Training Requirements for Point of Care Ultrasound in Acute Medicine

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
S M Ismaeel ◽  
◽  
N J Day ◽  
D Earnshaw ◽  
J W Lorains ◽  
...  

The aim of the study was to explore the ultrasound training requirements in acute medicine by comparing the ultrasound skill of an acute medicine trainee (AMT) with that of the radiology department following short ultrasound training. Results: 43 participants (34 males and 9 females).The mean age was 58 (range 20-93 years). Liver: AMT reported 15/17 as normal (Specificity 88%) and diagnosed ascites in 100% (NPV 93%). Gallbladder: There was 100% sensitivity and NPV for excluding gallstone. CBD: Sensitivity and specificity of 83 and 95% for dilated CBD (NPV 95%). Kidneys: AMT identified 100% of normal kidneys. Spleen: Splenomegaly diagnosed with 95% specifity and NPV. Conclusion: The AMT achieved a high level of accuracy in diagnosing and excluding gallstone, dilated CBD, ascites and splenomegaly. CBD = Common Bile Duct, NPV=Negative Predictive Value.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 962-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shadi Lahham ◽  
Brent A. Becker ◽  
Abdulatif Gari ◽  
Steven Bunch ◽  
Maili Alvarado ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
pp. jramc-2018-001132
Author(s):  
Pierre Perrier ◽  
J Leyral ◽  
O Thabouillot ◽  
D Papeix ◽  
G Comat ◽  
...  

IntroductionTo evaluate the usefulness of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) performed by young military medicine residents after short training in the diagnosis of medical emergencies.MethodsA prospective study was performed in the emergency department of a French army teaching hospital. Two young military medicine residents received ultrasound training focused on gall bladder, kidneys and lower limb veins. After clinical examination, they assigned a ‘clinicaldiagnostic probability’ (CP) on a visual analogue scale from 0 (definitely not diagnosis) to 10 (definitive diagnosis). The same student performed ultrasound examination and assigned an ‘ultrasounddiagnostic probability’ (UP) in the same way. The absolute difference between CP and UP was calculated. This result corresponded to the Ultrasound Diagnostic Index (UDI), which was positive if UP was closer to the final diagnosis than CP (POCUS improved the diagnostic accuracy), and negative conversely (POCUS decreased the diagnostic accuracy).ResultsForty-eight patients were included and 48 ultrasound examinations were performed. The present pathologies were found in 14 patients (29%). The mean UDI value was +3 (0–5). UDI was positive in 35 exams (73%), zero in 12 exams (25%) and negative in only one exam (2%).ConclusionPOCUS performed after clinical examination increases the diagnostic accuracy of young military medicine residents.


2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-168
Author(s):  
Karim Fouad Alber ◽  
◽  
Martin Dachsel ◽  
Alastair Gilmore ◽  
Philip Lawrenson ◽  
...  

Dear sir/madam, Point of care ultrasound (POCUS) in the hands of the non-radiologist has seen a steady growth in popularity amongst emergency, intensive care and acute medical physicians. Increased accessibility to portable, purpose-built ultrasound machines has meant that clinicians often have access to a safe and non-invasive tool to enhance their management of the unwell. Focused Acute Medicine Ultrasound (FAMUS) is the point of care ultrasound curriculum created to aid the management of the acutely unwell adult patient. Following a survey of trainees and consultants, it was apparent that there was a strong desire for Acute Medics to be able to use point of care ultrasound to aid their clinical diagnostic skills. The FAMUS committee was set up to develop competencies using the evidence base available. FAMUS stands in contrast to traditional radiology training modules, which focus on carrying out comprehensive assessments of anatomy and pathology. Instead, FAMUS delivers a syndrome-based sonographic assessment with the aim of ruling out gross pathology and interrogating underlying physiology. It serves as a useful adjunct to history and clinical examination by way of providing key information quickly and non-invasively. Furthermore, it provides a feasible way to monitor response to treatment or progression of disease and thereby providing useful dynamic information quickly and safely. The accreditation in FAMUS involves the sonographic assessment of three systems: lung, abdomen and the deep veins of the lower-limb. Accrediting in each one involves theoretical learning, a formal course attendance and achieving a set number of supervised and mentored scans. As well as technical skills, the candidate must demonstrate competence in recognising key pathology and drawing appropriate conclusions about each scan, including when to refer for departmental imaging. FAMUS was met with enthusiasm by trainees and consultants in acute medicine, and its popularity rises as more courses are becoming available for accreditation paired with increasing access to portable ultrasound units. It is envisioned that this will continue to grow and formal ‘train the trainer’ courses have been held in order to increase the pool of available supervisors. Currently, FAMUS is endorsed by the Society for Acute Medicine and recognised by the AIM training committee as a specialist skill that can be undertaken during specialist training. It has been proposed that FAMUS should be considered for integration into the acute internal medicine (AIM) curriculum, which will be re-written for 2022 in line with the GMC’s revised standards for curriculum and assessment. Thus we present in this letter, a curriculum mapping exercise that utilises a ‘knowledge, skills, behaviours’ framework in order to be considered for the AIM curriculum rewrite. We believe this will provide a standard and framework to integrate focused ultrasound in AIM training programmes with the aim of ultimately incorporating FAMUS as a core skill for all AIM trainees.


2021 ◽  
pp. 028418512110582
Author(s):  
Ahmed Elshimy ◽  
Ahmed M Osman ◽  
Mohamed El Sayed Awad ◽  
Mohamed M Abdel Aziz

Background Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often the “gold standard” for diagnosing knee problems, it has many limitations. Therefore, ultrasonography has been suggested as an effective rapid alternative in many knee abnormalities, especially after injuries of the meniscus and collateral ligaments. Purpose To determine the diagnostic accuracy of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) in detecting injuries of the meniscus and collateral ligament compared to MRI. Material and Methods An observational cross-sectional blinded study was conducted of 60 patients with clinically suspicious meniscus and collateral ligament injuries who were planned for an arthroscopy and or operative procedure. These patients underwent both blinded POCUS and MRI of the knees before the intervention procedure and results of both imaging modalities were compared according to the operative and arthroscopic findings. Results The preoperative reliability of POCUS compared to MRI for the assessment of meniscus injuries was sensitivity (92.9% vs. 90.5%), specificity (88.9% vs. 83.3%), positive predictive value (PPV; 95.1% vs. 92.7%), negative predictive value (NPV; 84.2% vs. 79%), and overall accuracy (91.7% vs. 88.3%). However, for diagnosing collateral ligament injures, POCUS versus MRI assessed sensitivity (92.3% vs. 88.5%), specificity (100% vs. 97.1%), PPV (100% vs. 95.8%), NPV (94.4% vs. 91.7%), and overall accuracy (96.7% vs. 93.3%). Conclusion Ultrasonography is a useful screening tool for the initial diagnosis of meniscal and collateral ligament pathology compared to or even with potential advantages over MRI, especially when MRI is unavailable or contraindicated. As newly advanced portable ultrasonography becomes available, it could be considered as a point-of-injury diagnostic modality.


Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Libo Wang ◽  
Jonathan Harrison ◽  
Elizabeth Dranow ◽  
Lillian Khor

Introduction: Accurate intravascular volume status assessment is central to heart failure management, but current non-invasive bedside techniques remain a challenge. The visual inspection of jugular venous pulsation (JVP) in a reclined position and measuring its height from the sternal notch has been used as a surrogate for right atrial pressure (RAP). There are no studies on the predictive value of a visible internal jugular vein (IJV) in the upright position (U 2 JVP). Hypothesis: Point of care ultrasound (POCUS) for volume assessment in the upright position is predictive of clinically significant hypervolemia. Methods: Adult patients undergoing right heart catheterization (RHC) were enrolled prior for IJV imaging with point of care ultrasound (POCUS) device, Butterfly iQ™. The IJV and its size in comparison to the carotid artery was identified on ultrasound with the patient upright. Elevated RAP and PCWP was present if the IJV was still visible and not collapsed throughout the entirety of the respiratory cycle. Valsalva was used to confirm the position of a collapsed IJV. Results: 72 participants underwent U 2 JVP assessment on the same day prior to RHC. Average BMI was 31.9 kg/m2. The area under the curve (AUC) of U 2 JVP predicting RAP greater than 10 mmHg and PCWP of 15 mmhg or higher on RHC was 0.78 (95% CI 0.66-0.9, p<0.001), with AUC of 0.86 and 0.74 for non-obese and obese subgroups respectively, p= 0.38. The finding of a visible U 2 JVP in the upright position was 70.6 % sensitive and 85.5 % specific with a negative predictive value of 90.4% for identifying both RAP greater than 10 mmHg and PCWP equal or greater than 15 mmHg. Conclusions: The U 2 JVP is novel and pragmatic bed-side approach to the assessment of clinically significant elevated intra-cardiac pressures in our increasingly obese heart failure population.


2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-57
Author(s):  
Ben Chadwick ◽  
◽  
Nick Murch ◽  
Anika Wijewardane ◽  
◽  
...  

Editor- Thank you for giving us the opportunity to respond to the letter received regarding the Joint Royal College of Physicians Training Board (JRCPTB) curriculum for Acute Internal Medicine (AIM) that has previously been circulated for comment and consideration of implementation in August 2022. Dr Williamson is correct in asserting that the proposed curriculum hopes to produce doctors with generic professional and specialty specific capabilities needed to manage patients presenting with a wide range of medical symptoms and conditions. It does aim to produce a workforce that reflects the current trends of increasing patient attendances to both primary care and emergency departments- one that has a high level of diagnostic reasoning, the ability to manage uncertainty, deal with co-morbidities and recognise when specialty input is required in a variety of settings, including ambulatory and critical care. Contrary to the situation described in the correspondence, the new curriculum does not move away from each trainee being required to develop a specialist skill, such as medical education, management, stroke medicine or focused echocardiography. Trainees will still need to acquire competency in a specialist skill for their final 36 months of their training programme, usually after they have completed their Point of Care Ultrasound (POCUS) certification. The thinking behind introducing mandatory POCUS in the curriculum is that: POCUS is in the proposed curricula for intensive care medicine, respiratory medicine and emergency medicine, therefore we feel that in order to recruit the best trainees it is imperative POCUS training is offered as standard As evidenced by the trainee surveys, they often do not get allocated time to develop their specialist skill, especially in the early years of Higher Specialty Training before they often have decided on a particular skill. The introduction of mandatory POCUS training should legtimise time off the ward to obtain this skill early in training. POCUS is becoming more and more standardised in 21st Century acute care alongside the reducing costs of Ultrasound probe e.g. Philips Lumify and Butterfly iQ which are compatible with smart phones POCUS has been heralded as the fifth pillar of examination (observation, palpation, percussion, auscultation, insonation)1 The proposed curriculum therefore facilitates trainees to have regular dedicated time to develop interests inside or outside acute medicine to supplement their professional experience and training. This will also enable trainees to have time away from the ‘front door’ high intensity acute care. Mandatory POCUS will continue to set AIM training apart from other physician training programmes and continue to attract high quality trainees to apply to the specialty. Formal feedback seen at the SAC meeting in October 2019 to the draft curriculum (personal correspondence from JRCPTB) showed a positive response from nine individuals, an ambivalent one from two people, and only two against the introduction of formal POCUS training in the curriculum. Point of Care Ultrasound will likely be a welcome addition to the curriculum and will benefit patients, trainees and front door services up and down the country. Concerns regarding supervision are being addressed by the POCUS working group, in anticipation of the lead in period of well over two years. It is anticipated that most trainees can achieve POCUS sign off (e.g. Focused Acute Medical Ultrasound) in 6 to 12 months (personal correspondence Nick Smallwood from POCUS working group). With ongoing concerns regarding recruitment and retention in Acute Internal Medicine we agree strongly that with POCUS inclusion, we have a further selling point for AIM training.


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