scholarly journals Rhapsody of Religious Violence in Nigeria: Dynamics, Case Studies, and Government Responses

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Titus S. Olorunnisola
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Religious Violence ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Social Theories

This article examines the commonalities in the case studies of religious cum political violence in three states of northern Nigeria. The dynamics of religious violence in Nigeria attest to the existing social theories of conflict. The article concluded that there exist certain frenzy elements that have aided the occurrences and the spread of the wave of violence bearing upon multiple factors. The article suggested that a holistic approach which draws insights from the series of the existing cases of violence would be instrumental in propounding a lasting solution to the recurrent incidence of religiously motivated violence in Nigeria.

‘Islam Does Not Belong to Them’: Ethnic and Religious Identities Among Male Igbo Converts in Hausaland

Africa ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 422-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Anthony
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Support Structures ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Religious Identities ◽  
Ethnic Affiliation ◽  
Conversion To Islam

AbstractBefore the civil war, conversion to Islam for Igbo men resident in the predominantly Hausa city of Kano in northern Nigeria usually meant becoming Hausa. More recent converts, however, have retained their Igbo identity and created an organisation, the Igbo Muslim Community. Three case studies from the first group detail the process and criteria of becoming Hausa, including immersion in Hausa economic and social networks; three case studies from the second group demonstrate that, while Hausa-centred networks remain important, converts have worked to construct new, Igbo-centred support structures. The watershed in the changing relationship between religious and ethnic affiliation for Igbo converts is the end of the war in 1970 and resultant changes in Igbo perceptions of Muslims, and changes in Igbo community structures.

The Evolution of Jewish Terrorism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ami Pedahzur ◽  
Arie Perliger
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Religious Violence ◽  
Global Dynamics ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Tremendous Impact ◽  
Land Of Israel

While Jewish violence and terrorism, both early and contemporary, is closely correlated with one particular territory—Palestine or Eretz Yisrael (Land of Israel)—the chapter utilizes Rapoport’s four-waves framework in order to show that the evolution of Jewish terrorism was shaped by global dynamics and developments. More specifically, we will argue that whereas Jewish terrorism in Palestine and later in Israel consists of only two periods—the nationalist (1930s–1950s), which corresponds with the anticolonial wave, and its derivative, the nationalist-religious (1970s–present), which overlaps with the religious wave—the two missing waves, both of which were left-wing revolutionary, had a tremendous impact on political and social processes in Israel in general, and on the evolution of Jewish terrorism in particular. We conclude by discussing the implications of the similarities and differences between Jewish religious violence and other types of religious political violence.

5. The criminal justice system

2019 ◽  
pp. 91-155
Author(s):  
Martin Partington
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Current System ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
System P ◽  
Social Theories ◽  
Sentencing Policy ◽  
Post Trial

This chapter focuses on the criminal justice system. It contains summaries of the different social theories that underpin both the criminal justice system and the fundamental principles relating to sentencing policy. The system is examined in three segments: pre-trial stages, trial stage, and post-trial stages. Each is discussed in turn. This chapter emphasizes the holistic approach by looking not only at what happens in courts, but also the police station and in post-trial contexts such as parole and criminal cases review. The place of the victim in the system is also considered. Particular emphasis is placed on how the current system is changing in the quest for improved efficiency.

scholarly journals A context-based model for framing political victimhood: Experiences from Northern Ireland and the Basque Country

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaia Álvarez Berastegi ◽  
Kevin Hearty
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Divided Societies ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Primary Contribution ◽  
Controversial Concept

All societies moving towards peace must establish reparation measures for victims of political violence. This is not an easy task, however; political victimhood is a controversial concept by itself and all victims of this type are mixed up with general politics from both the past and the present. In divided societies, such as Northern Ireland and the Basque Country, controversies about the definition of political victimhood reproduce old divisions from the past. Drawing on these two case studies, this research project gathers together some initial thoughts on the conceptualisation of political victimhood with regard to three different models: the harm-, blame- and context-based models. The primary contribution of the article lies in the formulation of the third model, the context-based framework.

The Politics and Effects of Religious Grievance

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Muchlinski
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
Religious Freedom ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
Religious Violence ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
The World ◽  
Common Group ◽  
Religious Resources

Despite international guarantees to respect religious freedom, governments around the world often impose substantial restrictions on the abilities of some religious groups to openly practice their faith. These regulations on religious freedom are often justified to promote social stability. However, research has demonstrated a positive correlation between restrictions on religious freedom and religious violence. This violence is often thought to be a result of grievances arising from the denial of a religious group’s right to openly practice its faith. These grievances encourage violence by (a) encouraging a sense of common group identity, (b) encouraging feelings of hostility toward groups imposing those regulations, and (c) facilitating the mobilization of religious resources for political violence.

scholarly journals BRIEFS

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (03) ◽  
pp. 606-607
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Successful Strategy ◽  
Selection Of

The editors of a proposed interdisciplinary book exploring the concept of success and the role of violence in achieving movement goals invite chapter proposals of 500 words or less. The book ventures to present essays examining the notion of success related to terrorism and political violence. We seek essays concerning the theoretical analysis, perception, and framing/re-framing of what it means to be successful or unsuccessful in the use of violence as a tactic in achieving movement goals. We also seek essays addressing this concept from a broad terrorism/political violence perspective as well as case studies examining regional or group specific successful/unsuccessful uses of terrorism/political violence. Questioning and perhaps refocusing the concept of success and whether violence can ever be a successful tactic, we seek to better understand the role and selection of violence as a tactic in pursuing movement goals, if violence can be a successful strategy, and how violence can be a successful strategy. Deadline for proposals is August 1, 2010. Contact Gabriela Guazzo, [email protected].

scholarly journals Arquitecturas da Aprendizagem

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Temporal Perspective ◽  
Historical Times

Resumo Considerando as escolas de arquitectura enquanto concretização do projecto pedagógico em vivência, pretende-se incidir sobre o peso da memória e a acumulação de testemunhos de tempos históricos nas arquitecturas da aprendizagem, numa reflexão sobre o uso clássico, operativo ou prospectivo da história, nas escolas de arquitectura. Para uma interpretação holística dos significados das escolas será feita uma abordagem aos edifícios em íntima relação com o projecto pedagógico e com o contexto urbano. Pelo que a reflexão focará três níveis, num triângulo Pedagogia/Arquitectura/Cidade. Cada nível será explorado a partir de escolas inseridas numa perspectiva temporal alargada, de diferentes contextos e lugares, e cujas circunstâncias permitam clarificar posições perante a perpetuação da memória e/ou o desejo pela inovação. Pretende-se por fim apresentar níveis de convergência e divergência presentes no binómio memória/inovação para as arquitecturas da aprendizagem, explorando casos de estudo paradigmáticos e idiossincráticos de cada foco de abordagem. Assim, argumenta-se que a acepção da memória, para as escolas de arquitectura como instituição, pode ser coincidente ou dissonante entre as aprendizagens de arquitectura sob a forma de projecto pedagógico, e as arquitecturas da aprendizagem sob a forma de objecto edificado. Abstract Considering schools of architecture as the completion of the pedagogical project in a real physical scenario, this paper will address the weight of memory and the evidence of historical times in architecture schools, while reflecting on the classic, operative or prospective use of history. For a holistic approach to these schools this analysis will focus on the building itself in its relationship with the pedagogical project and the urban context. Hence, this analysis will have three levels of approach, in a triangle: Pedagogy/Architecture/City. Each level will focus on examples of schools, through an enlarged temporal perspective, from different backgrounds and places, whose circumstances would clarify the decision of perpetuating the memory and/or the yearning for innovation. Finally, this paper will provide levels of agreement and dissonance in the dichotomy between memory and innovation for architecture schools, by exploring paradigmatic and idiosyncratic case studies of each level of approach. Thus, it is argued that the approach on memory for the architecture schools as institutions can coincide or differ from the architecture learning processes in the form of their pedagogical project, and the architecture built schools in the form of their built object.

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