higher than the norm in donors (malignancy coefficient on average 7.3±0.5 times). Secondary malignant brain tumors (metastases) were diagnosed in all 53 patients after the tumor removal and histological analysis. Conclusions: The specificity of the proposed method for the differential diagnosis of brain tumors was very high: for benign tumors - 97.2%, for primary malignant tumors - 98.6% and for secondary malignant tumors - 98.1%. So, TLP activity indices in the blood plasma are an informative auxiliary laboratory test that will help in clarifying and/or confirming the differential diagnosis of brain tumors.

Blood trypsin proteinases as a new additional test in differential diagnosis of brain tumors.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13543-e13543
Author(s):  
Larisa Kozlova ◽  
Elena Mikhaylovna Frantsiyants ◽  
Lyudmila Dmitriyevna Tkalya ◽  
Eduard Evgenevich Rostorguev ◽  
Dmitriy P. Atmachidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Malignant Tumor ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Additional Test ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Double Beam ◽  
The Brain

e13543 Background: Activation of trypsin-type proteinases in cancer is a proven fact. Activity of enzymes synthesized and secreted by a malignant tumor is generally not controlled by endogenous inhibitors. Benign tumors do not come into metabolic conflict with the carrier body, at least prior to their possible malignant transformation. The purpose of the study was to analyze changes in activity of trypsin proteinases (ATP) in the blood plasma of patients to determine possible application of the parameter as an additional test in the differential diagnosis of brain tumors. Methods: The blood plasma of 164 patients was studied: 37 benign brain tumors, 74 primary glioblastomas (G) and 53 brain metastases (MTS) from breast cancer. ATP was determined before treatment using the U-2900 UV Solutions double-beam spectrophotometer (USA). The results were compared to the values in 39 healthy donors (N). The data were processed using the Statistica 10 program. Results: ATP did not differ from N in 37 of 164 patients (22.6%). After removal of the brain tumors, histological examination of surgical material showed benign brain tumors in all 37 cases. ATP in 74 of 164 patients (45.1%) exceeded N by 3.8-5.3 times (on average 4.4±0.3). Histological examination after removal of the brain tumors showed primary G in all 74 cases. ATP was 5.9-9.4 times higher than N (on average 7.3±0.5) in 53 of 164 patients (32.3%). Histological examination after removal of the brain tumors showed MTS in all 53 cases. Conclusions: ATP value similar to N indicates a benign tumor. ATP increase by 3.8-5.3 times shows the presence of a primary malignant tumor. ATP increase by 5.9-9.4 times supposes MTS.

scholarly journals NI-03 USEFULNESS OF IMP-SPECT IN PREOPERATIVE GRADE EVALUATION OF INTRAORBITAL TUMOR

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii26-ii26
Author(s):  
Shinichi Okonogi ◽  
Shuuhei Kubota ◽  
Yuuki Sakaeyama ◽  
Keita Ueda ◽  
Masaaki Nemoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Malignant Tumor ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Medical Testing ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Adenoid Cystic ◽  
Normal Ratio ◽  
Early Image

Abstract INTRODUCTION The frequency of intraorbital tumors is small as 0.9% of all brain tumors, but its pathological type is diverse. Among them, the diagnosis of whether particularly malignant tumor scan clinically, is extremely important. Nuclear medical testing is essential for non-invasive differential diagnosis in brain tumors. SPECT, good malignancy differentiation, evaluation of malignancy, usefulness such as differentiation of non-tumorous lesions have been reported many. However, there are few reports that SPECT was useful in preoperative differential diagnosis of orbital tumors. Since 123IMP-SPECT was useful in preoperative differential diagnosis of intraorbital tumors, we report some literature considerations. METHOD Among the 27 cases of intraorbital tumors that were operated on in our clinic between August 2005 and August 2016, 14 cases of SPECT prior to surgery were examined for the usefulness of preoperative differential diagnosis. Breakdown of cases, as the malignant tumor, two cases of malignant lymphoma, MALT lymphoma 2 cases, adenoid cystic carcinoma 1 case, in one case plasma cytoma, as a benign tumor, false tumors 4 cases, three hemangioma cases, neurocytoma 1 case it was. RESULTS In IMP early image, accumulation of clear IMP was observed in all six cases of malignant tumors. In benign tumors, there is no accumulation in hemangioma and neurosheath, there is a strong accumulation in one of the four cases in false tumors, it was observed mild accumulation in the remaining two cases. Tumor to normal ratio of IMP early image was an average of 2.39 in six malignant tumors and 1.52 in 8 benign tumors. CONCLUSION This time, we examined the usefulness of 123IMP-SPECT in preoperative differential diagnosis of intraorbital tumors. The T/N ratio of intraorbital malignant tumors is higher than benign tumors, and it was thought to help to evaluate preoperative malignancy of intraorbital tumors.

scholarly journals Differences between antioxidant defense parameters and specific trace element concentrations in healthy, benign, and malignant brain tissues

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavica Borković-Mitić ◽  
Aleksandar Stojsavljević ◽  
Ljiljana Vujotić ◽  
Siniša Matić ◽  
Bojan Mitić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Malignant Brain Tumors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Brain Tissues

AbstractThere are only a few reports examining the impact of oxidative stress in patients with benign and malignant brain tumors. In this study we investigated whether there are changes in antioxidant system (AOS) parameters and key trace elements between control, benign and malignant brain tissues. The study also aimed to examine correlations between the analyzed parameters. The study enrolled both types of brain tumors, benign tumors (BT) and malignant tumors (MT). The results were compared with control tissue (CT) without tumor infiltration collected from patients with BT. The following antioxidant parameters were determined: activities of total, manganese-containing, and copper/zinc-containing superoxide dismutase (TotSOD, MnSOD and CuZnSOD), activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione reductase and acetylcholine esterase (AChE), the concentrations of glutathione and sulfhydryl groups and of manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se). BT and MT had altered activities/levels of multiple AOS parameters as compared to CT, indicating that tumor cells had an altered cell metabolism and changes in AOS represent adaptive response to increased oxidative stress. Low MnSOD and AChE and high GST activities were significant for distinguishing between MT and CT. Malignant tissue was also characterized by lower Mn and Cu concentrations relative to CT and BT. Principal Component Analysis clearly discriminated BT from CT and MT (PC1, 66.97%), while PC2 clearly discriminated CT from BT and MT (33.03%). Most correlative relationships were associated with Se in the BT group and Cu in the MT group. The results of this study reveal differences between the AOS parameters and the essential trace elements between the analyzed groups. The observed dysregulations show that oxidative stress could have an important role in disrupting brain homeostasis and its presence in the pathogenesis of benign and malignant brain tumors.

Kinin system of blood plasma as pathogenesis factor in brain tumors.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13542-e13542
Author(s):  
Larisa Kozlova ◽  
Elena Mikhaylovna Frantsiyants ◽  
Lyudmila Dmitriyevna Tkalya ◽  
Eduard Evgenevich Rostorguev ◽  
Dmitriy P. Atmachidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Kinin System ◽  
Malignant Brain Tumors ◽  
Neoplastic Processes ◽  
Double Beam ◽  
Student’S T

e13542 Background: The kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) does not only perform its adaptive-regulatory function; it is confirmed to be involved into pathology, neoplastic processes in particular. Our purpose was to study the kallikrein family (KLKs), pro-KLKs and carboxypeptidase N (CPN) in the blood plasma of patients with benign and malignant brain tumors. Methods: We studied citrated blood plasma of 164 patients with brain neoplasms: 37 meningiomas (M), 74 primary glioblastomas (G) and 53 brain metastases (MTS) from breast cancer. The kinetics of KKS enzymatic reactions was determined in the blood plasma before treatment using the U-2900 UV Solutions double-beam spectrophotometer (USA). The results were compared to the values in 39 healthy donors (N). The data were processed using the Statistica 10 program. The significance of differences was determined by Student's t-test. Results: Activity of KLKs in the blood plasma in patients with M exceeded N by 1.3 times (p≤0.05), in G – by 3.9 times, in MTS – by 5.1 times. Levels of pro-KLKs in M were lower than in N by 1.6 times, and in G and MTS they were similar to N. CPN activity in M was decreased compared to N by 3.1 times; in G and MTS it did not differ significantly from N. The pro-KLKs/KLKs coefficient in patients with M was lower than in N by 2 times, in G – by 3.7 times, and in MTS – by 5.1 times. Activity of KLKs in G and MTS was 3 and 4 times higher, respectively, than in M (p < 0.001). It supposed realization of effects of KLKs and produced bradykinin on cells, blood enzymes and microvessel walls in malignant brain tumors to a greater extent than in benign ones. Conclusions: Activation of KKS in the blood plasma in malignant brain tumors is more intense than in benign tumors, it directly and indirectly influences cell migration, increases capillary permeability and causes an imbalance in the related enzyme systems becoming a pathogenesis factor.

scholarly journals A novel decision tree model based on chromosome imbalances in cell-free DNA and CA-125 in the differential diagnosis of ovarian cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 172460082199235
Author(s):  
Weina Zhang ◽  
Yu-min Zhang ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Shengmiao Zhang ◽  
Weixin Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Decision Tree ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Copy Number Variations ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Free Dna

Objective: CA-125 is widely used as biomarker of ovarian cancer. However, CA-125 suffers low accuracy. We developed a hybrid analytical model, the Ovarian Cancer Decision Tree (OCDT), employing a two-layer decision tree, which considers genetic alteration information from cell-free DNA along with CA-125 value to distinguish malignant tumors from benign tumors. Methods: We consider major copy number alterations at whole chromosome and chromosome-arm level as the main feature of our detection model. Fifty-eight patients diagnosed with malignant tumors, 66 with borderline tumors, and 10 with benign tumors were enrolled. Results: Genetic analysis revealed significant arm-level imbalances in most malignant tumors, especially in high-grade serous cancers in which 12 chromosome arms with significant aneuploidy ( P<0.01) were identified, including 7 arms with significant gains and 5 with significant losses. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.8985 for copy number variations analysis, compared to 0.8751 of CA125. The OCDT was generated with a cancerous score (CScore) threshold of 5.18 for the first level, and a CA-125 value of 103.1 for the second level. Our most optimized OCDT model achieved an AUC of 0.975. Conclusions: The results suggested that genetic variations extracted from cfDNA can be combined with CA-125, and together improved the differential diagnosis of malignant from benign ovarian tumors. The model would aid in the pre-operative assessment of women with adnexal masses. Future clinical trials need to be conducted to further evaluate the value of CScore in clinical settings and search for the optimal threshold for malignancy detection.

Localized 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy of large pediatric brain tumors

1990 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie N. Sutton ◽  
Robert E. Lenkinski ◽  
Bruce H. Cohen ◽  
Roger J. Packer ◽  
Robert A. Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Metabolic Fingerprint

✓ Fourteen children aged 1 week to 16 years, with a variety of large or superficial brain tumors, underwent localized in vivo 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy of their tumor. Quantitative spectral analysis was performed by measuring the area under individual peaks using a computer algorithm. In eight patients with histologically benign tumors the spectra were considered to be qualitatively indistinguishable from normal brain. The phosphocreatine/inorganic phosphate ratio (PCr/Pi) averaged 2.0. Five patients had histologically malignant tumors; qualitatively, four of these were considered to have abnormal spectra, showing a decrease in the PCr peak. The PCr/Pi ratio for this group averaged 0.85, which was significantly lower than that seen in the benign tumor group (p < 0.05). No difference between the two groups was seen in adenosine triphosphate or phosphomonoesters. It is concluded that a specific metabolic “fingerprint” for childhood brain tumors may not exist, but that some malignant tumors show a pattern suggestive of ischemia.

Diagnostic approach using the expression profiling of the P53 tumor suppressor gene and its related proteins in ovarian epithelial tumors

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Lee ◽  
G. Park ◽  
J. H. Jung ◽  
W. S. Ahn ◽  
J. M. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Cyclin E ◽  
Receiver Operating Curve ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Cutoff Value ◽  
Borderline Tumors ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Epithelial Tumors ◽  
Ovarian Epithelial Tumors

The initial aim of this study was to examine the expression profiles of P53 and its upstream genes, downstream genes, and cell cycle regulators to determine whether these markers are useful for making a differential diagnosis among the benign, borderline, and malignant ovarian epithelial tumors. Between borderline and malignant tumors, the increased expression levels of P53, Bax, Cyclin E, and cyclin-dependent kinase-2 as well as the decreased expression levels of growth arrest and DNA damage (GADD45) and murine double minute-2 (MDM2) were significantly associated with malignancy (P < 0.01, each). Using the receiver operating curve (ROC), the most reliable cutoff value of the added-up staining scores of those markers was 4.5 with 79% sensitivity and 89% specificity for malignancy. Between benign and borderline tumors, the P21 and Bax expression levels were significantly higher in borderline tumors, whereas the Bcl-2 expression level was much higher in benign tumors (P < 0.01, each). Using the ROC, the cutoff value of the added-up staining scores used to discriminate between the two groups was 2.5 with 70% sensitivity and 74% specificity for borderline tumors. Thus, for the differential diagnosis between borderline and malignant tumors, the cutoff value 4.5 of the cumulative staining scores can be used. However, the cutoff value 2.5 for discrimination between benign and borderline tumors may not be useful because of its relatively low sensitivity and specificity. In addition, the P53, GADD45, Cyclin E, and MDM2 expression levels in malignant ovarian tumors might be useful for determining the histologic grade and type.

The use of 18F-FDG PET ratios in the differential diagnosis of common malignant brain tumors

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 970-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaan Meric ◽  
Ronan P. Killeen ◽  
Alain S. Abi-Ghanem ◽  
Fatima Soliman ◽  
Fuad Novruzov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Malignant Brain Tumors ◽  
18F Fdg

scholarly journals STEM CELL THERAPY OF MALIGNANT BRAIN TUMORS: REALITY AND PROSPECTS

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
I S Bryukhovetskiy ◽  
A S Bryukhovetskiy ◽  
P V Mischenko ◽  
I A Merkulov ◽  
Y S Khotimchenko
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
The Body ◽  
Malignant Brain Tumors ◽  
Hypoxic Zone ◽  
Tumor Center ◽  
Neoplastic Process

Modern methods for the treatment of malignant brain tumors are insufficiently effective. One reason for this is that the existing technologies and methods are focused on removing all neoplastic cellsfrom the body. Understanding the mechanisms of systemic migration of stem cells provides a new view on the role of this phenomenon in the development of malignant tumors. Migration and homing of normal stem cells, being originally the regulatory process, ensuring revascularization and remodeling of ischemic or traumatic injury of brain, play a role of the axial conductor of neoplastic process in carcinogenesis. The use of the phenomenon of migration and homing of stem cells in the tumor center for therapeutic purposes opens the possibility of overcoming the blood-brain barrier, reducing the toxicity of chemotherapy and increasing the radiation therapy efficiency, makes possible the directed influence on the hypoxic zone of the tumor, can directly affect to the key life processes of tumor stem cells. These arguments allow to consider the mechanisms of systemic migration and homing of stem cells to neoplastic foci as a fundamental theoretical platform for the creation of a fundamentally new class of anti-cancer, cell personalized medicines.

scholarly journals Psychopathology of Brain Frontal Lobe Tumors: When the Neurosurgery Meets Psychiatry

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Chirchiglia Domenico ◽  
Chirchiglia Pasquale ◽  
Gallelli, Luca
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Limbic Cortex ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Secondary Tumors ◽  
Associated Functions

Brain tumors occur when abnormal cells form within the brain.There are two main types of tumors: malignant and benign tumors. Then, tumors can be divided into primary that start within the brain, and secondary tumors that have spread from somewhere else, known as brain metastasis tumors. Secondary brain tumors occur in approximately 15 % of cancer patients with about half of metastases coming from lung cancer. Primary brain tumors occur in around 250,000 people a year globally, making up less than 2% of whole body tumors. According to American Brain Tumor Association the most common types of primary tumors are gliomas, representing 74,6 % of all malignant tumors and meningiomas ( 36,6% ) while more affected region is frontal lobe, about 22 % . Particularly, prefrontal cortex ( PFC ), the anterior part of the frontal lobe that is highly developed in humans plays a role in the regulation of personality, emotional, and behavioral functioning, leading to serious cognitive impairments 1. These are the psychological signs of frontal lobe tumors, in addition to other functions such as the expressive language of Broca's area or those relating to voluntary movement, linked to frontal cortical motor areas. It relates to the so-called higher nervous functions, concerning the life of relationship and communication. The PFC physiology explains the psychological mechanisms of its associated functions: connections with the limbic cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus, basal ganglia and other subcortical areas.The regions of the PFC at the base of the psychophysiological mechanisms involved are basically the dorso-lateral, the ventro-medial, the orbito-frontal establishing contacts primarily with limbic structures, such as the cingulate gyrus, hippocampus, amygdala.

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