scholarly journals Efficiency of Copyright Law in the Digital Space in Kenya

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-44
Author(s):  
Irene Otieno

The emergence and use of new technologies such as Peer-to-Peer (P2P) file sharing has brought with it numerous controversies particularly for intellectual property. P2P technologies function by granting its users access to files stored on another P2P user’s hard drive thus enabling them to download on-demand from users who have granted them such access. This aspect of the P2P networks (making files available for download), has been argued to be a violation of the exclusive rights granted by copyright. Consequently, a new right of making available was introduced via the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) Copyright Treaty (WCT) to supplement the existing copyright regime thus making it more adaptable to the digital age. The lack of ratification of the WCT and the lack of recognition of this right in Kenya, points to an inefficiency of Kenyan copyright laws to prevent P2P sharing of protected works in Kenya.

LAW REVIEW ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit P Singh ◽  
Shiv Kumar Tripathi

In view of the rapid pace of technological, scientific and medical innovations in India and abroad, the intellectual property rights i.e., copyright, patent and other neighboring rights, have been recognized in Indian and foreign jurisdiction. Moreover, its scope and content have expanded pursuant to statutory amendments over the years. Growing recognisiont, expansion and protection of IPRs needs to harmonised with the public interest. Within this backdrop, copyright law, patent law etc. have made elaborate provisions and endeavours have also been made at international level to strike a balance between protection of individual’s IPRS and social interest. The present article tries to examine the contours of protection of IPRS at national and international levels with special reference to copyright law.


Author(s):  
Noam Shemtov

This chapter examines reverse engineering and the decompilation of computer programs, both of which are highly regulated under the current copyright regime. It begins with a practical overview of reverse engineering and decompilation of software, focusing on types of reverse engineering prevalent in the software industry, the various stages of reverse engineering, and the motivation and methods for reverse engineering. It then looks at the reasons for and benefits of decompilation, which is a category of reverse engineering, and examines software interoperability. At this stage the chapter considers what EU and US copyright laws say about decompilation, with particular emphasis on the role that the idea-expression dichotomy plays in decompilation scenarios. It also discusses the problem of entitlement with respect to intellectual property rules, and more specifically in the case of decompilation of computer programs. It provides a critical evaluation of Article 6 of the Software Directive in enabling decompilation in order to achieve interoperability. The chapter concludes with a commentary on reverse engineering in the cloud environment under copyright law.


2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-172
Author(s):  
Jake Jensen

This Article will focus on particular emerging copyright laws and their effect on the film industry. Section II will begin with a brief overview of the film industry as well as a brief discussion of the reasons people watch films. The Section will then proceed with a discussion on the importance of filming locations, as well as how the industry has changed in its perception of filming locations. Section III will detail what the current copyright law is, as well as exceptions the courts have used in determining copyright infringement. Section IV will then describe the Freedom of Panorama laws that many countries have enacted to help filmmakers and other industries avoid copyright infringement. The Section will also detail the new copyright laws discussed around the world in addition to what these new laws mean for Hollywood and independent filmmakers. Finally, Section V will propose a solution to these new copyright laws that will be equally beneficial to both the copyright owners and the film industry. The solution calls for a heightened and more descriptive de minimis requirement that creates a more element-based approach as opposed to the factorbased approach used now.


2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Burk

The recent emergence and rapid growth of biotechnology as a commercial industry has raised serious questions concerning the role of patent law as the industry's dominant form of intellectual property protection. Several commentators, drawing on an analogy to computer software protection, have suggested copyright law as an alternative method of protecting recombinant DNA innovation. This article reviews these arguments in light of recent court decisions and scholarly commentary concerning copyright of computer software. The article argues that copyright law is not sacrosanct, but rather represents a particular scope of proprietary interests that may be used to accommodate the needs of new technologies such as biotechnology. The article asserts, however, that the decision to apply copyright protection to such a technology should be based on policy rather than on analogy. The article reviews the basic characteristics of both the science of molecular biology and of the biotechnology industry, and, by contrasting these characteristics to those of the software industry, concludes that, as a matter of policy, copyright is not the most appropriate form of intellectual property protection for biotechnology.


2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Rimmer

Edited CollectionRimmer, Matthew (Ed.) (2015) Indigenous Intellectual Property: A Handbook of Contemporary Research. Research Handbooks in Intellectual Property. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, Mass.This Handbook considers the international struggle to provide for proper and just protection of Indigenous intellectual property. Leading scholars consider legal and policy controversies over Indigenous knowledge in the fields of international law, copyright law, trademark law, patent law, trade secrets law, and cultural heritage. This collection examines national developments in Indigenous intellectual property from around the world. As well as examining the historical origins of conflicts over Indigenous knowledge, the volume examines new challenges to Indigenous intellectual property from emerging developments in information technology, biotechnology, and climate change.Taking an interdisciplinary approach unmatched by any other book on this topic, this thoughtful Handbook considers the international struggle to provide for proper and just protection of Indigenous intellectual property (IP).In light of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples 2007, expert contributors assess the legal and policy controversies over Indigenous knowledge in the fields of international law, copyright law, trademark law, patent law, trade secrets law, and cultural heritage. The overarching discussion examines national developments in Indigenous IP in the United States, Canada, South Africa, the European Union, Australia, New Zealand, and Indonesia. The Handbook provides a comprehensive overview of the historical origins of conflict over Indigenous knowledge, and examines new challenges to Indigenous IP from emerging developments in information technology, biotechnology, and climate change.Practitioners and scholars in the field of IP will learn a great deal from this Handbook about the issues and challenges that surround just protection of a variety of forms of IP for Indigenous communities.Contents:The Legacy of David UnaiponMatthew Rimmer,Introduction: Mapping Indigenous Intellectual PropertyMatthew RimmerPART I INTERNATIONAL LAW1. The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples: A Human Rights Framework for Intellectual Property RightsMauro Barelli2. The World Trade Organization, The TRIPS Agreement and Traditional KnowledgeTania Voon3. The World Intellectual Property Organization and Traditional KnowledgeSara Bannerman4. The World Indigenous Network: Rio+20, Intellectual Property, Indigenous Knowledge, and Sustainable DevelopmentMatthew RimmerPART II COPYRIGHT LAW AND RELATED RIGHTS5. Government Man, Government Painting? David Malangi and the 1966 One-Dollar NoteStephen Gray6. What Wandjuk WantedMartin Hardie7. Avatar Dreaming: Indigenous Cultural Protocols and Making Films Using Indigenous ContentTerri Janke8. The Australian Resale Royalty Right for Visual Artists: Indigenous Art and Social JusticeRobert Dearn and Matthew RimmerPART III TRADE MARK LAW AND RELATED RIGHTS 9. Indigenous Cultural Expression and Registered DesignsMaree Sainsbury10. The Indian Arts and Crafts Act: The Limits of Trademark AnalogiesRebecca Tushnet 11. Protection of Traditional Cultural Expressions within the New Zealand Intellectual Property Framework: A Case Study of the Ka Mate HakaSarah Rosanowski12 Geographical Indications and Indigenous Intellectual PropertyWilliam van CaenegemPART IV PATENT LAW AND RELATED RIGHTS13. Pressuring ‘Suspect Orthodoxy’: Traditional Knowledge and the Patent SystemChidi Oguamanam14. The Nagoya Protocol: Unfinished Business Remains UnfinishedAchmad Gusman Siswandi15. Legislating on Biopiracy in Europe: Too Little, too Late?Angela Daly16. Intellectual Property, Indigenous Knowledge, and Climate ChangeMatthew RimmerPART V PRIVACY LAW AND IDENTITY RIGHTS17. Confidential Information and Anthropology: The Politics of the Digital Knowledge EconomySarah Holcombe18. Indigenous Cultural Heritage in Australia: The Control of Living HeritagesJudith Bannister19. Dignity, Trust and Identity: Private Spheres and Indigenous Intellectual PropertyBruce Baer Arnold,20. Racial Discrimination Laws as a Means of Protecting Collective Reputation and IdentityDavid RolphPART VI INDIGENOUS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY: REGIONAL PERSPECTIVES21. Diluted Control: A Critical Analysis of the WAI 262 Report on Maori Traditional Knowledge and CultureFleur Adcock, 22. Traditional Knowledge Governance Challenges in CanadaJeremy de Beer and Daniel Dylan23. Intellectual Property Protection of Traditional Knowledge and Access to Knowledge in South AfricaCaroline Ncube24. Traditional Knowledge Sovereignty: The Fundamental Role of Customary Law in Protection of Traditional KnowledgeBrendan Tobin


2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Amy Rosen

China has a notorious reputation for infringing on intellectual property, especially copyrights. Despite making substantial improvements in its copyright laws over the years, China continues to be haunted by this reputation. But is it really true? By analyzing China’s Copyright Law, this piece explores whether the assumption that China is a notorious infringer is valid. By comparing the copyright laws of the United States to those of China, and by comparing the number of litigated copyright cases that have recently occurred in both countries, this Article concludes that unfortunately Chinese citizens are still severely infringing on international copyrights. Such infringement harms not only foreign copyright owners, but Chinese citizens as well. Notwithstanding this dire conclusion, there is still hope. This paper posits three possible resolutions to help cure China’s reputational ills and weighs each solution's effectiveness.


2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
William L. Krayer

Critical Theory holds that capitalism privatizes the benefits of knowledge through systems of patent and copyright laws, leaving marginalized communities alienated not only from material progress but from “ways of knowing and relating to the world.” Critical theorists have it backward, and that the system of intellectual property protection has allowed continuous improvements in science and technology to the benefit of all.


Copyright laws provide the legal framework to the business of publishing, and authors and publishers have benefitted enormously over the last 100 years or more from the existing copyright regime. The objective of copyright law is to reward the creativity of authors while ensuring that the general public has access to the creativity and innovation of authors. Publishers invest in the content and intellectual property rights assigned to them by authors. What provides value to their investment is the protection provided by copyright laws to the seamless acquisition and transfer of the intellectual property asset. This paper, the first of its kind on authors and copyright in India, focuses on Indian author perceptions on the role of publishers in protecting copyright.


Copyright law is the most recognizable form of intellectual property in the world and perhaps the most misunderstood in educational technology. This is not surprising due to the current climate of uncertainty and financial austerity in higher education. Universities in the United Kingdom in particular are facing significant challenges. Brexit brings uncertainty for treatment of European students in the UK for research collaborations with Europe and for British partnerships across Europe.


2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1003-1008
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Matsuoka ◽  

In the world auto market, top three companies are VW(Volkswagen), Runault-Nissan-Mistubishi, and Toyota. About some selected countries and areas, China, England, Italy, Australia, Germany, Turkey, Russia, Sweden, USA, Brazil, UAE, Japan, Vietnam and Thailand are more competitive. However, the situation is different. Seeing monopolistic market countries and areas, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Korea, Malaysia, France, India, and Pakistan, in particular, the influence of Japan to Taiwan, India, and Pakistan is very big. But in Korea and France, their own companies’ brands occupy the market. In Japan domestic market, the overall situation is competitive. Almost all vehicles made in Japan are Japanese brand. From now on, we have to note the development of electric vehicle (EV) and other new technologies such as automatic driving and connected car. That is because they will give a great impact on the auto industry and market of Japan. Now Japan’s auto industry is going to be consolidated into three groups, Honda, Toyota group, and Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi group for seeking the scale merit of economy. Therefore, I will pay attention to the worldwide development of EV and other new technologies and the reorganization of auto companies groups.


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