Trajectories of mental health before and after old-age and disability retirement: a register-based study on purchases of psychotropic drugs

Abstract Background A maintained psychological wellbeing is important in order to continue working longer and remain active into older age. However, little is known about impact of different organizational factors, such as downsizing, on the mental health of older workers exiting the labor market. The aim in this study was to investigate trajectories of purchases of psychotropic drugs in relation to labor market exit later in life in a context with and without downsizing. Method People living in Sweden, born 1941–1951, exiting paid work via unemployment, sickness absence/disability pension, or old-age pension were followed from 2005 to 2013 regarding purchases of psychotropic drugs. Individuals employed at a workplace closing down or downsizing with ≥18% between two subsequent years were compared to employees exiting from workplaces without downsizing or workplace closure. Generalized estimating equations was applied to derive trajectories of annual prevalence of purchased antidepressants, sedatives and anxiolytics from 4 years before to 4 years after a labour market exit. Results During the period around the exit, old-age retirees experiencing a downsizing/workplace closure did not decrease their purchases of sedatives (OR 1.01 95% CI 0.95–1.07) while the unexposed decreased their purchases during this period (OR 0.95 95% CI 0.92–0.98). Similar differences concerning sedatives and antidepressants between exposed and unexposed were seen for those exiting via sickness absence or disability pension. Furthermore, a significant difference in purchases of anxiolytics was observed between those exposed to downsizing (OR 1.10 95% CI 0.97–1.24) and the unexposed (OR 0.98 95% CI 0.91–1.06) exiting via old-age retirement during the time before the exit. Conclusion Downsizing or workplace closure, although weakly, was associated with higher prevalence of psychotropic drugs certain years around the labor market exit. The results support the idea that involuntary labor market exit in mature adulthood may negatively affect the development of mental health.

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Medication Monitoring for People with Dementia in Care Homes: The Feasibility and Clinical Impact of Nurse-Led Monitoring

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2014/843621 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Sue Jordan ◽

Marie Gabe ◽

Louise Newson ◽

Sherrill Snelgrove ◽

Gerwyn Panes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Adverse Drug Reaction ◽

Intervention Study ◽

Clinical Impact ◽

Care Homes ◽

Service Users ◽

Care Plans ◽

Medication Monitoring ◽

People With Dementia ◽

Before And After

Objectives. People with dementia are susceptible to adverse effects of medicines. However, they are not always closely monitored. We explored (1) feasibility and (2) clinical impact of nurse-led medication monitoring.Design. Feasibility “before-and-after” intervention study.Setting. Three care homes in Wales.Participants. Eleven service users diagnosed with dementia, taking at least one antipsychotic, antidepressant, or antiepileptic medicine.Intervention. West Wales Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) Profile for Mental Health Medicines.Outcome Measures. (1) Feasibility: recruitment, retention, and implementation. (2) Clinical impact: previously undocumented problems identified and ameliorated, as recorded in participants’ records before and after introduction of the profile, and one month later.Results. Nurses recruited and retained 11 of 29 eligible service users. The profile took 20–25 minutes to implement, caused no harm, and supplemented usual care. Initially, the profile identified previously undocumented problems for all participants (mean 12.7 (SD 4.7)). One month later, some problems had been ameliorated (mean 4.9 (3.6)). Clinical gains included new prescriptions to manage pain (2 participants), psoriasis (1), Parkinsonian symptoms (1), rash (1), dose reduction of benzodiazepines (1), new care plans for oral hygiene, skin problems, and constipation.Conclusions. Participants benefited from structured nurse-led medication monitoring. Clinical trials of our ADR Profile are feasible and necessary.

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Role of social integration in the protection against depression in the Chilean elderly population

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.1053 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

L de Albuquerque Araújo ◽

N Bello Escamilla ◽

V Sabando Franulic

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Older Adults ◽

Social Integration ◽

Old Age ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Mental Illnesses ◽

National Study ◽

Close Relatives ◽

Negative Gradient

Abstract Chile has improved survival however this process occurs under a framework of socioeconomic and gender inequalities, which results in an impact of mental health, especially in vulnerable groups. The objective was to determine the association between depression and social integration in Chilean older adults. Cross-sectional study from the National Study of Dependence in Old Person 2010. The risk of depression was amount with Geriatric Depression Scale (>5). The social integration were quantity as frequency of meeting with close relatives (child, partner, daughter/ son-in-law, grandchildren); with other relatives (brother, brothers-in-law, nephews or other relatives) and with friends and neighbors in the last 12 months in 5 categories (never visit; less frequently; 1-2 times a month; 1-2 times a week; every day or almost). Logistic regression models considered the sampling design of the survey to identify association with odd ratio (OR) (never as reference category), adjustment for sex, age, ethnicity, household income, education, housing arrangement and chronic diseases (p ≤ 0,5). Total of 4179 older adults 25,3% reported risk of depression, the significative association with close relatives was in daily or almost frequency OR:0.42 (95%CI 0.27-0.67), 1-2 times a week OR: 0,57 (95%CI 0,33-0,99), 1-2 times/month OR: 0,56 (95%CI 0,99); other relatives were lower frequency OR: 0.54 (95%CI 0.38-0.78); 1-2 times/month OR; 0.50 (95%CI 0.31-0.81); 1-2 times/week OR:0.35 (95%CI 0.22-0.55); daily or almost OR:0.27 (95%CI 0.18-0.42). And meeting with friends and neighbors in the same frequency order were OR: 0.66 (95%CI 0.44-0.99); OR:0.43 (95%CI 0.26-0.73); OR:0.4 (95%CI 0.25-0.62); OR: 0.32 (95%CI 0.21-0.47). There is a negative gradient between depression and the frequency of meeting with friends, neighbors and family, independent of sociodemographic and health characteristics. Social integration must be promoted as a protective factor of mental health in elderly. Key messages Depression is one of the most common mental illnesses in old age and we found a negative gradient between the frequency of meeting friends, neighbors and family and the possibility of depression. It seems essential for public health to have strategies that address social life in old age to strengthen quality of live and mental health.

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The ‘loneliness pandemic’: implications for gerontological nursing

British Journal of Nursing ◽

10.12968/bjon.2021.30.11.652 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (11) ◽

pp. 652-655

Author(s):

Carlos Laranjeira

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Older Adults ◽

Older People ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Old Age ◽

Social Isolation ◽

Social Relationships ◽

Vulnerable Groups ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Gerontological Nursing

The COVID-19 pandemic compelled states to limit free movement, in order to protect at-risk and more vulnerable groups, particularly older adults. Due to old age or debilitating chronic diseases, this group is also more vulnerable to loneliness (perceived discrepancy between actual and desired social relationships) and social isolation (feeling that one does not belong to society). This forced isolation has negative consequences for the health of older people, particularly their mental health. This is an especially challenging time for gerontological nursing, but it is also an opportunity for professionals to combat age stereotypes reinforced with COVID-19, to urge the measurement of loneliness and social isolation, and to rethink how to further adjust interventions in times of crisis, such as considering technology-mediated interventions in these uncertain times.

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Evaluation of the Effect of Time Change in Cognitive Function in Volunteers in Tehran

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v9n2p119 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 119 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Marjan Erfani ◽

Hedayat Sahraei ◽

Zahra Bahari ◽

Gholam Hossein Meftahi ◽

Boshra Hatef ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Reaction Time ◽

Cognitive Functions ◽

Reduction Reaction ◽

Plasma Cortisol Level ◽

Mental Fatigue ◽

Time Change ◽

General Mental Health ◽

Before And After ◽

Time Changes

BACKGROUND: Time change (which can lead to sleep duration decrements) can lead to brain dysfunction if repeated. In the present study, cognitive functions of the volunteers were evaluated before and after the time changes in Tehran.METHODS: Eleven, voluntary healthy persons (21±2 year old) were evaluated for their cognitive functions including sustain attention, reaction time, and mental fatigue twenty-one days before the time changes and thirty-eight days after time change using PASAT software. In addition, plasma cortisol level was measured before and after the time changes.RESULTS: After the time changes salivary cortisol concentration increase, but general mental health was decreased. Sustain attention was shortened after time change which was significantly different compared with before the time changes. Reaction time was increased after the time changes in comparison with the before the time changes, but was not statistically significant. In addition, mental fatigue was increased after the time changes.CONCLUSION: It seems that time change may reduce brain cognitive functions which are manifested by general mental health, sustain attention reduction, reaction time as well as mental fatigue.

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Emergency department utilization for mental health conditions before and after the COVID-19 outbreak

The American Journal of Emergency Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.ajem.2021.03.084 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 164-168

Author(s):

Stephanie Stroever ◽

Chelsea Brett ◽

Katherine Michael ◽

Joann Petrini

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Emergency Department ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Emergency Department Utilization ◽

Mental Health Conditions ◽

Before And After

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Socio-Emotional and Academic Learning Before and After COVID-19 School Closures: Evidence from Ethiopia

10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2021/082 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Stephen Bayley ◽

Darge Wole Meshesha ◽

Paul Ramchandani ◽

Pauline Rose ◽

Tassew Woldehanna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Skills ◽

Emotional Regulation ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Academic Learning ◽

School Closures ◽

Health And Wellbeing ◽

Before And After ◽

Children's Social Skills

This paper presents the findings of research undertaken in Ethiopia to examine the effects of COVID-19 school closures on children’s holistic learning, including both socio-emotional and academic learning. It draws on data collected in 2019 (prior to the pandemic) and 2021 (after schools reopened) to compare primary pupils’ learning before and after the school closures. In particular, the study adapts self-reporting scales that have been used in related contexts to measure Grade 3 and 6 children’s social skills, self-efficacy, emotional regulation and mental health and wellbeing, along with literacy and numeracy. Lesson observations were also undertaken to explore teachers’ behaviours to foster socio-emotional learning (SEL) in the classroom. The findings advance current knowledge in several respects. First, they quantify the decline in Ethiopian pupils’ social skills over the period of the school closures. Second, they identify a significant and strong relationship between learners’ social skills and their numeracy, even after taking other factors into account. Third, they reveal a significant association between children’s social skills and their mental health and wellbeing, highlighting the importance of interpersonal interactions to safeguard children’s holistic welfare. The paper concludes by proposing a model for understanding the relationship between learners’ SEL and academic outcomes, and with recommendations for education planning and practice, in Ethiopia and elsewhere.

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Service innovation: an old age liaison psychiatry service

Psychiatric Bulletin ◽

10.1192/pb.bp.106.011460 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 145-147 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Paul Whelan ◽

Kirsten Lawson ◽

Stephen W. Burton

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Community Mental Health ◽

Old Age ◽

Service Innovation ◽

Mental Healthcare ◽

Liaison Psychiatry ◽

Service Models ◽

Consultation Model

Service models differ for the provision of mental healthcare for elderly medical in-patients. Input by the general adult liaison psychiatry service with no age cutoff (Lipowski, 1983) and sector-based old age community mental health teams (CMHTs) (Scott et al, 1988; De Leo et al, 1989) have been described, as well as a consultation–liaison model. Holmes et al (2003) showed that old age psychiatrists favoured a liaison rather than a consultation model.

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Disminución de la ansiedad en las víctimas del bullying durante el confinamiento por el COVID-19

Revista de Educación a Distancia (RED) ◽

10.6018/red.439601 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (65) ◽

Author(s):

María Isabel Gómez León

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Academic Performance ◽

Social Interaction ◽

Digital Media ◽

Before And After ◽

Victim Group ◽

Salud Mental ◽

Anxiety Depression ◽

Victims Of Bullying

Los factores estresantes asociados a la pandemia por el COVID 19 han tenido importantes consecuencias en la salud mental de muchos adolescentes, sin embargo, es posible que este confinamiento junto con los medios digitales disponibles para el aprendizaje y la interacción social hayan supuesto un alivio para aquellos que eran víctimas de bullying. En esta investigación se comparan las puntuaciones que han obtenido 276 adolescentes (94 víctimas de bullying y 182 no víctimas) de entre 12 y 14 años, en ansiedad, depresión, rendimiento académico y ciberbullying antes y después del confinamiento. Antes del confinamiento las víctimas obtuvieron puntuaciones significativamente mayores en ansiedad, depresión y ciberbullying y menores en rendimiento académico. Durante el confinamiento las diferencias en ansiedad se invirtieron, siendo significativamente menores en el caso de las víctimas de bullying, quienes, además, obtuvieron puntuaciones significativamente menores en depresión y en ciberbullying que antes de la pandemia. Sin embargo, el rendimiento académico descendió significativamente en el grupo no-víctimas mientras que no se apreciaron cambios significativos en las puntuaciones de ciberbullying. The stressors associated with the pandemic by COVID 19 have had important consequences on the mental health of many adolescents, however, it is possible that this confinement along with the digital media available for learning and social interaction have provided relief for those who were victims of bullying.. This research compares the scores obtained by 76 adolescents (94 victims of bullying and 182 not victims) between 12 and 14 years old, in anxiety, depression, academic performance and cyberbullying before and after confinement. Before confinement, the victims obtained significantly higher scores in anxiety, depression and cyberbullying and lower scores in academic performance. During confinement, the differences in anxiety were reversed, being significantly lower in the case of victims of bullying, who also obtained significantly lower scores in depression and cyberbullying than before confinement. However, academic performance decreased significantly in the non-victim group, while no significant changes in cyberbullying scores were observed.

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