scholarly journals Participatory analysis and evaluation of IPM practices against sucking pests of Bt cotton

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-81
Author(s):  
Shakti Khajuria ◽  
◽  
A.K. Rai ◽  
B.S. Khadda ◽  
Raj Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Spray Application ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Leaf Hopper ◽  
Participatory Analysis

Farmer’s participatory demonstrations were evaluated during kharif seasons of 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 at four villages of Panchmahal district, Gujarat to introduce IPM practice and to evaluate their effectiveness through demonstrations. Farmers identified several constraints of which, increased infestation of sucking insect pests viz., aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover), leaf hopper (Amrasca biguttula biguttula Ishida) and whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) were the most important. IPM practice consisting of one spray application of Beauveria bassiana (2 x 108cfu) @ 4 g /l water, two spray applications of thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.01 per cent (0.4 g /l water) and one spray application of acephate 75 SP @ 0.075 per cent (1 g /l water) following threshold level (5 sucking pests /leaf) was found effective and economical for the management of sucking insect pests without any adverse effect on the natural enemies in Bt cotton. The application of this practice also resulted higher seed cotton yield as compared to farmers practice.

scholarly journals Early maturing Bt cotton requires more potassium fertilizer under water deficiency to augment seed-cotton yield but not lint quality

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Naeem Shahzad ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
Malik Ghulam Asghar ◽  
Muhammad Kamran Qureshi ◽  
Syed Asad Hussain Bukhari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Water Deficiency ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Early Maturing

scholarly journals Evaluation of yield, yield components and incidence of CLCV disease through planting times and varietal interaction in cotton in the Multan region

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Salma Naimatullah
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Boll Weight

Five Bt cotton varieties were evaluated for five different parameters (plant height, number of bolls per plant, boll weight, seed cotton yield and CLCV incidence after 105 days of planting) under six different sowing times (01 March, 15 March, 01 April, 15 April, 01 May and 15 May) at CCRI, Multan during the year 2018.Results revealed highly significant differences among the varieties, sowing times and their interaction for all the traits under study. Regarding sowing times, highest yield (3676 kg/ha) was produced when the sowing was done on 01 March followed by March 15 sowing (3496 kg/ha) with 4.3 and 6.1 CLCuV incidence% respectively after 105 days of sowing.However, lowest yield of 2483 kg/ha was achieved through 15 May planting with 96.7% CLCuV incidence. Regarding varietal performance, CYTO-313 excelled all other varieties by producing 3356 kg/ha seed cotton yield followed by CIM-343 (3195 kg/ha) with CLCuV percent incidence of 53.1 and 50.9 respectively at 105 days of planting.It was concluded from the present investigations that first March sowing is the optimum sowing time with zero percent CLCuV incidence for Multan region. Furthermore, variety CYTO-313 should be given primacy on other four varieties when farmer is going to adopt first March sowing.

scholarly journals Resource Use Efficiency, Productivity and Profitability of Bt Cotton (interspecific) as Influenced by Crop Geometry and Drip Fertigation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Baskar ◽  
R. Jagannathan
Keyword(s):  
Resource Use ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Crop Geometry ◽  
Drip Fertigation

Background: Cotton is one of the important commercial crops cultivated in India for fibre and oil. The average cotton productivity of India is lower compared to other countries. Among the improved agronomic practices, important yield contributing agro techniques are crop geometry and fertilizer application. Drip irrigation and use of water soluble fertilizers (WSF) by drip system is a recommended practice to increase both water and nutrient use efficiency. Taking this aspect, a field investigation was carried out to find the resource use efficiency, productivity and profitability of inter specific Bt cotton hybrid with different levels crop geometry and drip fertigation. Methods: A field experiment was conducted at TNAU, Coimbatore during 2013 and 2014 for two consecutive years. The experiment was laid out in a strip plot design with three replications. The treatments in main plot consisted of four crop geometry levels (120 x 60 cm, 120 x 90 cm, 150 x 60 cm and 150 x 90 cm) and sub plots consisted of four nutrient levels viz., 75 %, 100 %, 125 % of recommended dose as water soluble fertilizer (WSF) through drip system and as conventional practice. Resource use efficiency (water, nutrient), seed cotton yield and profitability of the system were recorded. Result: The experiment revealed that the fertilizer use efficiency and the efficiency of individual nutrient (partial factor productivity) for the crop geometry of 120 x 90 cm and 75% RDF were higher in both the years. The crop geometry of 120 x 90 cm in combination with 125% RDF effectively utilized the water as indicated by its water use efficiency and comparable results was also obtained with 100% RDF. The mean (2012-13 and 2013-14) seed cotton yield of 2,713 kg ha-1 in 120 x 90 cm kg ha-1 for 125% RDF was 41.5 per cent higher compared to their lower counterpart. Their interaction was significant, consequently the treatment M2S3 (120 x 90 cm and 125% RDF) recorded higher mean (both years) seed cotton of 3,176 kg ha-1 which was nearly 93.7 per cent increase over conventional irrigation and fertilizer application (M4S4). Here M1S2 could be considered as alternate option as it maintained similarity with the best treatment. The gross and net return was estimated to be higher with spacing of 120 x 90 cm with 125 % RDF and however the benefit cost ratio was higher with 120 x 90 cm with 100 % RDF followed by 120 x 60 cm with 100 % RDF.

scholarly journals Microclimatic conditions and seed cotton yield as affected by sowing time, row orientation and plant spacing under Bt cotton hybrid

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 729-738
Author(s):  
DHIR ABHISHEK ◽  
PAL R K ◽  
KINGRA P K ◽  
MISHRA S K
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Cotton Hybrid ◽  
East West

Microclimatic modifications are the effective and suitable adaptation strategy to minimize the adverse affect of weather on cotton. In this context, multi-location field experiments were laid out at Bathinda and Faridkot, districts of Punjab during Kharif 2018 with Bt-cotton hybrid RCH 773 BGII and sown at three times i.e., April 30, May 15 and May 30 with two row orientations (North-South: N-S and East-West : E-W) and three plant spacing’s (67.5 cm × 45.0 cm, 67.5 cm × 60.0 cm and 67.5 cm × 75.0 cm) in factorial split plot design and replicated by three times. The results revealed that during the morning (0730 IST) and afternoon time (1430 IST), soil and within-canopy temperature were found higher during emergence and mid growth stages with delayed sowing which reduced the crop growing period and resulted the seed cotton yield to be declined with delayed sowing. On the other hand, morning and afternoon within-canopy relative humidity was recorded higher with delayed sowing during sensitive stages of the crop which provided favorable weather for higher infestation of cotton insect-pest and disease and caused reduction in seed cotton yield at both the study locations. Soil temperature and within-canopy temperature were recorded higher in East-West row oriented, while within-canopy RH was higher under North-South row orientation at both the study regions. During entire growth period of cotton, soil temperature and within-canopy temperature recorded during morning and afternoon hours were found to be increased with increase in plant spacing whereas within-canopy relative humidity during morning and afternoon hours was found to be decreased with increase in plant spacing at both the locations. Among microclimatic parameters, higher variation was observed between sowing dates, while lesser variation was recorded among row orientations and plant spacings.

scholarly journals Planting geometry and nutrient levels affecting seed cotton yield, productivity indices and economic parameters of Bt cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1550-1559
Author(s):  
K. Singh ◽  
◽  
P. Rathore ◽  
Keyword(s):  
North India ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Nutrient Levels ◽  
Planting Geometry ◽  
Economic Parameters ◽  
Productivity Indices

Aim: Lack of location specific information on nutrition requirement and planting geometry needs of Bt cotton hybrids is creating confusion among farmers. Growing Bt hybrids with traditional knowledge or to try different combinations of nutrition and planting geometries is often non-remunerative. Therefore, studies were initiated to find out the optimum combination of planting geometry and nutritional level for better yield to be advocated among farmers. Methodology: A field experiment comprising of 4 planting geometries (PG1 :67.5 cm x 60 cm, PG2: 67.5 cm x 75 cm, PG3:100 cm x 45 cm and PG4: 100 cm x 60 cm) in main and 3 nutrient levels {NL1 :150:30:50:25 (N: P :K :Zn in kg ha-1), NL2:150:40:20:24 and NL3 :175:60:60:25} in sub plots of split plot design was conducted during 2016 and 2017 at Faridkot. Results: Among planting geometries, PG3 (3303 kg ha-1) recorded the highest seed cotton yield (SCY), while PG4 (2728 kg ha-1) recorded least despite highest bolls per plant. Though nutrition levels varied non-significantly for SCY, yet NL2 exhibited better fertilizer use efficiency (FUE), i.e., 13.64, indicative of its advantages over NL1 (11.93) and NL3 (9.77). Interpretation: Thus, based on the present study a PG of 67.5x75 cm and NL of 150:40:20:24 ( N: P :K :Zn in kg ha-1) is recommended. Productivity indices as well as economic parameters elucidate that nutrition rates could be further reduced by 86 kg ha-1 (i.e., 25:20:40:1 kg of N, P, K and Zn) which amount to 33 $ ha-1 from what farmers (NL3) are applying, without any yield loss. Present findings can reduce fertilizer cost and could save 0.13 million ton of fertilizer in ~1.54 million ha of north India alone.

scholarly journals Cotton phenology and production response to sowing time, row orientation and plant spacing using CROPGRO-cotton model

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-634
Author(s):  
ABHISHEK DHIR ◽  
R. K. PAL ◽  
P. K. KINGRA ◽  
S. K. MISHRA ◽  
S. S. SANDHU
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
East West

The DSSAT module for cotton crop has been evaluated as a tool to predict the crop growth and yield response to microclimatic modifications. In this context, multi-location field experiments were laid out at Bathinda and Faridkot, districts of Punjab during Kharif 2018 with Bt-cotton hybrid RCH 773 BGII and sown at three times, i.e., April 30, May 15 and May 30 with two row orientations (North-South : N-S and East-West : E-W) and three plant spacing’s (67.5 cm × 45.0 cm, 67.5 cm × 60.0 cm and 67.5 cm × 75.0 cm) in factorial split plot design and replicated by three times. The model output in terms of simulated phenology showed close proximity over observed value having R2 of 0.51 and 0.61 at Bathinda and 0.43 and 0.87 at Faridkot anthesis and maturity, respectively. Among study locations, observed and simulated LAI ranged from 2.7 to 3.7 and 1.8 to 3.0. Simulated seed cotton yield was found significantly higher with the crop sown on 30th April (3053 and 3274 kg ha-1) than 30th May sowing (2392 and 2511 kg ha-1) at Bathinda and Faridkot, respectively, which was in good agreement with observed yield having higher value of d-stat (0.84 for Bathinda and 0.89 for Faridkot) and R2 (0.75 for Bathinda and 0.83 for Faridkot). Moreover, higher seed cotton yield was simulated under East-West row direction along with wider plant spacing (67.5 × 75 cm) at both locations. Overall, CROPGRO-cotton model can be used as research tool for the prediction of cotton phenology and yield and to explore site-specific adoption strategies such as appropriate sowing time, row orientation and plant spacing to sustain cotton productivity under changing climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Exogenously Applied Bio-Stimulant and Synthetic Fertilizers to Improve the Growth, Yield and Fiber Quality of Cotton

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arif ◽  
Shadia Kareem ◽  
Nariman Ahmad ◽  
Nazim Hussain ◽  
Azra Yasmeen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Exogenous Application ◽  
Synthetic Fertilizers ◽  
Cotton Cultivar

The effects of exogenously applied Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MLE), nitrogen and potassium were studied on the productivity and quality of two cotton cultivars (CIM-573) and transgenic Bt cotton (CIM-598). The Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) factorial experiment was conducted at Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan (30.2639 °N, 71.5101 °E; 123 m asl), during 2016 and 2017, with three replications. The analysis of variance revealed the significance of cotton cultivars and foliar applications for the majority of traits studied, in both years. The CIM-573 had superiority for most of the traits studied in 2016 and 2017 trials, while the CIM-598 cultivar had significantly higher record for chlorophyll content, seed cotton yield, mean boll weight, and seed index in 2016 and sympodial branches per plant in 2017. Foliar application of Moringa Leaf Extract (MLE) and synthetic fertilizers showed significant differences for the traits studied compared to the distilled water. Exogenous application of MLE has a positive effect on photosynthetic and enzymatic activities that improve the efficiency of nutrients that are utilized, thereby improving the growth, seed cotton yield and quality of cotton cultivars tested. All the interaction effects had a significant influence on the traits studied, except ginning percentage in 2016. The interaction between the conventional cotton cultivar (CIM 573) and exogenous application of MLE + nitrogen + potassium had significantly higher effect on plant height, cotton yield, staple length, fiber maturity, and fiber strength for the 2017 trial and was superior for the quality parameters in 2017. The interaction of the Bt cotton cultivar (CIM 598) and the foliar application of MLE + nitrogen + potassium had superiority in cotton yield, yield components and the quality parameters in the 2017 trial. Both the CIM 573 and CIM 598 cotton cultivars had consistent expressions for all quality traits studied, although they did fluctuate in their expression to these agronomic traits between the field trials of 2016 and 2017. Additive gene effects could be the explanation for the unstable effects of yield and the related traits in the different environmental conditions of the field trials in the two years. Our results suggest that the exogenous application of MLE alone and in combination with nitrogen and potassium could be used to improve the productivity and the quality of these cotton cultivars. The correlation coefficients indicate strong associations between the agronomic and quality traits, indicating that one or more yield parameters could be used as selection criteria to improve the productivity and quality of cotton.

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