scholarly journals Development of bladder plate calculus on missed sutured surgical sponge following primary bladder exstrophy repair

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoumeh Majidi Zolbin ◽  
◽  
Leila Moradi Matin ◽  
Masoud Bitaraf ◽  
Reza Nejad Gashti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stone Formation ◽  
Outlet Obstruction ◽  
Bladder Exstrophy ◽  
Wound Dehiscence ◽  
Urinary Stone ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Surgical Sponge ◽  
Surgery Outcomes ◽  
Primary Bladder ◽  
Neurogenic Voiding Dysfunction

Bladder Exstrophy (BE) has been considered as a rare congenital malformation of the genitourinary system, with an estimated incidence of approximately 1 per 50,000 live births [1]. The management of this anomaly is complex, involving several surgical reconstructions with numerous challenges to achieve anatomically, functionally, and cosmetically satisfactory outcomes [2]. Furthermore, the management must be early in the first months of life for better functional and cosmetic results [3,4]. Wound dehiscence, urethral outlet obstruction, bladder prolapsed, renal and bladder calculi are among the main complications following failed primary BE closure [5]. Urinary stone formation is estimated to be around 15% following bladder closure, in repaired BE patients, especially in cases living in poor or rural regions [6]. Bladder stone formation may occur following infra-vesical obstruction, neurogenic voiding dysfunction, urinary tract infection, foreign bodies, and metabolic risk factors years after reconstructive surgery [7]. Here, we report a 6-yearold boy with failed BE repair at an early age that was complicated by late surgery outcomes and secondary stone formation on missed sutured surgical sponge post-operatively.

scholarly journals Accidental prostatic stone finding after urinary catheterization failure during hernia surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 296
Author(s):  
Kostas Chondros ◽  
Victoria Mari ◽  
Georgios Lianeris ◽  
Sevasti Hatzikosta ◽  
Marina Kalogridaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stone Formation ◽  
Outlet Obstruction ◽  
Urinary Stone ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Urinary Catheterization ◽  
Hernia Surgery ◽  
Prostate Hyperplasia ◽  
Large Stone ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients

Urethral stones represent a rare cause of urinary obstruction and they are usually symptomatic. In older patients with bladder outlet obstruction, bladder stones are commonly found and managed accordingly. Intraprostatic stone formation is also a common finding in men with benign prostate hyperplasia but rarely is it a factor for obstruction. On the contrary, large stone formation in the prostatic urethra is a rare entity, and patients present with hematuria, dysuria, infection or retention in most of the cases. Patients previously submitted to urological procedures such as prostatectomy or lithotripsy, are at high risk of developing late complications and need a long follow-up. In cases with obstruction due to urethral stones the management is straightforward but in asymptomatic patients the diagnosis is usually missed or delayed. Therefore, careful evaluation of the patient is essential in order to prevent any unwanted situation such as catheterization failure. Authors’ present a case of an 82-year-old male who accidentally diagnosed with a large stone impacted in the prostatic cavity after urinary catheterization failure during a scheduled open hernia repair surgery. The patient had a history of previous open prostatectomy and he was completely asymptomatic. An emergency cystoscopic evaluation revealed the cause of the prostatic urethral obstruction. The urinary stone was subsequently managed endoscopically on the spot.

scholarly journals Etiology and pathogenesis in the causation of vesical calculus: a prospective study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1004
Author(s):  
Ramachandra M. L. ◽  
Pradeep Kumar H. D.
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Bladder Outlet Obstruction ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Outlet Obstruction ◽  
Urinary Stone ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Vesical Calculus ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Vesical calculus are the most common manifestation of lower urinary tract stones accounting for approximately 5% of all urinary stone diseases. In pediatric population bladder stones are most commonly due to malnutrition and poor socioeconomic factors. In adults they are most commonly associated with bladder outlet obstruction. In this context we study the different etiological factors and pathogenesis in the causation of vesical calculus.Methods: This is a prospective study that included 40 patients admitted with clinical diagnosis of vesical calculus at KR Hospital, Mysore from June 2016 to May 2017.Results: Maximum patients belong to age group of 51-60 years (30%) and minimum numbers belongs to age group of 1-10, 11-20 and 81-90 years age group. Male to female ration in present study is 5:1. In present study patients with bore well as source of water were highest in number i.e., 22 patients. Maximum number of patients i.e., 22 patients (55%) presented with history of pain abdomen and 15 patients (37.5%) with dysuria. Twenty-four patients (60%) had alkaline urine. Urine albumin was positive in 10 patients (25%), urine sugar was present in 8 patients (20%), pus cells were found in urine of 28 patients (70%) and RBCs were present in 24 patients (60). Klebsiella was the commonest organism isolated from the urine of 22 patients (55%) and E. coli was isolated in 8 patients (20%). Ultrasonography of abdomen and pelvis detected associated other conditions such as hydroureteronephrosis in 8 patients (20%), cystitis in 10 patients (25%) and benign prostatic hyperplasia in 20 patients (50%).Conclusions: Bladder calculi are most common in people of old age group indicating obstruction could be the cause for stone formation. They are rarely formed spontaneously. There must be an inciting event namely bladder outlet obstruction or infection to promote the stone formation.

scholarly journals Proteus mirabilis Urease: Unsuspected Non-Enzymatic Properties Relevant to Pathogenicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 7205
Author(s):  
Matheus V. C. Grahl ◽  
Augusto F. Uberti ◽  
Valquiria Broll ◽  
Paula Bacaicoa-Caruso ◽  
Evelin F. Meirelles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Urinary Stone ◽  
Enzymatic Properties ◽  
Hek293 Cells ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Isolated Cells ◽  
Tnf Α

Infection by Proteus mirabilis causes urinary stones and catheter incrustation due to ammonia formed by urease (PMU), one of its virulence factors. Non-enzymatic properties, such as pro-inflammatory and neurotoxic activities, were previously reported for distinct ureases, including that of the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori. Here, PMU was assayed on isolated cells to evaluate its non-enzymatic properties. Purified PMU (nanomolar range) was tested in human (platelets, HEK293 and SH-SY5Y) cells, and in murine microglia (BV-2). PMU promoted platelet aggregation. It did not affect cellular viability and no ammonia was detected in the cultures’ supernatants. PMU-treated HEK293 cells acquired a pro-inflammatory phenotype, producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α. SH-SY5Y cells stimulated with PMU showed high levels of intracellular Ca2+ and ROS production, but unlike BV-2 cells, SH-SY5Y did not synthesize TNF-α and IL-1β. Texas Red-labeled PMU was found in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus of all cell types. Bioinformatic analysis revealed two bipartite nuclear localization sequences in PMU. We have shown that PMU, besides urinary stone formation, can potentially contribute in other ways to pathogenesis. Our data suggest that PMU triggers pro-inflammatory effects and may affect cells beyond the renal system, indicating a possible role in extra-urinary diseases.

scholarly journals Nutrition and Kidney Stone Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1917
Author(s):  
Roswitha Siener
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Urinary Stone ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Dietary Therapy ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Kidney Stone Disease ◽  
Nutrition And Diet

The prevalence of kidney stone disease is increasing worldwide. The recurrence rate of urinary stones is estimated to be up to 50%. Nephrolithiasis is associated with increased risk of chronic and end stage kidney disease. Diet composition is considered to play a crucial role in urinary stone formation. There is strong evidence that an inadequate fluid intake is the major dietary risk factor for urolithiasis. While the benefit of high fluid intake has been confirmed, the effect of different beverages, such as tap water, mineral water, fruit juices, soft drinks, tea and coffee, are debated. Other nutritional factors, including dietary protein, carbohydrates, oxalate, calcium and sodium chloride can also modulate the urinary risk profile and contribute to the risk of kidney stone formation. The assessment of nutritional risk factors is an essential component in the specific dietary therapy of kidney stone patients. An appropriate dietary intervention can contribute to the effective prevention of recurrent stones and reduce the burden of invasive surgical procedures for the treatment of urinary stone disease. This narrative review has intended to provide a comprehensive and updated overview on the role of nutrition and diet in kidney stone disease.

scholarly journals Transmurally migrated gossypiboma rarely posing as surgical site infection: a case report and review of literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 3500
Author(s):  
Amrita Gaurav ◽  
Juhi Mishra ◽  
Om Kumari ◽  
Kavita Khoiwal ◽  
Farhanul Huda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Sigmoid Colon ◽  
Primary Repair ◽  
Wound Dehiscence ◽  
Colon Perforation ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Surgical Sponge ◽  
Ileal Loop ◽  
Sigmoid Colon Perforation

The term gossypiboma is used to describe a retained surgical sponge or gauge after surgery. The clinical features range from being asymptomatic to frank bowel obstruction, perforation and peritonitis. Radiological modalities also do not provide a definite diagnosis. We report a case of a 30-year-old lady who presented to the emergency room with recurrent surgical site infection. She had a history of caesarean section 5 months ago. Following the caesarean section, she developed superficial wound dehiscence which was re-sutured. At the present facility, the lady underwent Computed tomography (CT) scan and was suspected to have a foreign body around the gut. She was planned for an exploratory laparotomy. Upon laparotomy, a large thick-walled ileal loop with some unusual intra luminal mass was found. Dense adhesions were present between the ileal loop and sigmoid colon. Adhesiolysis led to an iatrogenic sigmoid colon perforation, around 2 cm length. On incision over the ileal loop, surgical sponge was retrieved. Ileal loop was resected along with perforated site with end-to-end ileo-ileal anastomosis was done. Primary repair of sigmoid colon perforation was done. Patient was stable in postoperative period. Although rare, gossypiboma should be kept in mind as a differential diagnosis in postoperative cases presenting with recurrent surgical site infection.

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