Sustainable Application of Agro-industrial Biomass Waste for Water Treatment: Recycling of Sunflower Seeds Hulls for Ammonium Removal

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainab Z. Ismail ◽  
Basma B. Hameed
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Ammonium Removal

scholarly journals Phosphate and Ammonium Removal from Water through Electrochemical and Chemical Precipitation of Struvite

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Kyösti Rajaniemi ◽  
Tao Hu ◽  
Emma-Tuulia Nurmesniemi ◽  
Sari Tuomikoski ◽  
Ulla Lassi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Nutrient Recovery ◽  
Ammonium Removal ◽  
Synthetic Water

Batch electrocoagulation (BEC), continuous electrocoagulation (CEC), and chemical precipitation (CP) were compared in struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) precipitation from synthetic and authentic water. In synthetic water treatment (SWT), struvite yield was in BEC 1.72, CEC 0.61, and CP 1.54 kg/m3. Corresponding values in authentic water treatment (AWT) were 2.55, 3.04, and 2.47 kg/m3. In SWT, 1 kg struvite costs in BEC, CEC, and CP were 0.55, 0.55, and 0.11 €, respectively, for AWT 0.35, 0.22 and 0.07 €. Phosphate removal in SWT was 93.6, 74.5, and 71.6% in BEC, CEC, and CP, respectively, the corresponding rates in AWT were 89.7, 77.8, and 74.4%. Ammonium removal for SWT in BEC, CEC, and CP were 79.4, 51.5, and 62.5%, respectively, rates in AWT 56.1, 64.1, and 60.9%. Efficiency in CEC and BEC are equal in nutrient recovery in SWT, although energy efficiency was better in CEC. CP is cheaper than BEC and CEC.

Raw and modified palygorskite in water treatment applications for low‐concentration ammonium removal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni Gianni ◽  
Christina Vasiliki Lazaratou ◽  
Georgios Panagopoulos ◽  
Panagiota Sarantari ◽  
Fotini Martsouka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Ammonium Removal ◽  
Modified Palygorskite

scholarly journals Effect of Intermittent Aeration in a Hybrid Vertical Anaerobic Biofilm Reactor (HyVAB) for Reject Water Treatment

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1151
Author(s):  
Vasan Sivalingam ◽  
Carlos Dinamarca ◽  
Eshetu Janka ◽  
Sergey Kukankov ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Intermittent Aeration ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Ammonium Removal ◽  
Reject Water

Water from anaerobic sludge dewatering (reject water that is recycled to the inlet main process treatment) from the Knarrdalstrand municipal wastewater treatment plant in Porsgrunn, Norway, contains 2.4 g/L of total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD) and 550 mg/L NH4-N (annual average). The high concentration of ammonium causes disturbances in the mainstream physical and chemical processes, while only a small fraction of the organics is biodegradable. A pilot-scale hybrid vertical anaerobic biofilm (HyVAB) reactor combining anaerobic and aerobic treatment was tested for reject water treatment to reduce process disturbances. The pilot HyVAB was prepared for the study with continuous aeration of the aerobic part of the reactor for 200 days, while two intermittent aeration schemes were applied during the three-month test period. Ammonium removal efficiency increased from 8% during the continuous aeration period to 50% at the end of the test when a short (7 min) aeration cycle was applied. COD removal was close to 20%, which was mainly obtained in the anaerobic stage and not significantly influenced by the aerations schemes. Simultaneous partial nitrification and denitrification were established in the biofilm that alternated between aerobic and anoxic conditions. The observed high ammonium removal is explained by two alternative shortcut processes via nitrite. The lack of biodegradable organics in the aerated stage suggests that most of the nitrogen removal was via the anammox pathway (autotrophic denitrification). The HyVAB, combining an anaerobic sludge bed and an intermittently aerated biofilm, appears to be an efficient process to treat high ammonium containing reject water.

scholarly journals Three combined pretreatments for reactive gasification feedstock from wet coffee grounds waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-177
Author(s):  
Isao Hasegawa ◽  
Tatsuya Tsujiuchi ◽  
Kazuhiro Mae
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Hot Water Treatment ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Gasification Rate ◽  
Dehydration Reactions ◽  
Coffee Grounds

Abstract In this study, a new pretreatment for using wet food biomass waste as a high calorific and reactive feedstock for gasification is presented. The method involves the addition of calcium hydroxide, hot water treatment, and dewatering in vegetable oil. Hot water treatment at 230°C reduced the oxygen/carbon atomic ratio of coffee grounds waste to improve the calorific value, but this treatment also formed an inactive cross-linked structure caused by dehydration reactions. By mixing the coffee grounds waste with calcium hydroxide powder before the hot water treatment, cross-linking was suppressed and the gasification rate of the char significantly increased because of the catalytic effect. With or without hot water treatment, the time required to complete gasification for the chars of the grounds mixed with calcium hydroxide was reduced to about one-third of that for the char of the untreated grounds. After heating in vegetable oil at 150°C, moisture was completely removed from the coffee grounds and they became impregnated with a large amount of the oil. As dewatering in oil did not affect the gasification rate of the chars, a combination of these three treatments was found to efficiently convert wet food biomass waste into a gasification feedstock.

Ammonium removal pathways and microbial community in GAC-sand dual media filter in drinking water treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1587-1593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Feng ◽  
Shuguang Xie ◽  
Xiaojian Zhang ◽  
Zhiyu Yang ◽  
Wei Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Ammonium Removal

scholarly journals Clinoptilolite in Drinking Water Treatment for Ammonia Removal

10.14311/192 ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Abd El-Hady ◽  
A. Grünwald ◽  
K. Vlčková ◽  
J. Zeithammerová
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Ammonium Ion ◽  
Ammonium Removal ◽  
Exchange Processes ◽  
Heat Treated

In most countries today the removal of ammonium ions from drinking water has become almost a necessity. The natural zeolite clinoptiloliteis mined commercially in many parts of the world. It is a selective exchanger for the ammonium cation, and this has prompted its use in water treatment, wastewater treatment, swimming pools and fish farming. The work described in this paper provides dynamic data on cation exchange processes in clinoptilolite involving the NH4 +, Ca+2 and Mg+2 cations. We used material of natural origin – clinoptilolite from Nižný Hrabovec in Slovakia (particle-size 3–5 mm). The breakthrough capacity was determined by dynamic laboratory investigations, and we investigated the influence of thermal pretreatment of clinoptilolite and the concentration of regenerant solution (2, 5, and 10% NaCl). The concentrations of ammonium ion inputs in the tap water that we used were 10, 5, and 2 mg NH4 + l_1 and down to levels below 0.5 mg NH4 + l_1. The experimental results show that repeated pretreatment sufficiently improves the zeolite’s properties, and the structure of clinoptilolite remains unchanged during the loading and regeneration cycles. Ammonium removal capacities were increased by approximately 40 % and 20 % for heat-treated zeolite samples. There was no difference between the regenerates for 10% and 5% NaCl. We conclude that the use of zeolite is an attractive and promising method for ammonium removal.

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