Correlation of epigenetic change and identification of risk factors for oral submucous fibrosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunjiao Xu ◽  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Wings T.Y. Loo ◽  
Liang Hao ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Epigenetic Change ◽  
Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
E Cadherin

Background DNA methylation of certain genes is an epigenetic change that is essential for tumorigenesis. Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a precancerous condition of oral mucosa with inflammation and progressive fibrosis of the lamina propria and deeper connective tissue. The hypermethylation of E-cadherin and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in chronic inflammation may demonstrate a mild lesion/mutation at epigenetic levels. This study compares the hypermethylation status of E-cadherin and COX-2 genes in patients with oral cancer and patients with OSF and also aims to identify risk factors for the development of OSF. Methods DNA was extracted from blood samples of 50 healthy subjects, 50 patients with OSF and 60 patients with oral cancer. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction for E-cadherin and COX-2 was performed on these samples and the products were analyzed on 2% agarose gel. Surveys about oral health habits and clinical periodontal examinations in patients with OSF and healthy subjects were also conducted by well-trained dentists, and logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors for OSF. Results Hypermethylation of E-cadherin and COX-2 was observed in 36% and 22% of oral cancer samples, respectively. In patients with OSF, the rates were 52% and 30%, and in healthy controls the rates were 4% and 6%. Hypermethylation was shown to be correlated between the 3 groups with statistical significance (p<0.01). Methylation of CpG islands in E-cadherin and COX-2 occurred more frequently in patients with OSF than in the control group, but less frequently than in patients with oral cancer. In the logistic regression analysis, smoking, brushing more than twice daily, periodontal probing depth and plaque index were identified as 4 major risk factors for OSF. Conclusions These data confirm that E-cadherin and COX-2 expressions are related to OSF. The epigenetic changes presented in patients with chronic inflammation might demonstrate an irreversible destruction in the tissues or organs similar to the effects of cancer. Chronic OSF was significantly associated with hypermethylation, a cancer risk factor.

scholarly journals Mandibular Canal Widening and Bell’s Palsy: Sequelae of Perineural Invasion in Oral Cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Gopinath Thilak Parepady Sundar ◽  
Vishwanath Sherigar ◽  
Sameep S. Shetty ◽  
Shree Satya ◽  
Sourabh M. Gohil
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Perineural Invasion ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Mandibular Canal ◽  
Distinct Disease ◽  
Nerve Tracts ◽  
Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Neurological Disturbance ◽  
Shed Light

Perineural invasion is an underrecognized route of metastatic spread along the nerve bundles within the nerve sheath into the surrounding tissues. It hinders the ability to establish local control as tumour cells can traverse along nerve tracts well beyond the extent of any local invasion rendering them inoperable and unresectable. Perineural invasion is a marker of poor prognosis. Oral submucous fibrosis with oral cancer constitutes a clinicopathologically distinct disease. Our case highlights an enigmatic presentation of oral submucous fibrosis and its coexistence with oral cancer presenting with unusual neurological disturbance of the inferior alveolar nerve and facial nerve and diffuse widening of the mandibular canal. The objective of this case report is to enumerate the significance of perineural invasion in determining the course of the disease and necessitate the need for future studies that can shed light on molecular mediators and pathogenesis of perineural spread.

scholarly journals Genetic Susceptibility and Protein Expression of Extracellular Matrix Turnover-Related Genes in Oral Submucous Fibrosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 8104
Author(s):  
Ru-Hsiu Cheng ◽  
Yi-Ping Wang ◽  
Julia Yu-Fong Chang ◽  
Yu-Hwa Pan ◽  
Mei-Chi Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Genetic Susceptibility ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Lysyl Oxidase ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Tissue Inhibitors Of Metalloproteinases ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ◽  
Submucous Fibrosis

Betel quid (BQ) chewing increased the risk of oral cancer and oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), an oral premalignant disorder (OPMD) with malignant transformation potential. BQ components such as areca nut (AN), trauma by coarse AN fiber, catechin, copper, alkaloids, stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS), inflammation and cytotoxicity are suggested to be the contributing factors. They may induce tissue inflammation, proliferation of fibroblasts and collagen deposition, myofibroblast differentiation and contraction, collagen cross-links and inhibit collagen phagocytosis, finally leading to the development of OSMF and oral cancer. These events are mediated by BQ components-induced changes of extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover via regulation of TGF-β1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), cystatin, lysyl oxidase (LOX) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) and metalloproteinases (MMPs). Genetic susceptibility is also involved in these disease processes. Further understanding the molecular mechanisms of BQ-induced OSMF and oral cancer can be helpful for future disease prevention and treatment.

Consumption of areca quid, cigarettes, and alcohol related to the comorbidity of oral submucous fibrosis and oral cancer

2007 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 647-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Shan Ho ◽  
Yi-Hsin Yang ◽  
Tien-Yu Shieh ◽  
I.-Yueh Huang ◽  
Yun-Kwan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Submucous Fibrosis

scholarly journals Cross-Cheek Dumbbell-Shaped Radial Forearm Flap for Simultaneous Correction of Oral Cancer and Submucous Fibrosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shreya Bhattacharya ◽  
Sivakumar Vidhyadharan ◽  
Krishnakumar Thankappan ◽  
Subramania Iyer
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Buccal Mucosa ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Simultaneous Occurrence ◽  
Cancer Resection ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Radial Forearm ◽  
Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Interincisor Distance

Simultaneous occurrence of oral submucous fibrosis along with carcinoma of the buccal mucosa is common. We report a novel technique of a single dumbbell-shaped, cross-cheek radial forearm free flap to repair bilateral defects caused by oral cancer resection on one side and the release of fibrosis on the other side in two patients. The dumbbell-shaped flap provided tissue for both the buccal mucosa defects and central released soft palate preventing fibrosis and reapproximation. The interincisor distance improved in both the patients.

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