scholarly journals Evaluation of a chitosan-polyethylene glycol paste as a local antibiotic delivery device

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheyenne S Rhodes ◽  
Christopher M Alexander ◽  
Joel M Berretta ◽  
Harry S Courtney ◽  
Karen E Beenken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Delivery Device ◽  
Local Antibiotic ◽  
Antibiotic Delivery

scholarly journals Evaluation of a bone filler scaffold for local antibiotic delivery to prevent Staphylococcus aureus infection in a contaminated bone defect

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen E. Beenken ◽  
Mara J. Campbell ◽  
Aura M. Ramirez ◽  
Karrar Alghazali ◽  
Christopher M. Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Bone Filler ◽  
Antibiotic Release ◽  
Local Antibiotic ◽  
Antibiotic Delivery

AbstractWe previously reported the development of an osteogenic bone filler scaffold consisting of degradable polyurethane, hydroxyapatite, and decellularized bovine bone particles. The current study was aimed at evaluating the use of this scaffold as a means of local antibiotic delivery to prevent infection in a bone defect contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus. We evaluated two scaffold formulations with the same component ratios but differing overall porosity and surface area. Studies with vancomycin, daptomycin, and gentamicin confirmed that antibiotic uptake was concentration dependent and that increased porosity correlated with increased uptake and prolonged antibiotic release. We also demonstrate that vancomycin can be passively loaded into either formulation in sufficient concentration to prevent infection in a rabbit model of a contaminated segmental bone defect. Moreover, even in those few cases in which complete eradication was not achieved, the number of viable bacteria in the bone was significantly reduced by treatment and there was no radiographic evidence of osteomyelitis. Radiographs and microcomputed tomography (µCT) analysis from the in vivo studies also suggested that the addition of vancomycin did not have any significant effect on the scaffold itself. These results demonstrate the potential utility of our bone regeneration scaffold for local antibiotic delivery to prevent infection in contaminated bone defects.

Heparin-mediated antibiotic delivery from an electrochemically-aligned collagen sheet

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Olivia T. Cheng ◽  
Andrew P. Stein ◽  
Eric Babajanian ◽  
Kathryn R. Hoppe ◽  
Shawn Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Medical Implants ◽  
Implantable Medical Devices ◽  
Antibiotic Solution ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
Antibiotic Release ◽  
Local Antibiotic ◽  
Antibiotic Delivery

BACKGROUND: Implantable medical devices and hardware are prolific in medicine, but hardware associated infections remain a major issue. OBJECTIVE: To develop and evaluate a novel, biologic antimicrobial coating for medical implants. METHODS: Electrochemically compacted collagen sheets with and without crosslinked heparin were synthesized per protocol developed by our group. Sheets were incubated in antibiotic solution (gentamicin or moxifloxacin) overnight, and in vitro activity was assessed with five-day diffusion assays against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antibiotic release overtime from gentamicin infused sheets was determined using in vitro elution and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS: Collagen-heparin-antibiotic sheets demonstrated larger growth inhibition zones against P. aeruginosa compared to collagen-antibiotic alone sheets. This activity persisted for five days and was not impacted by rinsing sheets prior to evaluation. Rinsed collagen-antibiotic sheets did not show any inhibition zones. Elution of gentamicin from collagen-heparin-gentamicin sheets was slow and remained above the minimal inhibitory concentration for gentamicin sensitive organisms for 29 days. Conversely, collagen-gentamicin sheets eluted their antibiotic payload within 24 hours. Overall, heparin associated sheets demonstrated larger inhibition zones against P. aeruginosa and prolonged elution profile via HPLC. CONCLUSION: We developed a novel, local antibiotic delivery system that could be used to coat medical implants/hardware in the future and reduce post-operative infections.

A systematic review of local antibiotic devices used to improve wound healing following the surgical management of foot infections in diabetics

2018 ◽  
Vol 100-B (11) ◽  
pp. 1409-1415 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Marson ◽  
S. R. Deshmukh ◽  
D. J. C. Grindlay ◽  
B. J. Ollivere ◽  
B. E. Scammell
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Local Antibiotics ◽  
Wound Breakdown ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Local Antibiotic ◽  
Antibiotic Delivery

Aims Local antibiotics are used in the surgical management of foot infection in diabetic patients. This systematic review analyzes the available evidence of the use of local antibiotic delivery systems as an adjunct to surgery. Materials and Methods Databases were searched to identify eligible studies and 13 were identified for inclusion. Results Overall, the quality of the studies was poor. A single trial suggested that wound healing is quicker when a gentamicin-impregnated collagen sponge was implanted at time of surgery, with no difference in length of stay or rate of amputation. Results from studies with high risk of bias indicated no change in wound healing when a gentamicin-impregnated sponge was implanted during transmetatarsal amputation, but a reduction in the incidence of wound breakdown (8% vs 25%, not statistically significant) was identified. A significant cost reduction was identified when using an antimicrobial gel to deliver antibiotics and anti-biofilm agents (quorum-sensing inhibitors) compared with routine dressings and systemic antibiotics. Analyses of case series identified 485 patients who were treated using local antibiotic delivery devices. The rates of wound healing, re-operation, and mortality were comparable to those that have been previously reported for the routine management of these infections. Conclusion There is a lack of good-quality evidence to support the use of local antibiotic delivery devices in the treatment of foot infections in patients with diabetes. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:1409–15.

scholarly journals Characterization and Antibiofilm Activity of Mannitol–Chitosan-Blended Paste for Local Antibiotic Delivery System

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie R. Pace ◽  
Zoe L. Harrison ◽  
Madison N. Brown ◽  
Warren O. Haggard ◽  
J. Amber Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Persister Cells ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Musculoskeletal Infection ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Local Antibiotic ◽  
Antibiotic Delivery

Mannitol, a polyalcohol bacterial metabolite, has been shown to activate dormant persister cells within bacterial biofilm. This study sought to evaluate an injectable blend of mannitol, chitosan, and polyethylene glycol for delivery of antibiotics and mannitol for eradication of Staphylococcal biofilm. Mannitol blends were injectable and had decreased dissociation and degradation in the enzyme lysozyme compared to blends without mannitol. Vancomycin and amikacin eluted in a burst response, with active concentrations extended to seven days compared to five days for blends without mannitol. Mannitol eluted from the paste in a burst the first day and continued through Day 4. Eluates from the mannitol pastes with and without antibiotics decreased viability of established S. aureus biofilm by up to 95.5% compared to blends without mannitol, which only decreased biofilm when loaded with antibiotics. Cytocompatibility tests indicated no adverse effects on viability of fibroblasts. In vivo evaluation of inflammatory response revealed mannitol blends scored within the 2–4 range at Week 1 (2.6 ± 1.1) and at Week 4 (3.0 ± 0.8), indicative of moderate inflammation and comparable to non-mannitol pastes (p = 0.065). Clinically, this paste could be loaded with clinician-selected antibiotics and used as an adjunctive therapy for musculoskeletal infection prevention and treatment.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF A UNIQUE MANUFACTURING DEVICE TO PRODUCE A "STRING-OF-PEARLS" ANTIBIOTIC DELIVERY DEVICE FOR MASSIVE SOFT TISSUE DEFECTS

2001 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
PATRICK ATKINSON ◽  
MASSOUD TAVAKOLI ◽  
MICHAEL ALCHIN ◽  
JASON SOBICK ◽  
GEE CHEUNG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Soft Tissue Defects ◽  
Delivery Device ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
String Of Pearls ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Tissue Defects ◽  
Antibiotic Delivery

Trauma victims suffering massive soft tissue wounds are at increased risk for infection. This is typically addressed by placing antibiotic impregnated bone cement into the tissue defect to provide a massive prophylaxis directly to the affected site. The cement–antibiotic mixture is typically "pasted" onto a length of suture by the surgeon. Unfortunately, this process is sometimes difficult to perform in the operating room environment due to difficulty in localizing the mixture on the suture. In addition, the surgeon must perform the process within a relatively short time constraint as the mixture hardens. In the current study we address this issue by proposing a unique molding design which is lightweight, cost effective, disposable, and suitable for use in the operating room environment.

Local antibiotic delivery with demineralized bone matrix

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine S. Lewis ◽  
Peter R. Supronowicz ◽  
Rasa M. Zhukauskas ◽  
Elise Gill ◽  
Ronald R. Cobb
Keyword(s):  
Demineralized Bone Matrix ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Local Antibiotic ◽  
Antibiotic Delivery ◽  
Demineralized Bone

A Study on Electrospun Nanofibrous Mats for Local Antibiotic Delivery

2013 ◽  
Vol 829 ◽  
pp. 510-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahboubeh Maleki ◽  
Mohammad Amani-Tehran ◽  
Masoud Latifi ◽  
Sanjay Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Static System ◽  
Antibiotic Drug ◽  
Paper Fabrication ◽  
Antibiotic Release ◽  
Reduced Toxicity ◽  
Local Antibiotic ◽  
Antibiotic Delivery

The demand for novel antibiotic-loaded electrospun nanofibrous structures has increased extremely in the recent years and has engaged the interests of scientists and engineers into a blend configuration of antibiotic drug and biocompatible polymers due to their unique applications in future of better therapeutic effect, reduced toxicity and sustained local antibiotic release over a period of time. One method to produce these antibiotic-loaded networks is by electrospinning process. However, it is very important to know structural characteristics and morphology of nanofibers for controlling the performance of the yields. In this paper, fabrication of electrospun nanofibers suited for antibiotic delivery system is investigated based on tetracycline hydrochloride as the antibiotic drug and poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) as the biodegradable polymeric matrix. Furthermore, the effect of material and process parameters on morphology and release behavior of produced nonwovens is investigated. The efficacy of the medicated scaffolds using a static system for bacterial growth on agar plates was also proved.

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