scholarly journals Zero Waste Rural Community Complex (ZWRC2)

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Hala Omar ◽  
Salah El-Haggar
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Zero Waste ◽  
Cradle To Cradle

Millions of people living in rural areas in some developing countries are entombed in extreme poverty well beneath any definition of human decency. They live in squalid areas due to the absence of adequate sewage system, lack of agricultural and municipal solid waste management. As an easy and cheap solution to their problems, residents of rural communities either throw their wastes in the streets and in the nearest water way or burn them in the field. These unintended practices contribute to the deterioration of the quality of air, water, soil and food. In addition to the environmental problems, rural communities in developing countries suffer from illiteracy, unemployment, high risk for disease, high mortality rate, and low life expectancy. Due to this tragic situation, it became imperative to find a solution to reach zero pollution in rural areas. Since the emergence of the concept of sustainable development many efforts have been made to apply the ‘cradle-to-cradle’ approach in different sectors where all waste is used for the production of other goods. Unfortunately, the application of ‘cradle-to-cradle’ concept in rural communities to approach 100% full utilization of all types of wastes is not sufficiently explored. The aim of this paper is to propose solutions for the waste problem in rural areas through the concept of environmentally balanced rural complex called “Zero Waste Rural Community Complex (ZWRC2)”. The idea is to develop a complex in each rural community that groups compatible, simple and low cost technologies including briquetting, composting, biogas, and animal fodder. All wastes generated from the rural community will be transported to this complex and fully utilized as raw material to produce organic fertilizers, energy, animal fodder and other useful products depending on market need.

Quantitative Study of Municipal Solid Waste Management in Algeria: A Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-298
Author(s):  
Bendjelloul Amina ◽  
Bennekrouf Mohamed ◽  
Kouloughli Sihem
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Recycling Industry

MSWM (Municipal Solid Waste Management) is a challenge in developing countries, especially in Algeria. In this paper, a quantitative analysis is proposed, showing that the collection of recyclable items qualified as a high-quality raw material will build a wide profit. The locations of recycling centers in Algeria were determined for the plastic, paper/cardboard, metal, textile and glass. The annual generated amount of each type of recyclable was defined and finally a range of purchase prices was established to estimate the possible price to sell these products. The purpose was to find the most profitable recyclable material to be collected in order to motivate both the informal sector and the recycling industry to collect recyclables. It was observed that plastic is the most profitable recyclable followed by the paper/cardboard, and then textile.

A framework for sustainable and integrated municipal solid waste management: barriers and critical factors to developing countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 127516
Author(s):  
Marcio Batista ◽  
Rodrigo Goyannes Gusmão Caiado ◽  
Osvaldo Luiz Gonçalves Quelhas ◽  
Gilson Brito Alves Lima ◽  
Walter Leal Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Critical Factors

Operator models for delivering municipal solid waste management services in developing countries: Part B: Decision support

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 842-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reka Soós ◽  
Andrew D Whiteman ◽  
David C Wilson ◽  
Cosmin Briciu ◽  
Sofia Nürnberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Management Services

Community Networks for Addressing Affordability of ICT Access in African Rural Areas

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Takavarasha Jr. ◽  
Carl Adams ◽  
Liezel Cilliers
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Community Networks ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Disadvantaged Communities ◽  
Digital Divides ◽  
Global North ◽  
Vexed Question

Mobile ICTs have addressed the digital divides between the global south and the global north. While a phenomenal mobile penetration in developing countries has enabled ICT4D innovations by connecting previously unconnected people, several communities suffer adverse inclusion or lack access altogether. Such digital divides within countries have been attributed to technical, social, and economic issues. As a result, many approaches to bridging the digital divides have been used by both academics and practitioners. This chapter, therefore, discusses the potential use of community networks for providing sustainable and affordable access to rural communities in developing countries. In addition to the advantages of community networks, the chapter presents the challenges thereof, and it contributes to the vexed question about how to harness ICTs to empower the disadvantaged communities in developing countries. A case study of Zenzeleni Makhosi community network in South Africa's Eastern Cape province is presented and analysed using Sen's capability approach.

scholarly journals Description and Economic Evaluation of a “Zero-Waste Mortar-Producing Process” for Municipal Solid Waste Management in Greece

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandros Sikalidis ◽  
Christina Emmanouil
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Zero Waste ◽  
Household Activities ◽  
Environmentally Friendly Process ◽  
Clay Materials

The constant increase of municipal solid wastes (MSW) as well as their daily management pose a major challenge to European countries. A significant percentage of MSW originates from household activities. In this study we calculate the costs of setting up and running a zero-waste mortar-producing (ZWMP) process utilizing MSW in Northern Greece. The process is based on a thermal co-processing of properly dried and processed MSW with raw materials (limestone, clay materials, silicates and iron oxides) needed for the production of clinker and consequently of mortar in accordance with the Greek Patent 1003333, which has been proven to be an environmentally friendly process. According to our estimations, the amount of MSW generated in Central Macedonia, Western Macedonia and Eastern Macedonia and Thrace regions, which is conservatively estimated at 1,270,000 t/y for the year 2020 if recycling schemes in Greece are not greatly ameliorated, may sustain six ZWMP plants while offering considerable environmental benefits. This work can be applied to many cities and areas, especially when their population generates MSW at the level of 200,000 t/y, hence requiring one ZWMP plant for processing.

Essential multiple functions of farms in rural communities and landscapes

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecka Milestad ◽  
Johan Ahnström ◽  
Johanna Björklund
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Human Services ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Local Processing ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Action Groups

AbstractAs farms are consolidated into larger operations and small farms close down for economic reasons, rural areas lose ecological, social and economic functions related to farming. Biodiversity and scenic, open-vista landscapes are lost as fields are left unmanaged. Social and economic benefits such as local job opportunities and meeting places disappear. Four Swedish rural communities were examined to increase our understanding of the functions that a diverse agriculture provides and which of these are lost as farms cease operation and overall rural social capital is depleted. Workshops and interviews with village action groups and with farmers were carried out. Both groups identified key functions from farming that are important to the rural community, such as production of food and fiber, businesses and jobs, human services, local security, ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling and biodiversity, and functions pertaining to quality of life. Several ways in which village action groups can support agriculture were identified that current industrial agriculture and even agri-environmental schemes fail to achieve. These include organizing local meeting places, encouraging local processing and consumption and supporting farmers in their work. We conclude that agriculture and village action groups match well in community development and that policies supporting this match would be useful.

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