scholarly journals Microclimatic conditions and seed cotton yield as affected by sowing time, row orientation and plant spacing under Bt cotton hybrid

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 729-738
Author(s):  
DHIR ABHISHEK ◽  
PAL R K ◽  
KINGRA P K ◽  
MISHRA S K
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Cotton Hybrid ◽  
East West

Microclimatic modifications are the effective and suitable adaptation strategy to minimize the adverse affect of weather on cotton. In this context, multi-location field experiments were laid out at Bathinda and Faridkot, districts of Punjab during Kharif 2018 with Bt-cotton hybrid RCH 773 BGII and sown at three times i.e., April 30, May 15 and May 30 with two row orientations (North-South: N-S and East-West : E-W) and three plant spacing’s (67.5 cm × 45.0 cm, 67.5 cm × 60.0 cm and 67.5 cm × 75.0 cm) in factorial split plot design and replicated by three times. The results revealed that during the morning (0730 IST) and afternoon time (1430 IST), soil and within-canopy temperature were found higher during emergence and mid growth stages with delayed sowing which reduced the crop growing period and resulted the seed cotton yield to be declined with delayed sowing. On the other hand, morning and afternoon within-canopy relative humidity was recorded higher with delayed sowing during sensitive stages of the crop which provided favorable weather for higher infestation of cotton insect-pest and disease and caused reduction in seed cotton yield at both the study locations. Soil temperature and within-canopy temperature were recorded higher in East-West row oriented, while within-canopy RH was higher under North-South row orientation at both the study regions. During entire growth period of cotton, soil temperature and within-canopy temperature recorded during morning and afternoon hours were found to be increased with increase in plant spacing whereas within-canopy relative humidity during morning and afternoon hours was found to be decreased with increase in plant spacing at both the locations. Among microclimatic parameters, higher variation was observed between sowing dates, while lesser variation was recorded among row orientations and plant spacings.

scholarly journals Cotton phenology and production response to sowing time, row orientation and plant spacing using CROPGRO-cotton model

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-634
Author(s):  
ABHISHEK DHIR ◽  
R. K. PAL ◽  
P. K. KINGRA ◽  
S. K. MISHRA ◽  
S. S. SANDHU
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
East West

The DSSAT module for cotton crop has been evaluated as a tool to predict the crop growth and yield response to microclimatic modifications. In this context, multi-location field experiments were laid out at Bathinda and Faridkot, districts of Punjab during Kharif 2018 with Bt-cotton hybrid RCH 773 BGII and sown at three times, i.e., April 30, May 15 and May 30 with two row orientations (North-South : N-S and East-West : E-W) and three plant spacing’s (67.5 cm × 45.0 cm, 67.5 cm × 60.0 cm and 67.5 cm × 75.0 cm) in factorial split plot design and replicated by three times. The model output in terms of simulated phenology showed close proximity over observed value having R2 of 0.51 and 0.61 at Bathinda and 0.43 and 0.87 at Faridkot anthesis and maturity, respectively. Among study locations, observed and simulated LAI ranged from 2.7 to 3.7 and 1.8 to 3.0. Simulated seed cotton yield was found significantly higher with the crop sown on 30th April (3053 and 3274 kg ha-1) than 30th May sowing (2392 and 2511 kg ha-1) at Bathinda and Faridkot, respectively, which was in good agreement with observed yield having higher value of d-stat (0.84 for Bathinda and 0.89 for Faridkot) and R2 (0.75 for Bathinda and 0.83 for Faridkot). Moreover, higher seed cotton yield was simulated under East-West row direction along with wider plant spacing (67.5 × 75 cm) at both locations. Overall, CROPGRO-cotton model can be used as research tool for the prediction of cotton phenology and yield and to explore site-specific adoption strategies such as appropriate sowing time, row orientation and plant spacing to sustain cotton productivity under changing climatic conditions.

scholarly journals PLANT SPACING AND ITS EFFECT ON YIELD, FIBRE QUALITY AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN COTTON

2021 ◽  
Vol 186 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-215
Author(s):  
Rojda Altundag ◽  
Emine Karademir
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Fibre Quality ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Fibre Yield

The purpose of this study was to see how changing plant spacings affected cotton yield, yield components, fibre quality traits, and physiological parameters. In this study, six plant spacings (no thinning, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 cm) were investigated. Plant density caused significant differences in the number of first fruiting branches, number of bolls, ginning percentage, seed cotton yield, fibre yield, and normalised difference vegetative index (NDVI). Plant height, the number of sympodial branches, number of monopodial branches, boll weight, seed cotton weight/boll, number of 100-seed weight, seeds/boll, canopy temperature, chlorophyll content, leaf area, and fibre quality properties (micronaire, length, strength, elongation, uniformity, short fibre index, reflectance, yellowness, and spinning consistency index [SCI] were non-significant. The highest values of seed cotton yield, fibre yield, ginning percentage, number of first fruiting branches, and NDVI were obtained in the no thinning and 5 cm plant spacing applications, while the highest boll number was obtained at 20 and 25 cm plant spacings. In this study, physiological parameters, such as canopy temperature, leaf area, chlorophyll content, and fibre technological traits, were not affected by plant spacing. The highest seed cotton yield, fibre yield, ginning percentage and NDVI were obtained from no thinning and 5 cm intra-row spacing, indicating their impact on examined characteristics. Therefore, a yield estimation can be made in the flowering period with the NDVI in different plant densities in cotton.

scholarly journals RESPONSE OF COTTON TO NITROGEN FERTILIZER AND SPACING BETWEEN HOLES

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alubaidi & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Lint Yield ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

This experiment was conducted at the farm of field crop department, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad during two summer seasons (2010 and 2011) in order to know the response of cotton var. Lashata to nitrogen levels and spacing between holes. A randomized complete block design under arrangement of split plot with four replications was used. The plant spacing; 10, 20 and 30 cm between holes and 75 cm between rows considered as main plots, while three nitrogen levels (150, 200 and 250 Kg N.ha-1) are considered as sub plots. The results showed that using 10 cm between hills were significantly superior in boll weight (3.69 and 4.26) gm.boll-1, seed cotton yield (3.03 and 3.6) t.ha-1 and lint yield (1.13 and 1.30) t.ha-1 in both seasons 2010 and 2011 respectively. While, 30 cm spacing significantly superior in number of open bolls (12.10 and 13.6) bolls.plant-1 and ginning percentage (39.05 and 37.44)% in both seasons respectively. The nitrogen fertilizer 250 kg N ha-1 was significantly superior in dehiscence bolls number, seed cotton yield, lint yield and ginning percentage in both seasons 2010 and 2011 respectively. It can be concluded that 'using 10 cm spacing between holes with 250 kg N ha-1 to achieve highest seed cotton yield.  

scholarly journals Early maturing Bt cotton requires more potassium fertilizer under water deficiency to augment seed-cotton yield but not lint quality

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Naeem Shahzad ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
Malik Ghulam Asghar ◽  
Muhammad Kamran Qureshi ◽  
Syed Asad Hussain Bukhari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Water Deficiency ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Early Maturing

scholarly journals Evaluation of yield, yield components and incidence of CLCV disease through planting times and varietal interaction in cotton in the Multan region

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Salma Naimatullah
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Boll Weight

Five Bt cotton varieties were evaluated for five different parameters (plant height, number of bolls per plant, boll weight, seed cotton yield and CLCV incidence after 105 days of planting) under six different sowing times (01 March, 15 March, 01 April, 15 April, 01 May and 15 May) at CCRI, Multan during the year 2018.Results revealed highly significant differences among the varieties, sowing times and their interaction for all the traits under study. Regarding sowing times, highest yield (3676 kg/ha) was produced when the sowing was done on 01 March followed by March 15 sowing (3496 kg/ha) with 4.3 and 6.1 CLCuV incidence% respectively after 105 days of sowing.However, lowest yield of 2483 kg/ha was achieved through 15 May planting with 96.7% CLCuV incidence. Regarding varietal performance, CYTO-313 excelled all other varieties by producing 3356 kg/ha seed cotton yield followed by CIM-343 (3195 kg/ha) with CLCuV percent incidence of 53.1 and 50.9 respectively at 105 days of planting.It was concluded from the present investigations that first March sowing is the optimum sowing time with zero percent CLCuV incidence for Multan region. Furthermore, variety CYTO-313 should be given primacy on other four varieties when farmer is going to adopt first March sowing.

scholarly journals Planting geometry and nutrient levels affecting seed cotton yield, productivity indices and economic parameters of Bt cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1550-1559
Author(s):  
K. Singh ◽  
◽  
P. Rathore ◽  
Keyword(s):  
North India ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Nutrient Levels ◽  
Planting Geometry ◽  
Economic Parameters ◽  
Productivity Indices

Aim: Lack of location specific information on nutrition requirement and planting geometry needs of Bt cotton hybrids is creating confusion among farmers. Growing Bt hybrids with traditional knowledge or to try different combinations of nutrition and planting geometries is often non-remunerative. Therefore, studies were initiated to find out the optimum combination of planting geometry and nutritional level for better yield to be advocated among farmers. Methodology: A field experiment comprising of 4 planting geometries (PG1 :67.5 cm x 60 cm, PG2: 67.5 cm x 75 cm, PG3:100 cm x 45 cm and PG4: 100 cm x 60 cm) in main and 3 nutrient levels {NL1 :150:30:50:25 (N: P :K :Zn in kg ha-1), NL2:150:40:20:24 and NL3 :175:60:60:25} in sub plots of split plot design was conducted during 2016 and 2017 at Faridkot. Results: Among planting geometries, PG3 (3303 kg ha-1) recorded the highest seed cotton yield (SCY), while PG4 (2728 kg ha-1) recorded least despite highest bolls per plant. Though nutrition levels varied non-significantly for SCY, yet NL2 exhibited better fertilizer use efficiency (FUE), i.e., 13.64, indicative of its advantages over NL1 (11.93) and NL3 (9.77). Interpretation: Thus, based on the present study a PG of 67.5x75 cm and NL of 150:40:20:24 ( N: P :K :Zn in kg ha-1) is recommended. Productivity indices as well as economic parameters elucidate that nutrition rates could be further reduced by 86 kg ha-1 (i.e., 25:20:40:1 kg of N, P, K and Zn) which amount to 33 $ ha-1 from what farmers (NL3) are applying, without any yield loss. Present findings can reduce fertilizer cost and could save 0.13 million ton of fertilizer in ~1.54 million ha of north India alone.

scholarly journals Response of different Bt cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) hybrids to canopy modification practices

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1188-1197
Author(s):  
Amit Kaul ◽  
J. S. Deol ◽  
A. S. Brar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Verse Effect

A field investigation was carried out to characterize the growth and development of Bt cotton hybrids by detopping and use of plant growth retardants during the rainy (kharif) season of 2011 and 2012. The experimental site had loamy sand soils with normal in reaction. The experiment (split plot) involved three Bt cotton hybrids (MRC 7017, MRC 7031 and RCH 314) in main plots and growth regulation treatments (Mepiquat chloride (MC) @ 300 ppm, 2, 3, 5-tri iodo benzoic acid (TIBA) @ 100 ppm and Maelic hydrazide (MH) @ 250 ppm) in sub plots with four replications. Hybrid MRC 7017 produced significantly higher (p<0.01) seed cotton yield which was attributed to the maximum number of sympodial branches plant-1, total number of flowers and picked bolls plant-1. Application of MC @ 300 ppm, TIBA @ 100 ppm and MH @ 250 ppm reduced plant height, leaf area index and total dry matter accu-mulation than control. Detopping treatment significantly (p<0.01) reduced plant height than control but attained more plant height than all the PGRs. MC @ 300 ppm, TIBA @ 100 ppm and MH @ 250 ppm at 80 days after sowing had beneficial effect on seed cotton yield. Detopping done at 80 days after sowing failed to influence the seed cotton yield dur-ing both the years. The results revealed that foliar application of MC @ 300 ppm yielded more seed cotton by improv-ing the setting percentage and therefore, increased number of picked (open) bolls plant-1 without exhibiting any ad-verse effect on quality traits.

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