scholarly journals Results of a Study of Bone Mineral Density in Children and Adolescents with Low-energy Fractures of Long Bones

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (56) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Zamirbek Matanov ◽  
◽  
Fayzulla Umarov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Sick Children

The aim: to determine the initial indicators of bone mineral density in children and adolescents with fractures of long bones, to assess the status of vitamin D. Methods. We studied the data of densitometric and laboratory methods of studying 46 sick children (39 (84.8%) boys and 7 (15.2%) girls) with long bone fractures at the age from 6 to 18 years. Bone mineral density was assessed by the method of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry on a bone densitometer using the Eurasian regulatory database. Results. In 9 sick children with fractures, osteopenia of the I degree was revealed, in one patient - osteopenia of the II degree, in 5 patients - osteoporosis of the I degree, in the remaining 31 children the indicators of bone mineral density corresponded to normal values. Low calcium levels in 56.4% of boys and 57.1% of girls, along with increased alkaline phosphatase activity in 94.8% of boys and 100% of girls, testified to impaired bone formation. The results showed that 61.5% of boys were deficient and 57.1% of girls were deficient in vitamin D. Conclusion. Low bone mineral density, the presence of hypovitaminosis D in children and adolescents with low-energy fractures, given the importance of these indicators for fracture healing, require correction of the revealed violations: the choice of more gentle treatment methods, the appointment of adequate drug therapy, dynamic monitoring of the effectiveness of the prescribed therapy, and in children with a confirmed diagnosis of osteoporosis - studies of bone mineral density in dynamics. Key words: bone mineral density, low-energy fractures of long bones, hypovitaminosis D, osteoporosis, fractures in children and adolescents, Uzbekistan.

scholarly journals Nutritional factors associated with femoral neck bone mineral density in children and adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-Hau Gou ◽  
Feng-Jen Tseng ◽  
Sheng-Hao Wang ◽  
Pao-Ju Chen ◽  
Jia-Fwu Shyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Daily Total

Abstract Background Nutritional factors including vitamin D, magnesium, and fat are known to affect bone mineral accrual. This study aimed to evaluate associations between dietary nutrient intakes (both macronutrients and micronutrients) and bone mineral density (BMD) in children and adolescents. Methods Data for this cross-sectional, population-based study were derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Participants aged from 8 to 19 years were included. The primary outcome was femoral neck BMD. Results Multivariate analyses revealed that for participants aged 8 to 11, daily sodium intake was significantly and positively associated with femoral neck BMD (B = 0.9 ×  10− 5, p = 0.031); in particular, subgroup analyses by sex found that in male participants aged 8–11, daily total cholesterol intake (B = 5.3 × 10− 5, p = 0.030) and calcium intake (B = − 2.0 × 10− 5, p < 0.05) were significantly associated with femoral neck BMD in a positive and negative manner, respectively, but neither were observed in female participants of this age group. In contrast, daily intakes of vitamin D and magnesium were significantly and positively associated with femoral neck BMD in female participants aged 8–11 (B = 246.8 × 10− 5 and 16.3 × 10− 5, p = 0.017 and 0.033, respectively). For participants aged 16 to 19, daily total fat intake was significantly and negatively associated with femoral neck BMD (B = − 58 × 10− 5, p = 0.048); further stratification by sex found that magnesium and sodium intakes were significantly and positively associated with femoral neck BMD only in females of this age group (B = 26.9 × 10− 5 and 2.1 × 10− 5, respectively; both p < 0.05). However, no significant associations between daily nutrient intakes and femoral neck BMD were identified in participants aged 12–15 before or after subgroup stratification. Conclusion The study found that associations of specific nutrition-related variables with BMD of the femoral neck is dependent upon age and gender.

scholarly journals Bone mineral density and vitamin D concentration: the challenges in taking care of children and adolescents infected with HIV

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Bononi Carmo ◽  
Maria Teresa Terreri ◽  
Regina Célia de Menezes Succi ◽  
Suenia Vasconcelos Beltrão ◽  
Aida de Fátima Tomé Barbosa Gouvea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Taking Care

scholarly journals Alendronate Improves Bone Mineral Density in Children and Adolescents Perinatally Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus With Low Bone Mineral Density for Age

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 1281-1288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise L Jacobson ◽  
Jane C Lindsey ◽  
Catherine Gordon ◽  
Rohan Hazra ◽  
Hans Spiegel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Perinatally Infected

Abstract Background Children and adolescents with perinatal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and with low bone mineral density (BMD) may be at higher risk of osteoporosis and fractures in later life than their uninfected peers. Bisphosphonate therapy has been shown to reduce fractures in adults with osteoporosis, but has not been formally studied in youths living with HIV. Methods Fifty-two children and adolescents (aged 11–24 years) perinatally infected with HIV with low lumbar spine (LS) BMD (Z score &lt; −1.5) were randomized to receive once-weekly alendronate or placebo in a double-blind cross-over study designed to assess the safety and efficacy of 48 and 96 weeks of alendronate in the United States and Brazil. All participants received daily calcium carbonate and vitamin D supplementation and were asked to engage in regular weight-bearing exercise. Safety and efficacy are summarized for the initial 48 weeks of the trial. Results Grade 3 or higher abnormal laboratory values, signs, or symptoms developed in 5 of 32 (16%) participants on alendronate and 2 of 18 (11%) on placebo (P &gt; .99). No cases of jaw osteonecrosis, atrial fibrillation, or nonhealing fractures were reported. Mean increases (95% confidence interval) in LS BMD over 48 weeks were significantly larger on alendronate (20% [14%–25%]) than placebo (7% [5%–9%]) (P &lt; .001). Similar improvements were seen for whole body BMD. Conclusions In this small study in children and adolescents perinatally infected with HIV with low LS BMD, 48 weeks of alendronate was well-tolerated, showed no safety concerns, and significantly improved LS and whole body BMD compared to participants on vitamin D/calcium supplementation and exercise alone. Clinical Trials Registration NCT00921557.

Effect of gender, diabetes duration, inflammatory cytokines, and vitamin D level on bone mineral density among Thai children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes

Bone ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 116112
Author(s):  
Jeerunda Santiprabhob ◽  
Parichat Charoentawornpanich ◽  
Khwanhatai Khemaprasit ◽  
Teerarat Manpayak ◽  
Pornpimol Kiattisakthavee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Diabetes Duration ◽  
Mineral Density

scholarly journals Diagnosed Changes of Bone Mineral Density and Level of Calciotropic Hormones in Juvenile Hyperthyroidism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakhlo Muratova
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Calciotropic Hormones

Abstract In childhood and adolescence, a genetically determined bone mass accumulates, which ensures the strength of the skeleton throughout life. But with thyrotoxicosis, a separation of the processes of bone resorption and synthesis and the formation of sites of osteoporosis and osteosclerosis occur, leading to the loss of 10% of bone mass in 1 cycle of remodeling. Because of the lack of information about this phenomenon, our work aimed to study the state of bone mineral density and levels of calciotropic hormones in children and adolescents with thyrotoxicosis. The study was conducted by 19 children and adolescents with thyrotoxicosis. The control group consisted of 23 healthy children and adolescents. All studies were conducted in the RSSPMCE. Thyroid status, PTH and vitamin D were determined using a closed-type immunochemistry analyser Cobas e 411 Hitachi company HoffmanLeRoche (Switzerland) and its reagents. Bone mineral density was evaluated by dual-energy absorptiometry on a Stratos X-ray densitometer from DMS, France. The results of the study showed that the average value of the level of vitamin D in the group with thyrotoxicosis was 12.3 ± 1.1 ng/ml, against 20.4 ± 6.2 ng/ml of the control group, while its deficiency was diagnosed in 84.2%, and its insufficiency - in 15.8% of pediatric patients. In the group with thyrotoxicosis, the average level of PTH was lower and amounted to 45.1 ± 23.9 ng/ml (p < 0.05) compared with the control (49.2 ± 21.3 ng/ml); hypoparathyroidism was found in 4.9 times more often than among healthy children, and 21.1% showed an increase in the level of PTH. In children and adolescents with thyrotoxicosis Z- index of the femoral neck, lumbar vertebrae and the general body were significantly lower than in the control group. 36.8% of children with thyrotoxicosis have osteoporosis. Conclusion: Thyrotoxicosis in children and adolescents causes a decrease in BMD and majorly increases the development of osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Nutritional Status in Spanish Children and Adolescents with Celiac Disease on a Gluten Free Diet Compared to Non-Celiac Disease Controls

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ballestero Fernández ◽  
Varela-Moreiras ◽  
Úbeda ◽  
Alonso-Aperte
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Mineral Density

Patients who follow a gluten-free diet (GFD) may be prone to nutritional deficiencies, due to food restriction and consumption of gluten-free products. The aim was to assess nutritional status in celiac children and adolescents on a long-term GFD. A cross-sectional age and gender-matched study in 70 celiac and 67 non-celiac volunteers was conducted, using dietary, anthropometric, biochemical parameters, and assessing bone mineral density and physical activity. Adequacy of vitamin D intake to recommendations was very low, in both groups, and intakes for calcium and magnesium were significantly lower in celiac volunteers. Celiac children and adolescents may have a higher risk of iron and folate deficiencies. Both groups followed a high-lipid, high-protein, low fiber diet. Median vitamin D plasma levels fell below reference values, in celiac and non-celiac participants, and were significantly lower in celiac girls. Other biochemical parameters were within normal ranges. Anthropometry and bone mineral density were similar within groups. With the exception of some slightly lower intakes, children and adolescents following a GFD appear to follow the same trends as healthy individuals on a normal diet. No effect of food restriction or gluten-free product consumption was observed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document