Labor market exit around retirement age in Sweden and trajectories of psychotropic drugs in a context of downsizing

Abstract Background A maintained psychological wellbeing is important in order to continue working longer and remain active into older age. However, little is known about impact of different organizational factors, such as downsizing, on the mental health of older workers exiting the labor market. The aim in this study was to investigate trajectories of purchases of psychotropic drugs in relation to labor market exit later in life in a context with and without downsizing. Method People living in Sweden, born 1941–1951, exiting paid work via unemployment, sickness absence/disability pension, or old-age pension were followed from 2005 to 2013 regarding purchases of psychotropic drugs. Individuals employed at a workplace closing down or downsizing with ≥18% between two subsequent years were compared to employees exiting from workplaces without downsizing or workplace closure. Generalized estimating equations was applied to derive trajectories of annual prevalence of purchased antidepressants, sedatives and anxiolytics from 4 years before to 4 years after a labour market exit. Results During the period around the exit, old-age retirees experiencing a downsizing/workplace closure did not decrease their purchases of sedatives (OR 1.01 95% CI 0.95–1.07) while the unexposed decreased their purchases during this period (OR 0.95 95% CI 0.92–0.98). Similar differences concerning sedatives and antidepressants between exposed and unexposed were seen for those exiting via sickness absence or disability pension. Furthermore, a significant difference in purchases of anxiolytics was observed between those exposed to downsizing (OR 1.10 95% CI 0.97–1.24) and the unexposed (OR 0.98 95% CI 0.91–1.06) exiting via old-age retirement during the time before the exit. Conclusion Downsizing or workplace closure, although weakly, was associated with higher prevalence of psychotropic drugs certain years around the labor market exit. The results support the idea that involuntary labor market exit in mature adulthood may negatively affect the development of mental health.

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Retrospectively assessed physical work environment during working life and risk of sickness absence and labour market exit among older workers

Occupational and Environmental Medicine ◽

10.1136/oemed-2016-104279 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 75 (2) ◽

pp. 114-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Emil Sundstrup ◽

Åse Marie Hansen ◽

Erik Lykke Mortensen ◽

Otto Melchior Poulsen ◽

Thomas Clausen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Labour Market ◽

Work Environment ◽

Sickness Absence ◽

Older Workers ◽

Disability Pension ◽

Working Life ◽

Physical Work ◽

Market Exit ◽

Physical Work Environment

ObjectiveTo determine the prospective association between retrospectively assessed physical work environment during working life and prospectively assessed sickness absence and labour market exit among older workers.MethodsUsing Cox regression analyses we estimated the 4-year to 6-year prospective risk of register-based long-term sickness absence (LTSA), disability pension, early retirement and unemployment from exposure to different physical work environmental factors during working life among 5076 older workers (age 49–63 at baseline) from the Copenhagen Aging and Midlife Biobank cohort.ResultsVery hard physical work throughout working life was a risk factor for LTSA (HR 1.66,95% CI 1.32 to 2.07), disability pension (HR 2.21,95% CI 1.04 to 4.72) and early retirement (HR 1.57,95% CI 1.13 to 2.17). Both short-term (<10 years) and long-term (≥20 years) exposures to lifting or carrying of heavy burdens predicted the risk of LTSA (HRs 1.49–1.56) and disability pension (HRs 2.26–3.29). In contrast, exposure to dust was associated with LTSA and disability pension only following 20 or more exposure years.ConclusionsRetrospectively assessed hard physical work during working life and exposure to several factors in the physical work environment, especially heavy lifting, were important for labour market exit and sickness absence. This study underscores the importance of reducing physical work exposures throughout the working life course for preventing sickness absence and premature exit from the labour market.

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A Comparative Study of Mental Health among Old People

International Journal of Indian Psychology ◽

10.25215/0501.038 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Vandana N Solanki

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Old Age ◽

T Test ◽

Test Results ◽

Old People ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Gender

The study was intended to examine the effect of mental health on old people. Aim: The aim was to estimate the prevalence of mental health in old people and to determine the association of mental health with types of family and gender. Sample: The sample consists of 120 old people from different old age home and family in Rajkot district area. The sample was selected from randomly. Design: 2*2research design was used the present study. Tools: Mental Health was measured through a questionnaire ‘Mental Health Inventory’was used. Test developed by Bhatt D & Gida G. in (1992).The data was analyzed by the t test. Results: There will be no significant difference between Gender and Types of Area in relation to their mental health. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates a higher prevalence of mental health in old people.

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A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study of Mental Health among Geriatric Population Living in Care Homes and Those Living with Family in Hadoti Region, Rajasthan

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2021/458 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (28) ◽

pp. 2472-2477

Author(s):

Swapnil Agrawal ◽

Aftab Ahmed Khan

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Elderly People ◽

Old Age ◽

Elderly Population ◽

Psychiatric Morbidity ◽

Care Homes ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference

BACKGROUND With recent advancement in health facility, both in urban and rural population, ratio of elderly people has increased and due to this apart from physical illness, mental health is also emerged as an important public health challenge. Psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety, cognitive disorders and substance use disorders were commonly found in elderly specially living alone and in care homes. The primary purpose of this study was to compare mental health of elderly people living in care homes with those living with family in Kota (Hadoti region, Rajasthan). METHODS This is a cross-sectional comparative study that was carried out in 50 elderly people living in care homes and 50 elderly people living with family. Both groups were screened for psychiatric disorders using general health questionnaire (GHQ – 12). Comparison was made under various headings between these groups including severity. Obtained data were analysed by using proportion, mean, standard deviation, chi-square, and Pearson correlation. RESULTS No statistically significant difference was found in having psychiatric disorders on screening with GHQ - 12. Difference in these groups for prevalence and severity was not statistically significant for depression and anxiety although significant higher mean of total geriatric depression score (GDS) score in control (10.74 ± 2.56) than in cases (9.38 ± 2.36) and total Hamilton’s anxiety rating scale (HAM – A) score was seen in case group (24.53 ± 3.50) than in controls (23.15 ± 2.34). CONCLUSIONS In this study, it was found out that psychiatry morbidity was higher among elderly population living in old age home when compared to elders living with family in community. Possible reason for higher psychiatric morbidity in old age home group in our study appears to be because of lack of family support, pain of being separated from their children whom they cared and nurtured for their whole life. In psychiatric morbidity we found that depression was the most common disorder in elderly population in both groups. KEYWORDS Old Age Home, Mental Disorders, Depression, Anxiety

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Do workplace health-promotion interventions targeting employees with poor health reduce sick-leave probability and disability rates?

Scandinavian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/1403494820946543 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 140349482094654

Author(s):

Roy A. Nielsen ◽

Tove I. Midtsundstad

Keyword(s):

Health Promotion ◽

Sick Leave ◽

Labour Market ◽

Sickness Absence ◽

Older Workers ◽

Financial Incentives ◽

Disability Pension ◽

Workplace Health Promotion ◽

Workplace Health ◽

Health Promotion Interventions

Aims: This study aimed to investigate whether introducing workplace health-promotion interventions targeting employees with health problems or reduced work ability affected overall sick leave and disability risk. Methods: The study population comprised data from an establishment survey from 2010 identifying who had introduced workplace health promotion (the intervention) linked to register data on all employees and their sickness absence and disability pension uptake from 2000 through 2010. Results: Interventions had moderate effects due to varying efficacy in different parts of the labour market. Intervention success was more likely among white-collar workers (e.g. in public administration) compared to blue-collar workers (e.g. in manufacturing), probably due to variations in both organisational and technological constraints. Effects were small among men and moderate among older workers, particularly among women. Overall, disability risk reduction was accompanied by an increase in sickness absence. Sometimes, sickness absence increased in groups with no change in disability risk, suggesting that presenteeism in one group may increase absenteeism in other groups. Conclusions: Introducing workplace health-promotion interventions may prolong work careers in some labour-market segments. Financial incentives for Norwegian establishments to continue offering workplace health-promotion interventions may be improved, given the current financial model for disability pension and sickness benefits.

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EMOTIONAL IMPACT IN FRONTLINE AND SECONDLINE HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS: COVID-19 AND II WAVE

Psychological Applications and Trends 2021 ◽

10.36315/2021inpact028 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Federica Guerra ◽

◽

Jessica Ranieri ◽

Claudio Ferri ◽

Dina Di Giacomo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Older Workers ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Health Workers ◽

Emotional Health ◽

Emotional Impact ◽

Occupational Burnout ◽

Dissociative Experiences ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Rapid Spread

"Introduction. The rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has created unprecedent global challenges for health systems. National Healthcare Systems Hospitals adopted protective measures and medical equipment resources, exposing healthcare workers at risk for stress syndromes, subclinical mental health symptoms, and long-term occupational burnout. Health workers have had to deal with the most severe clinical cases in intensive care specialized operative division. Since the first months of the epidemic spread, some studies have established shown that nurses have shown symptoms of severe anxiety associated with peritraumatic dissociative experiences. Most of the studies examined the emotional impact of COVID 19 on health professionals but did not focus on different consider professionals roles and hospital departments workload. Objective. The aim of our study was to analyze the emotional characteristics of health workers during the II wave of coronavirus (November-December 2020), comparing the frontline (COVID 19) and second line (chronic diseases) hospital divisions and analyzing the differences between the health roles. Methods. We conduct a pilot study among health-workers. A sample of 28 healthcare workers (aged 23-62 years) were recruited from frontline and secondline hospital departments (L’Aquila, IT). The administered psychological battery was composed of n. 4 self-reports evaluating emotional variables (depression, anxiety, and stress) (DASS-21), personality traits (BFI-10), burnout risk (MBI), and perceived stress (PSS). Results. The results highlighted significant differences: older health workers were found to be more vulnerable than those who younger health workers; another interesting point was that healthcare workers serving in frontline wards showed symptoms of depersonalization. No significant difference for the type of role held. Conclusions. A prevention program should be activated to preserve frontline and older workers mental health. Earlier support could mitigate the effect of the pandemic experience, reducing the risk for emotional health workers' fragility."

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Educational Inequalities in Labor Market Exit of Older Workers in 15 European Countries

10.31235/osf.io/gdtcp ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jana Mäcken ◽

Patrick Präg ◽

Moritz Hess ◽

Lea Ellwardt

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Older Workers ◽

European Countries ◽

Social Gradient ◽

Institutional Factors ◽

Market Exit ◽

Country Differences ◽

Using Data ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Almost All

This article examines country differences in the association between education and voluntary or involuntary labor market exit and whether these country differences map onto institutional characteristics of the countries. Work exit is defined as involuntary based on the reasons of exit. Four different types of institutional factors, push and pull, aiming for an earlier work exit and need and maintain factors to retain older workers in employment are considered. Using data from 15 European countries from the longitudinal Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), discrete- time event history models with a categorical outcome are estimated for each country separately. In a second step, we add macro-level indicators and conduct meta-analyses to analyze country differences. Results show that in almost all countries a social gradient in involuntary work exit exists but not in voluntary exit. Lower-educated workers are more likely to involuntarily exit the labor market. Institutional factors, especially those supporting older workers’ retention in employment, are associated with a smaller social gradient in work exit. Our findings suggest that investments in active labor market expenditures, especially in lifelong learning and rehabilitation for lower educated workers, may help to reduce the social gradient in involuntary work exit.

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Mental health in childhood and adolescence in association to sickness absence and disability pension

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckz185.698 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽

Author(s):

J Narusyte ◽

R Amin ◽

A Ropponen ◽

P Svedberg

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Phobia ◽

Sickness Absence ◽

Disability Pension ◽

Parental Education ◽

Childhood And Adolescence ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Familial Factors ◽

Rule Breaking ◽

Future Work

Abstract Background A large amount of studies have previously reported associations between sociodemographic, socioeconomic, health- and work-related factors and future sickness absence (SA) or disability pension (DP). However, the knowledge is still scarce regarding the associations between mental health problems and disorders during childhood and adolescence in association to future work incapacity, and regarding the role of familial influences on the associations. Methods The studies were based on 2,690 twins born 1985-1986 in Sweden who participated in the Twin Study of CHild and Adolescent Development (TCHAD). The twins were followed repeatedly at ages of 8-9, 13-14, 16-17, and 19-20 years. The presence of depressive, anxiety, rule-breaking, and social phobia symptoms were assessed through self-reports. SA and DP data were obtained from national registries. Group-based trajectory, logistic regression and Cox proportional regression analyses were applied. Results More than half of the twins that were on SA or granted DP had stable moderate levels of the mental health symptoms during adolescence. Cox regression analyses showed that rule-breaking behavior was associated with a higher risk for SA with the highest HR of 1.12 (95% CI 1.05-1.19) at age of 8-9 years. High levels of anxious and depressive symptoms were associated with DP despite age at symptom assessment. The associations attenuated slightly when familial factors were taken into account. The association between social phobia and SA was to some extent explained by sex and parental education except for when social phobia was measured at ages 19-20 years (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.10-1.34). The results changed slightly when further adjusting for familial factors. Conclusions Familial factors had no major importance for the studied associations. Hence, early life public health interventions to improve mental health might reduce the risk of future work incapacity in young adulthood.

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