Food legumes breeding program in eastern Mediterranean region and Turkey

Breeding is aimed to breed for varieties that are tolerant against disease, suitable for mechanized cultivation and harvest, and also offer them to the farmers as promising varieties. Since the purpose of legumes production is to obtain grain products of high yield and quality, developing suitable varieties for target regions where they will be grown is an important factor that needs to be considered. This breeding program aimed to develop new variety of recommended legumes varieties for different regions and will stimulate an increase in cultivation area. In Turkey chickpea is traditionally sown in spring and subjected to drought and heat stresses. Chickpea can be sown in autumn with new cultivars but winter-sown chickpea cultivars are not available for highlands. Some abiotic stresses (drought, heat, freezing etc.) and some biotic stresses (ascochyta blight, Fusarium wilt, and weeds) are common and important stresses, whereas nutrient imbalance includ-ing salinity are localized challenges. Lentil is usually traditionally sown in autumn and Central Anatolia green lentil, South Eastern Anatolia red lentil regions in Turkey. As a result of Turkish food legume Program, 48 chickpea, 41lentil, 49 beans, 3 faba beans, 3 pea and 4 cowpea varieties were registered.

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Active tectonics of the Eastern Mediterranean region: deduced from GPS, neotectonic and seismicity data

Annals of Geophysics ◽

10.4401/ag-3892 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

Author(s):

A. Barka ◽

R. Reilinger

Keyword(s):

Mediterranean Region ◽

Eastern Mediterranean ◽

Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽

Slip Rate ◽

Strike Slip ◽

Central Anatolia ◽

Western Anatolia ◽

Eastern Anatolia ◽

Gps Measurements ◽

Isparta Angle

This paper reviews the main tectonic features of the Eastern Mediterranean region combining the recent information obtained from GPS measurements, seismicity and neotectonic studies. GPS measurements reveal that the Arabian plate moves northward with respect to Eurasia at a rate of 23 ± 1 mm/yr, 10 mm/yr of this rate is taken up by shortening in the Caucasus. The internal deformation in Eastern Anatolia by conjugate strike-slip faulting and E-W trending thrusts, including the Bitlis frontal thrust, accommodates approximately a 15 mm/yr slip rate. The Northeast Anatolian fault, which extends from the Erzincan basin to Caucasus accommodates about 8 ± 5 mm/yr of left-lateral motion. The neotectonic fault pattern in Eastern Anatolia suggests that the NE Anatolian block moves in an E-ENE direction towards the South Caspian Sea. According to the same data, the Anatolian-Aegean block is undergoing a counter-clockwise rotation. However, from the residuals it appears that this solution can only be taken as a preliminary approximation. The Eulerian rotation pole indicates that slip rate along the North Anatolian fault is about 26 ± 3 mm/yr. This value is 10 mm/yr higher than slip rates obtained from geological data and historical earthquake records and it includes westward drift of the Pontides of a few millimetres/year or more. GPS measurements reveal that the East Anatolian fault accommodates an 11 ± 1 mm/yr relative motion. GPS data suggest that Central Anatolia behaves as a rigid block, but from neotectonic studies, it clearly appears that it is sliced by a number of conjugate strike-slip faults. The Isparta Angle area might be considered a major obstacle for the westward motion of the Anatolian block (Central and Eastern Anatolia). The western flank of this geological structure, the Fethiye-Burdur fault zone appears to be a major boundary with a slip rate of 15-20 mm/yr. The Western Anatolian grabens take up a total of 15 mm/yr NE-SW extension. The fact that motions in Central Anatolia relative to Eurasia, are 15-20 mm/yr while in Western Anatolia and Aegean Sea they are 30-40 mm/yr could suggest that Western Anatolia decouples from Central Anatolia and the Isparta Angle by the Fethiye-Burdur fault zone and Eski?ehir fault. It is also hypothesized that the differentiation of tectonic styles and velocities in the Anatolian-Aegean block are related to differences between the slabs lying under the Cyprus and Hellenic arcs.

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Precipitation cycles in Turkey

Theoretical and Applied Climatology ◽

10.1007/s00704-020-03490-z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Erkan Yılmaz ◽

Yılmaz Akdi ◽

Esra Uğurca ◽

İhsan Çiçek ◽

Cemal Atakan

Keyword(s):

Eastern Mediterranean ◽

Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽

Central Anatolia ◽

The Black Sea ◽

Short Term ◽

Air Masses ◽

Precipitation Regimes ◽

Annual Total ◽

Precipitation Cycles

AbstractTurkey is located in the temperate zone; thus, it is influenced by regionally different air masses during summers and winters, resulting in different precipitation regimes. Often, systems with varying masses of air repeatedly affect Turkey; however, at times, these periods are disrupted and difficult to predict. This study analyzes whether a certain periodicity exists in the seasonal and annual total precipitation of 74 meteorological stations in Turkey using periodograms. The analyses conducted herein showed more than one period in the series; therefore, this study was extended, and the first six periods were examined. As a result, we found 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year precipitation cycles (PCs) in the short term; 6-, 7-, and 8-year PCs in the medium term; and 11-, 12-, 14-, 17-, and 21-year PCs in the long term in Turkey’s PC. While seasonal distributions exhibited similarities, there were significant differences in the seasonal frequencies owing to seasonal variations in the systems affecting Turkey. The cycles vary by region, and some of these cycles can be found in each region. Three cycles have been identified in Turkey according to frequency and length, namely: (1) short-term cycle across Turkey; (2) Eastern and Central Anatolia, the Black Sea, and Aegean regions; and (3) borders of Central Anatolian and the eastern Mediterranean region. A cluster identifies unrelated locations as the affected local factors. Cycles are connected to the NAO, whereas solar activity is observed throughout Turkey. The analysis showed that certain cycles were repeated and were not dominant in each period, with the best example of this cycle as the 7–14–21 consecutive cycles.

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CryptoTEPHras in the ICDP Dead Sea deep core to synchronise past eastern MEditerranean hydroclimate (TEPH-ME)

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-8894 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ina Neugebauer ◽

Markus J. Schwab ◽

Simon Blockley ◽

Christine S. Lane ◽

Birgit Plessen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Eastern Mediterranean ◽

Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽

Dead Sea ◽

Central Anatolia ◽

Geochemical Data ◽

Lag Phase ◽

Deep Basin ◽

Critical Position ◽

Global Comparison ◽

The Dead

The hypersaline Dead Sea is a key palaeoclimate archive in the south-eastern Mediterranean region, situated at a critical position between more humid Mediterranean climate and the hyper-arid Saharo-Arabian desert belt. The ca 450 m long ICDP drill core 5017-1, recovered from the deepest part of the Dead Sea, spans the last ~220,000 years as constrained by radiocarbon, U-Th dating and floating &#948;18O stratigraphy methods. Nevertheless, an independent dating method is much needed because (i) radiocarbon dating is limited to the last ~40,000 years; (ii) U-Th dating of authigenic carbonates requires a complex correction procedure leading to large age uncertainties; and (iii) wiggle matching of oxygen isotope data is not independent and, hence, does not allow the identification of lead- and lag-phase relationships of changing hydroclimate in comparison to other palaeoclimate records.Tephrochronology has been demonstrated a powerful tool for dating and synchronisation of palaeoclimate records for regional and global comparison. Due to a lack of visible tephra layers in the Dead Sea sediment record, direct links with the eastern Mediterranean tephrostratigraphical lattice are still absent. Recently, the first cryptotephra ever identified in Dead Sea sediments has been associated with the early Holocene S1-tephra from central Anatolia. This discovery encouraged a systematic search for tephra time-markers in the ICDP deep-basin core 5017-1, with the aim of improving the chronology of the deep record significantly and providing a tool for precise regional synchronisation of proxy records.In the first phase of the TEPH-ME project focusing on the early last glacial (ca 100-110 ka) and lateglacial (ca 11-15 ka) time intervals in the ICDP core, we have identified more cryptotephra layers than expected. First glass geochemical data suggest that the majority of volcanic ash in the Dead Sea sediments originates from Anatolian volcanic provinces. Even though proximal Anatolian tephra data for comparison are still limited, the identification of cryptotephra in the long Dead Sea record provides novel opportunities to advance the tephrostratigraphical framework in this region, e.g. through synchronising the Dead Sea and Lake Van (eastern Anatolia) sediment records, but also with archaeological and palaeoenvironmental sites that are currently investigated in the Levant and in Arabia.

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A Compositional Study (pXRF) of Early Holocene Obsidian Assemblages from Cyprus, Eastern Mediterranean

Open Archaeology ◽

10.1515/opar-2019-0011 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 155-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Theodora Moutsiou

Keyword(s):

Eastern Mediterranean ◽

Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽

Early Holocene ◽

Central Anatolia ◽

Archaeological Sites ◽

Long Distance ◽

Sea Transport ◽

The Social ◽

Social Landscape ◽

Compositional Study

AbstractThis paper presents the results of the geochemical characterisation of complete obsidian assemblages dating to the Early Aceramic Neolithic (8200–6900 Cal BC) and located in Cyprus, eastern Mediterranean. Obsidian artefacts have over the years been recovered from a number of Early Holocene archaeological sites on the island of Cyprus. As there are no obsidian sources on Cyprus, the presence of obsidian island-wide indicates long-distance sea transport/distribution, central Anatolia usually considered as the main supplying region. Portable XRF technology (X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry) was applied to determine numbers of obsidian sources represented in complete archaeological assemblages and address research questions concerning the social landscape Cyprus was part of during the Early Holocene, a time of significant change in the broader eastern Mediterranean region.

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Supra-subduction zone ophiolites of Central Anatolia: geochemical evidence from the Sarikaraman Ophiolite, Aksaray, Turkey

Mineralogical Magazine ◽

10.1180/minmag.1996.060.402.01 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 60 (402) ◽

pp. 697-710 ◽

Cited By ~ 81

Author(s):

M. K. Yaliniz ◽

P. A. Floyd ◽

M. C. Göncüoğlu

Keyword(s):

Subduction Zone ◽

Late Cretaceous ◽

Mediterranean Region ◽

Eastern Mediterranean ◽

Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽

Central Anatolia ◽

Chemical Characteristics ◽

Crystalline Complex ◽

Geochemical Evidence ◽

The North

AbstractThe Central Anatolian Crystalline Complex (CACC), situated between the northern and southern oceanic strands of Neotethys, contain a number of little-studied ophiolitic bodies of late Cretaceous age that have a bearing on the Mesozoic development of this region. The pillow lavas and sheeted dykes of the Sarikaraman Ophiolite were originally a comagmatic differentiated series of vesicular, aphyric and olivine-poor, plagioclase—clinopyroxene phyric tholeiites, but now exhibit greenschist facies assemblages. A set of late dolerite dykes cross-cutting the whole volcanic sequence are more chemically evolved and were probably derived from a different source. Relative to N-MORB the lavas and dykes are enriched in some LIL elements (K, Rb, Cs, U, Th and Sr) and depleted in HFS elements (Nb, Ta, Hf, Zr, Ti and Y) and lightREE. In terms of immobile elements the ophiolitic basalts have the broad chemical characteristics of island are tholeiites that were formed in a supra-subduction zone setting, whereas the late dykes are more akin to N-MORB. In this respect the Sarikaraman Ophiolite is similar to other ophiolites found in the eastern Mediterranean region and emphasizes the preservation of this particular environment in the CACC. If all the Central Anatolian Ophiolites (of which the Sarikaraman Ophiolite is one example) were derived via southward thrusting from the Vardar-Izmir-Ankara-Erzincan Ocean branch to the north, age relationships suggest that this segment of ocean crust was relatively short-lived before obduction onto the CACC.

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Tobacco industry commissioned reports on illicit tobacco trade in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: how accurate are they?

Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal ◽

10.26719/emhj.20.131 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (11) ◽

pp. 1320-1322

Author(s):

Erin Sandberg ◽

Allen WA Gallagher ◽

Raouf Alebshehy

Keyword(s):

Mediterranean Region ◽

Tobacco Industry ◽

Eastern Mediterranean ◽

Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽

Illicit Tobacco Trade

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Correlation of Caesarean Section Rates to Maternal and Neonatal Mortality in the Eastern Mediterranean Region; A Population Based Ecological Study

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3391364 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Bismeen Jadoon ◽

Mahaini Rames ◽

Karima Gholbzouri ◽

Maha El-Adawy ◽

Mona A. Elawady ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Caesarean Section ◽

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Mediterranean Region ◽

Ecological Study ◽

Eastern Mediterranean ◽

Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽

Population Based

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Global Prevalence Estimates of Toxascaris leonina Infection in Dogs and Cats

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens9060503 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 503

Author(s):

Ali Rostami ◽

Seyed Mohammad Riahi ◽

Vahid Fallah Omrani ◽

Tao Wang ◽

Andreas Hofmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mediterranean Region ◽

Eastern Mediterranean ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽

Global Prevalence ◽

Stray Cats ◽

Prevalence Estimates ◽

Meta Regression ◽

Paratenic Hosts ◽

Toxascaris Leonina

Toxascaris leonina is an ascaridoid nematode of dogs and cats; this parasite affects the health of these animals. This study estimated the global prevalence of Ta. leonina infection in dogs and cats using random effects meta-analysis as well as subgroup, meta-regression and heterogeneity analyses. The data were stratified according to geographical region, the type of dogs and cats and environmental variables. A quantitative analysis of 135 published studies, involving 119,317 dogs and 25,364 cats, estimated prevalence rates of Ta. leonina in dogs and cats at 2.9% and 3.4%, respectively. Prevalence was highest in the Eastern Mediterranean region (7.2% for dogs and 10.0% for cats) and was significantly higher in stray dogs (7.0% vs. 1.5%) and stray cats (7.5% vs. 1.8%) than in pets. The findings indicate that, worldwide, ~26 million dogs and ~23 million cats are infected with Ta. leonina; these animals would shed substantial numbers of Ta. leonina eggs into the environment each year and might represent reservoirs of infection to other accidental or paratenic hosts. It is important that populations of dogs and cats as well as other canids and felids be monitored and dewormed for Ta. leonina and (other) zoonotic helminths.

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