scholarly journals Biology study of white grub Holotrichia nagpurensis (Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
Seema Rani ◽  
◽  
Riazuddin . ◽  
Rinni Saharwat ◽  
Manish Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Adult Longevity ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Moist Soil ◽  
Maize Roots

Biology of polyphagous insect pest Holotrichia nagpurensis was studies in laboratory during 2019-2020. H. nagpurensis beetles (all types mated, unmated, male and female) were collected by using Light traps (fitted with 6-8 watts mercury tube Light; ACTINIC BL, PHILIPS) placed nearby host Neem trees, Azadirachta indica, Guava, Psidium guajava, Bakayan, Melia azedarach, in evening time from 7:45 to 9: 45 pm in the moths of June-July from Noorpur village in Ghaziabad district of Uttar Pradesh, India (28.7444° N, 77.5526° E) and identified by National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru, Indian Council of Agricultural Research. All collected beetles kept individually in 1 liter capacity containers with moist soil. The mated female laid eggs an average of 29.800±3.247 eggs singly at a depth of 5-10 cm in the moist soil. The incubation period of the eggs was 12.960±0.501 days. 1st instars lasted 17.660±0.510 days; subsequent 2nd and 3rd instars were lasted for 35.140±0.530 and 86.120±0.800 days, respectively. The pupal period was recorded about 25.860±0.515 days and adult longevity was observed 101.860±3.575 days. Total life cycle recorded 277.960±3.371 days with 59.840±4.676 % survival and 0.518±0.039, 3.548±0.080 and 0.368±0.026 larval growth index, pupal growth index and developmental index respectively. All grubs feed on live maize roots in controlled conditions up to pupation. The simple methodology for rearing of root grubs on live maize roots under laboratory conditions was attempted and life cycle of H. nagpurensis was studied successfully.

Infectivity of entomopathogenic nematodes against the legume pod-borer, Maruca vitrata Fabricius, infesting pigeon pea

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pervez ◽  
U. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Indian Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Maruca Vitrata ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Legume Pod Borer ◽  
Maximum Penetration

Abstract The legume pod-borer, Maruca vitrata Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) (LPB), is an important insect pest of pigeon pea. Chemical pesticides are generally employed to manage this pest, but because of the soil residue issues and other environmental hazards associated with their use, biopesticides are also in demand. Another benign alternative is to use entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) to manage this vital pest. In the present study, the infectivity of ten native EPNs was evaluated against LPB by assessing their penetration and production in the LPB. The effectiveness of the promising EPNs against second-, third- and fourth-instar LPB larvae was also studied. Heterorhabditis sp. (Indian Agricultural Research Institute-Entomopathogenic Nematodes Rashid Pervez (IARI-EPN RP) 06) and Oscheius sp. (IARI-EPN RP 08) were found to be most pathogenic to LPB, resulting in about 100% mortality within 72 h, followed by Steinernema sp. (IARI-EPN RP 03 and 09). Oscheius sp. (IARI-EPN RP 04) was found to be the least pathogenic to LPB larva with 67% mortality. Maximum penetration was exhibited by Heterorhabditis sp. (IARI-EPN RP 06) followed by Oscheius sp. (IARI-EPN RP 08), whereas the lowest rate of penetration was exhibited by Oscheius sp. (IARI-EPN RP 01). The highest rate of production was observed with Oscheius sp. (IARI-EPN RP 08), followed by Oscheius sp. (IARI-EPN RP 04 and 10). Among the tested instars of the LPB larvae, second-instar larvae were more susceptible to EPNs, followed by third- and fourth-instar larvae. The results indicate that Heterorhabditis sp. (IARI-EPN RP 06) and Oscheius sp. (IARI-EPN RP 08) have a good potential to the manage LPB.

scholarly journals Biology of pink stem borer, Sesamia inferens (Walker) on maize, Zea mays

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1994-2003
Author(s):  
Hemant Sharma ◽  
Maha Singh Jaglan ◽  
S. S. Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Adult Longevity ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Sesamia Inferens ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Total Life

Biology of pink stem borer, Sesamia inferens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) was conducted during 2015-16 in laboratories of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Regional Research Station, Karnal on HQPM 1 (hybrid) and HKI 1128 (inbred) for two generations at room temperature. Results on biology of S. inferens in the first generation revealed that incubation period varied from 10-14 days on HQPM 1 and 11-15 days on HKI 1128. The larval duration lasted for 21-37 days on HQPM 1 and 24-39 days on HKI 1128. The adult longevity of male and female ranged from 6-7 days and 7-8 days on HQPM 1 and 5-7 days and 6-7 days on HKI 1128, respectively. The total life span ranged from 63-72 days for female and 45-58 days for male on HQPM 1 and 65-74 days for female and 49-62 days for male on HKI 1128, respectively in the first generation. The total life span in second generation ranged 94-107 days for female and 83-96 days for male on HQPM 1 and 98-112 days for female and 86-101 days for male on HKI 1128. The biology of an insect pest is a condition precedent to find out its management strategies. The biology of S. inferens on maize has not yet been studied in north western part of the country. Having regards to the fact that no systematic work on this aspect has been carried out, studies were conducted on biology of this pest for developing efficient pest management strategies.

Detection of Adelges tsugae (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) wool using Velcro-covered balls

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jeffrey G. Fidgen ◽  
Mark C. Whitmore ◽  
Chris J.K. MacQuarrie ◽  
Jean J. Turgeon
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
North America ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Adelges Tsugae ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Sample Sizes ◽  
Field Sampling ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Precision Level ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), a nonindigenous insect pest of hemlock (Tsuga spp.) (Pinaceae) in eastern North America, spends most of its life cycle within an ovisac, which resembles a woolly white mass on twigs. We evaluated the probability of detecting adelgid wool with Velcro®-covered balls when taking an increasing number of samples per tree (field sampling) and number of trees per simulated stand. We examined the relationship between the detection of adelgid wool using this technique and the incidence of A. tsugae-infested twigs by sampling lower-crown branch tips of the same trees. We found that the probability of detecting wool with ball sampling increased with number of ball samples per tree, with number of trees per simulated stand, and with increasing incidence of ovisacs in the lower crown. When sampling an individual tree, we found that 20 ball samples per tree achieved a targeted precision level of 0.75, but when sampling a stand, we found that 10 ball samples per tree took the least time for the range of simulated A. tsugae infestations we tested. These sample sizes are recommended for detection of A. tsugae infestations on an individual tree and in a hemlock stand.

scholarly journals Description and Biological Studies of a New Species of Metaphycus Mercet, 1917 (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), A Parasitoid of Capulinia linarosae Kondo & Gullan

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 117954331985796
Author(s):  
Dorys T Chirinos ◽  
Takumasa Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Adult Longevity ◽  
Single Male ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
Baseline Information

The guava cottony scale, Capulinia linarosae Kondo & Gullan (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae), is an important pest of guava, Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae) in northern Colombia and Venezuela. A species of Metaphycus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) is the only known primary parasitoid associated with this insect pest. The parasitoid is herein described as M. marensis Chirinos & Kondo, sp. nov., based on morphological characteristics of the adult female and male. Biological studies on adult longevity, fecundity, host preference, and sex ratio were conducted. The maximum longevity of the female and the male were 8.0 and 6.5 days, respectively, when fed with diluted honey. On average, a fed mated female laid approximately 40 eggs. Adult females of M. marensis were shown to prefer to parasitize 11- to 15-day-old adult females of C. linarosae and do not parasitize first-instar nymphs of the host eriococcid. The female-to-male sex ratio of the parasitoid was 2.24: 1. When ovipositing females of M. marensis were given only small-sized individuals (second-instar nymphs) of C. linarosae, generally the resulting progeny was a single male wasp. This parasitoid species has arrhenotokous reproduction and is a facultative gregarious parasitoid. These results show a short adult longevity, as well as a relatively low fecundity of the female compared with studies conducted on other Metaphycus species. This study provides essential baseline information for future biological control programmes for C. linarosae.

Strategies for controlling western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera)

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Széll ◽  
I. Zsellér ◽  
G. Ripka ◽  
J. Kiss ◽  
G. Princzinger
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera ◽  
Western Corn Rootworm ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Small Plot

Western corn rootworm (WCR) first appeared in Europe near Belgrade airport in 1992. The first adult of this species was found near Mórahalom, in the southern part of Hungary, on 30th June 1995. Small-plot trials were started in Szeged (Cereal Research Non-Profit Co.) and large-scale trials in Mezohegyes (Ménesbirtok Ltd.) in 1996 to elaborate strategies to control this insect pest. To make the work more efficient, eight experts working at different institutions formed a team. At the same time, monitoring was begun on when and where the insect appeared and in what numbers. The experiments were adapted to the life cycle of the species. WCR has one generation per year, laying eggs that overwinter. Larvae begin to hatch in late May to mid-June. Adults emerge by mid-July and survive till early October. They lay eggs in abundance from mid-July to late August.  Trials were conducted to control WCR both with and without chemicals. For adult control pesticides were sprayed from an aircraft or using a field sprayer. Larval control involved seed treatment with insecticide or the use of soil insecticide at planting or at cultivation.

Insect pest complex of rose at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Ambalavayal, Wayanad

2017 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
R. Smitha ◽  
P. Rajendran ◽  
P.T. Sandhya ◽  
V.S. Aparna ◽  
P.C. Rajees
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Agricultural Research Station
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