scholarly journals The prevalence and the course of neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with dementia

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sverre Bergh ◽  
Geir Selbæk
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Term Care ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Clinically Significant

Dementia is prevalent in Norway and other countries and is hallmarked by a decline in memory and other cognitive abilities. In addition to cognitive decline, the vast majority of patients with dementia experience neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) such as depression, agitation, psychosis, apathy, or irritability. In this review, we describe the prevalence and the course of NPS in patients with dementia, referring to results of population-based studies, studies of outpatients, and studies of patients in long-term care. For a better comparison of the included studies and for clarification, we have included studies that have assessed NPS with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Overall, we found a high prevalence rate of NPS. At least one NPS (NPI > 0) was present in 56% to 98% of the patients and 62% to 84% of the patients had at least one clinically significant NPS (NPI > 3). The NPS with the highest prevalence rate were apathy, irritability, agitation, depression and anxiety; while delusion, hallucination, disinhibition, aberrant motor behavior and euphoria were the least frequent NPS.

scholarly journals Communication and Language: Why Age Matters

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 574-575
Author(s):  
Alison Chasteen ◽  
Sali Tagliamonte
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Care Setting ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Personal Support ◽  
Personal Support Workers ◽  
Language And Communication ◽  
Effects Of Aging

Abstract In line with this year’s 75th anniversary theme, we will show why aging matters for communication and language. Specifically, in this symposium we will show how aging affects communication and language across a variety of social contexts, social roles, and cognitive abilities. Pabst & Tagliamonte discuss the effects of aging on language use by examining an individual’s daily diary entries over 30 years, including the onset and progression of dementia. Saunders considers language and communication in the context of social interaction among persons with dementia living in a long-term care setting. Savundranayagam et al. test the efficacy of a communication intervention for personal support workers who work with persons with dementia. Chasteen & Tagliamonte consider how ageism is communicated to middle-aged and older adults in everyday life. Taken together, these presentations will provide a multidimensional lens to understanding language and communication in later life.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis in Tuscany (Central Italy): A Study Based on Validated Administrative Data

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiana Bezzini ◽  
Laura Policardo ◽  
Giuseppe Meucci ◽  
Monica Ulivelli ◽  
Sabina Bartalini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Administrative Data ◽  
Care Home ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Hospital Discharge Records ◽  
Test Algorithm

Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) epidemiology in Italy is mainly based on population-based prevalence studies. Administrative data are an additional source of information, when available, in prevalence studies of chronic diseases such as MS. The aim of our study is to update the prevalence rate of MS in Tuscany (central Italy) as at 2011 using a validated case-finding algorithm based on administrative data. Methods: The prevalence was calculated using an algorithm based on the following administrative data: hospital discharge records, drug-dispensing records, disease-specific exemptions from copayment to health care, home and residential long-term care and inhabitant registry. To test algorithm sensitivity, we used a true-positive reference cohort of MS patients from the Tuscan MS register. To test algorithm specificity, we used another cohort of individuals who were presumably not affected by MS. Results: As at December 31, 2011, we identified 6,890 cases (4,738 females and 2,152 males) with a prevalence of 187.9 per 100,000. The sensitivity of algorithm was 98% and the specificity was 99.99%. Conclusions: We found a prevalence higher than the rates present in literature. Our algorithm, based on administrative data, can accurately identify MS patients; moreover, the resulting cohort is suitable to monitor disease care pathways.

scholarly journals Association Between Length of Residence and Prevalence of Mrsa Colonization Among Residents in Geriatric Long-term Care Facilities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teppei Sasahara ◽  
Ryusuke Ae ◽  
Akio Yoshimura ◽  
Koki Kosami ◽  
Kazumasa Sasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Care ◽  
Length Of Residence ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Initial Testing ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Cross Transmission ◽  
Mrsa Colonization ◽  
Geriatric Long Term Care

Abstract Background: A high prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization has been reported among residents in geriatric long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Some studies indicate that MRSA might be imported from hospitals into LTCFs via resident transfer; however, other studies report that high MRSA prevalence might be caused by cross-transmission inside LTCFs. We aimed to assess which factors have a large impact on the high MRSA prevalence among residents of geriatric LTCFs.Methods: We conducted a cohort study among 260 residents of four geriatric LTCFs in Japan. Dividing participants into two cohorts, we separately analyzed (1) the association between prevalence of MRSA carriage and length of LTCF residence (Cohort 1: n=204), and (2) proportion of residents identified as MRSA negative who were initially tested at admission but subsequently identified as positive in secondary testing performed at ≥2 months after their initial test (Cohort 2: n=79).Results: Among 204 residents in Cohort 1, 20 (9.8%) were identified as positive for MRSA. Compared with residents identified as MRSA negative, a larger proportion of MRSA-positive residents had shorter periods of residence from the initial admission (median length of residence: 5.5 vs. 2.8 months), although this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.084). Among 79 residents in Cohort 2, 60 (75.9%) were identified as MRSA negative at the initial testing. Of these 60 residents, only one (1.7%) had subsequent positive conversion in secondary MRSA testing. In contrast, among 19 residents identified as MRSA positive in the initial testing, 10 (52.6%) were negative in secondary testing.Conclusions: The prevalence of MRSA was lower among residents with longer periods of LTCF residence than among those with shorter periods. Furthermore, few residents were found to become MRSA carrier after their initial admission. These findings highlight that MRSA in LTCFs is most likely to be associated with resident transfer rather than spread via cross-transmission inside LTCFs.

scholarly journals Characteristics Associated with Quality of Life in Long-Term Care Residents with Dementia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 186-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maartje S. Klapwijk ◽  
Monique A.A. Caljouw ◽  
Marjoleine J.C. Pieper ◽  
Jenny T. van der Steen ◽  
Wilco P. Achterberg
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Severe Dementia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care

Background: To determine which characteristics are associated with quality of life (QOL) in residents with moderate to very severe dementia in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis of a cluster randomized controlled study in 12 Dutch LTCFs that enrolled 288 residents, with moderate to severe dementia assessed with the Reisberg Global Deterioration Scale (Reisberg GDS) and QOL with the QUALIDEM. Characteristics that were hypothesized to be associated with the six domains of QOL (applicable to very severe dementia) included demographic variables, activities of daily living (Katz ADL), cognitive performance (Cognitive Performance Scale; CPS), pain (Pain Assessment Checklist for Seniors with Limited Ability to Communicate; PACSLAC-D), neuropsychiatric symptoms (Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Nursing Home Version; NPI-NH) and comorbidities. Results: Multivariate logistic regression modelling showed associations with age in the domain Social isolation [odds ratio, OR, 0.95 (95% confidence interval, CI, 0.91-0.99)], ADL level in the domain Positive affect [OR 0.89 (95% CI 0.83-0.95)] and the domain Social relations [OR 0.87 (95% CI 0.81-0.93)], severity of dementia in the domain Social relations [OR 0.28 (95% CI 0.12-0.62)] and in the domain Social isolation [OR 2.10 (95% CI 1.17-3.78)], psychiatric disorders in the domain Positive affect [OR 0.39 (95% CI 0.17-0.87)] and pulmonary diseases in the domain Negative affect [OR 0.14 (95% CI 0.03-0.61)] of the QUALIDEM. Neuropsychiatric symptoms were independently associated with all six domains of the QUALIDEM [OR 0.93 (95% CI 0.90-0.96) to OR 0.97 (95% CI 0.95-0.99)]. Pain was associated with the domains Care relationship [OR 0.92 (95% CI 0.84-1.00)] and Negative affect [OR 0.92 (95% CI 0.85-1.00)]. Conclusion: QOL in dementia is independently associated with age, ADL, dementia severity, pain, psychiatric disorders, pulmonary diseases and neuropsychiatric symptoms. It is possible to detect persons with dementia at risk for a lower QOL. This information is important for developing personalized interventions to improve QOL in persons with dementia in LTCFs.

Young Adults With Traumatic Brain Injury in Long-Term Care Homes: A Population-Based Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Colantonio ◽  
Dana Howse ◽  
Jigisha Patel
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Care Homes ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care

AbstractThe aim of this research was to identify the number and characteristics of adults under the age of 65 with a diagnosis of traumatic brain injury (TBI) living in long-term care homes (nursing homes, homes for the aged and charitable homes) in Ontario, Canada. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional design. Secondary data analysis of a comprehensive provincial database of long-term care homes was conducted. Results: Of the 399 residents coded as having a TBI, 154 were < 65 years of age. Virtually all residents were limited in personal care and required assistance for eating (94.2%), toileting (92.2%) and dressing (99.4%). A large percentage also required care for challenging behaviours, while care needs due to substance abuse was common among 12.3% of TBI residents. Conclusion: As similar research in Australia has found, young persons in long-term care homes in Ontario, Canada, have high level personal health needs, however the appropriateness of this environment is questionable.

Effect of Relocation on Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Elderly Adults Living in Long-Term Care

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 2183-2187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal El Haddad ◽  
Philipe de Souto Barreto ◽  
Stephane Gerard ◽  
Aurelie Prouff ◽  
Bruno Vellas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Care ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Elderly Adults ◽  
Term Care

scholarly journals High prevalence of multidrug resistant Enterobacteriaceae among residents of long term care facilities in Amsterdam, the Netherlands

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. e0222200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eline van Dulm ◽  
Aletta T. R. Tholen ◽  
Annika Pettersson ◽  
Martijn S. van Rooijen ◽  
Ina Willemsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Term Care ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Care Facilities

scholarly journals Disclosing and Reporting Practice Errors by Nurses in Residential Long-Term Care Settings: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Vaismoradi ◽  
Flores Vizcaya-Moreno ◽  
Sue Jordan ◽  
Ingjerd Gåre Kymre ◽  
Mari Kangasniemi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Quality Of Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Nurse Leaders ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Reporting Practice ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Residential Long Term Care

Patient safety is crucial for the sustainability of the healthcare system. However, this may be jeopardized by the high prevalence of practice errors, particularly in residential long-term care. Development of improvement initiatives depends on full reporting and disclosure of practice errors. This systematic review aimed to understand factors that influence disclosing and reporting practice errors by nurses in residential long-term care settings. A systematic review using an integrative design was conducted. Electronic databases including PubMed (including Medline), Scopus, CINAHL, Embase, and Nordic and Spanish databases were searched using keywords relating to reporting and disclosing practice errors by nurses in residential long-term care facilities to retrieve articles published between 2010 and 2019. The search identified five articles, including a survey, a prospective cohort, one mixed-methods and two qualitative studies. The review findings were presented under the categories of the theoretical domains of Vincent’s framework for analyzing risk and safety in clinical practice: ‘patient’, ‘healthcare provider’, ‘task’, ‘work environment’, and ‘organisation & management’. The review findings highlighted the roles of older people and their families, nurses’ individual responsibilities, knowledge and collaboration, workplace atmosphere, and support by nurse leaders for reporting and disclosing practice errors, which had implications for improving the quality of healthcare services in residential long-term care settings.

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