Gastric Dilatation Associated with Gastric Colonization with Sarcina-Like Bacteria in a Cat with Chronic Enteritis

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 321-325
Author(s):  
Joon Young Im ◽  
Set Sokol ◽  
Gerald E. Duhamel
Keyword(s):  
Histological Examination ◽  
Duodenal Mucosa ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Gastric Dilatation ◽  
Outflow Obstruction ◽  
First Report ◽  
Gastric Colonization ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Abdominal Radiographs ◽  
Duodenal Biopsies

ABSTRACT An 11 yr old spayed female domestic longhair cat was presented for an acute onset of vomiting. Abdominal radiographs and ultrasound revealed severe gastric dilatation (GD) without evidence of gastric outflow obstruction. On esophagogastroduodenoscopy, the duodenal mucosa was mildly erythematous, and a moderate, diffuse, chronic enteritis was found by histological examination of duodenal biopsies. Large numbers of Sarcina-like bacteria without associated inflammation were present in gastric mucosal biopsies. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of GD associated with colonization by Sarcina-like bacteria in a cat. Gastric colonization by Sarcina-like bacteria should be suspected when cats are presented with acute onset of GD and vomiting.

scholarly journals Research Note. Pearsonema plica and Eucoleus böhmi infections and associated lesions in wolves (Canis lupus) from Italy

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 364-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mariacher ◽  
C. Eleni ◽  
R. Fico ◽  
E. Ciarrocca ◽  
S. Perrucci
Keyword(s):  
Histological Examination ◽  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Nasal Bone ◽  
Research Note ◽  
Chronic Cystitis ◽  
First Report ◽  
Pathological Lesions ◽  
Eosinophilic Cystitis ◽  
Associated Lesions ◽  
Faecal Samples

Summary Reports of Pearsonema plica and Eucoleus böhmi infections in wolves (Canis lupus) in Europe are limited and data on associated lesions are lacking. In the present study urinary bladders, nasal turbinates and faecal samples from 8 necropsied wolves were examined for P. plica and E. böhmi infections and associated lesions. P. plica was identified in the bladder of four wolves. At histological examination, follicular chronic cystitis and eosinophilic cystitis were found. E. böhmi nematodes and eggs were identified from the nasal turbinates and rectal faecal samples of three wolves. Worms and eggs were found embedded in the mucosa among the nasal bone laminae. Two wolves were found coinfected by P. plica and E. böhmi. This is the first report of P. plica and E. böhmi infections in wolves from Italy and the first description of pathological lesions associated with P. plica infection in wolves.

Histopathology of Gastric and Duodenal Strongyloides stercoralis Locations in Fifteen Immunocompromised Subjects

2006 ◽  
Vol 130 (12) ◽  
pp. 1792-1798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Rivasi ◽  
Silvio Pampiglione ◽  
Renzo Boldorini ◽  
Loredana Cardinale
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Duodenal Mucosa ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Histologic Diagnosis ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Gastric Biopsies ◽  
Duodenal Biopsies

Abstract Context.—Strongyloidiasis is a worldwide parasitic infection affecting approximately 75 million people. In Italy, it was more prevalent in the past among rural populations of irrigated areas. Objective.—To determine the histopathologic alterations of the gastric and duodenal mucosa associated with the presence of Strongyloides stercoralis parasites. Design.—Fifteen cases of strongyloidiasis were observed in immunocompromised patients during a recent 6-year period in Italy. S stercoralis was found histologically in gastric biopsies (10 cases), in a gastrectomy (1 case), and in duodenal biopsies (9 cases). In 5 cases the parasite was present both in gastric and duodenal biopsies. Four patients were affected by lymphoma, 2 by multiple myeloma, 2 by gastric carcinoma, 1 by chronic myeloid leukemia, 1 by sideroblastic anemia, 1 by colorectal adenocarcinoma, 1 by chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis, 1 by chronic gastritis, 1 by gastric ulcers, and 1 by rheumatoid arthritis in corticosteroid therapy. No patient was affected by human immunodeficiency virus infection. Strongyloidiasis was not clinically diagnosed. Results.—Histologic examination revealed several sections of S stercoralis larvae, many eggs, and some adult forms. All the parasites were located in the gastric and/or the duodenal crypts. Eosinophils infiltrating into the lamina propria were found in all cases; their intensity was correlated with the intensity of the infection. Conclusions.—Histologic diagnosis of strongyloidiasis must be taken into consideration when examining both gastric and duodenal biopsies in immunocompromised patients, to avoid the development of an overwhelming infection of the parasite, which is dangerous for the life of the patient.

scholarly journals Descriptive Study of the Different Tools Used to Evaluate the Adherence to a Gluten-Free Diet in Celiac Disease Patients

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Rodrigo ◽  
Isabel Pérez-Martinez ◽  
Eugenia Lauret-Braña ◽  
Adolfo Suárez-González
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Duodenal Mucosa ◽  
Gluten Free Diet ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Autoimmune Process ◽  
Duodenal Biopsies

Celiac disease (CD) is a genetically conditioned autoimmune process that appears in susceptible people. It can affect people of any age, and slightly predominates in females. It has a fairly homogenous global distribution, with an average prevalence of 1–2%, the frequency having increased in recent decades. The only effective treatment is a strict and permanent gluten-free diet (GFD), although the level of compliance is poor, at about 50% of cases. To monitor the effectiveness of the GFD, several procedures involving various approaches are employed: (a) Periodic visits by expert Nutritionists; (b) Clinical follow-up; (c) Serological time controls of specific antibodies; (d) Serial endoscopies with collection of duodenal biopsies; (e) Use of structured questionnaires; and (f) Determination of gluten peptides derived from gluten in faeces and/or urine. All of these procedures are useful when applied, alone or in combination, depending on the cases. Some patients will only need to consult to their doctors, while others will require a multidisciplinary approach to assess their compliance with the GFD. In children, normalization of duodenal mucosa was achieved in 95% of cases within two years, while it is more delayed in adults, whose mucosa take longer time (3–5 years) to heal completely.

scholarly journals Early, Isolated Duodenal Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Presenting without Symptoms or Grossly Apparent Endoscopic Lesions and Diagnosed by Random Duodenal Biopsies

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihajlo Gjeorgjievski ◽  
Issa Makki ◽  
Pradeep Khanal ◽  
Mitual B. Amin ◽  
Ann Marie Blenc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Duodenal Mucosa ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
Helicobactor Pylori ◽  
Duodenal Lesions ◽  
Relative Rarity ◽  
Pathologic Analysis ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Involuntary Weight Loss ◽  
Duodenal Biopsies

Clinical data regarding mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALToma) solely involving the duodenum are sparse because of the relative rarity of the disease. A comprehensive literature review revealed only 17 cases reported until 2004, and only a moderate number of cases have been reported since. MALToma can be asymptomatic in its very early stages but frequently produces localized or nonspecific symptoms, including early satiety, abdominal pain, vomiting, and involuntary weight loss in later stages. While gastric MALToma is strongly associated with gastric Helicobactor pylori infection, duodenal MALToma is often unassociated with H. pylori infection. A 74-year-old female presented with only dysphagia (without symptoms referable to a duodenal lesion), without systemic ‘B’ symptoms, and with no evident duodenal lesions at esophagogastroduodenoscopy; however, she was diagnosed with duodenal MALToma by pathologic examination of random duodenal biopsies performed to exclude celiac disease. An important clinical feature of this case is that duodenal MALToma was diagnosed by pathologic analysis of duodenal biopsies despite (1) no endoscopically apparent duodenal lesions; (2) duodenal involvement without gastric involvement; (3) lack of symptoms attributable to duodenal MALToma, and (4) absence of evident H. pylori infection. This work shows that early duodenal MALToma can be difficult to diagnose because of absent symptoms, absence of gastric involvement, absence of endoscopic abnormalities, and absence of H. pylori infection; it may require random duodenal biopsies for diagnosis.

Balloon dilation of a congenital rectal stricture in a 16-week-old kitten

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e001034
Author(s):  
Darren Kelly ◽  
Tobias Wagner ◽  
Valerie Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Complete Resolution ◽  
Balloon Dilation ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Rectal Stricture ◽  
Fluoroscopic Guidance ◽  
First Report ◽  
Single Procedure ◽  
Abdominal Radiographs ◽  
Old Persian

A 16-week-old Persian kitten was referred for investigation of constipation and failure to grow. The owner reported that the kitten had always strained to defecate. Abdominal radiographs confirmed megacolon and CT pneumocolography confirmed the presence of a caudal rectal stricture. During a single procedure and under fluoroscopic guidance, the stricture was effaced by sequentially dilating 10-mm and 15-mm balloons. Shortly after discharge, the owner reported complete resolution of clinical signs and oral laxatives were stopped. Repeat radiographs 1 month post dilation showed resolution of the diffuse megacolon and the cat appeared well and had gained weight. This is the first report of a congenital rectal stricture in a kitten and one of the few reports documenting balloon dilation for the treatment of stenotic anorectal lesions (congenital or acquired) in cats.

scholarly journals More fuel to the fire: some patients with non-celiac self-reported wheat sensitivity exhibit adaptive immunological responses in duodenal mucosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Isabel Castillo-Rodal ◽  
Janette Furuzawa-Carballeda ◽  
Mario Peláez-Luna ◽  
José Castro-Gómez ◽  
Yolanda López-Vidal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Duodenal Mucosa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Intraepithelial Lymphocytes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Immunological Responses ◽  
Clinical Scenarios ◽  
Wheat Sensitivity ◽  
Duodenal Biopsies

Abstract Background In contrast to the well-characterized Celiac Disease (CD), the clinical scenarios encompassed by the non-celiac self-reported wheat sensitivity (NCSRWS) might be related to different antigens that trigger distinct immune-inflammatory reactions. Although an increased number of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes is observed at the inception of both diseases, the subsequent immunopathogenic pathways seem to be different. We aimed to describe the cytokine profile observed in the duodenal mucosa of patients with NCSRWS. Methods In a blind, cross-sectional study, we included duodenal biopsies from 15 consecutive untreated patients with active CD, 9 individuals with NCSRWS and 10 subjects with dyspepsia without CD and food intolerances. Immunohistochemistry and flow-cytometry were used to determine the presence of pro-inflammatory cytokine expressing monocytes and monocyte-derived dendritic cells involved in innate immune activation, cytokine-driven polarization and maintenance of Th1 and Th17/Th 22, and anti-inflammatory/profibrogenic cytokines. Results The percentage of cells expressing all tested cytokines in the lamina propria and the epithelium was higher in CD patients than in the control group. Cytokines that induce and maintain Th1 and Th17 polarization were higher in CD than in NCSRWS and controls, also were higher in NCSRWS compared to controls. Similar differences were detected in the expression of IL-4 and TGF-1, while IL-10-expressing cells were lower in NCSRWS patients than in controls and CD subjects. Conclusions NCSRWS patients exhibit components of both, innate and adaptive immune mechanisms but to a lesser extent compared to CD.

scholarly journals Sialolipoma of the sublingual salivary gland in a dog – first report

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. e149060
Author(s):  
Andressa Gianotti Campos ◽  
Geni Patricio ◽  
Patrícia Ferreira de Castro ◽  
Luciane Kanayama ◽  
Alessandra Loureiro Morales dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Fibrous Capsule ◽  
Resected Specimen ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
First Report ◽  
First Case ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Soft Tissue Swelling ◽  
The Right

This report describes a 14-year-old Pit Bull dog presenting with a soft tissue swelling of 3-month progression in the right sublingual region. Histopathological analysis of the surgically resected specimen revealed large numbers of mature adipocytes and islets consisting of mucin-containing atrophic acini and dilated ducts surrounded by a thin fibrous capsule. Findings were consistent with sialolipoma of the sublingual salivary gland. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first case of sialolipoma affecting the sublingual salivary gland in dogs.

Parasitization of juvenile edible crabs (Cancer pagurus) by the dinoflagellate, Hematodinium sp.: pathobiology, seasonality and its potential effects on commercial fisheries

Parasitology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 142 (3) ◽  
pp. 428-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
AMANDA L. SMITH ◽  
LUCY HIRSCHLE ◽  
CLAIRE L. VOGAN ◽  
ANDREW F. ROWLEY
Keyword(s):  
Histological Examination ◽  
Carapace Width ◽  
Seasonal Trend ◽  
Commercial Fisheries ◽  
Cancer Pagurus ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
High Prevalence

SUMMARYThis study reports on the prevalence and severity of infections caused by the parasitic dinoflagellate, Hematodinium in juvenile edible crabs (Cancer pagurus) found in 2 intertidal survey sites (Mumbles Head and Oxwich Bay) in the Bristol Channel, UK. Crabs were assessed for the presence and severity of Hematodinium infections by the histological examination of infected tissues. Such infections were found to exhibit a seasonal trend in the 2 study areas with high numbers of animals (ca. 30%) infected in the spring to summer but with low severity. Conversely, in November only ca. 10% of crabs were infected but these animals had large numbers of parasites in their haemolymph and other tissues. At this time, the carapace and underlying tissues of infected crabs had the chalky, pinkish-orange appearance that is characteristic of this disease. Hematodinium-infected crabs ranged in size from 12 to 74 mm carapace width. Overall, it is concluded that the high prevalence of infection of juvenile crabs in this area may have implications for the sustainability of the edible crab fishery in the Bristol Channel.

Bilateral Segmental Aplasia with Unilateral Uterine Horn Torsion in a Pomeranian Bitch

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 327-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kensuke Nakamura ◽  
Masahiro Yamasaki ◽  
Tomohiro Osaki ◽  
Hiroshi Ohta ◽  
Noboru Sasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
First Report ◽  
Tentative Diagnosis

Bilateral segmental aplasia of the uterine horns with unilateral pyometra and uterine horn torsion were diagnosed in a Pomeranian bitch that presented with chronic abdominal distension and an acute onset of anorexia and lethargy. Because radiographic and ultrasonographic findings revealed the presence of markedly enlarged bilateral uterine horns filled with fluid in the caudal abdomen, a tentative diagnosis of either pyometra or hydrometra with uterine horn torsion was made. Exploratory laparotomy showed bilateral, segmentally distended uterine horns with unilateral uterine horn torsion. Ovariohysterectomy was performed, and bilateral segmental aplasia of the uterine horns with the development of unilateral uterine horn torsion was diagnosed histopathologically. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of uterine horn torsion in conjunction with segmental aplasia of the uterine horn in a bitch.

scholarly journals Enterococcus hirae Enteropathy with Ascending Cholangitis and Pancreatitis in a Kitten

2000 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Lapointe ◽  
R. Higgins ◽  
N. Barrette ◽  
S. Milette
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Ducts ◽  
Enterococcus Hirae ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltration ◽  
First Report ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Ascending Cholangitis ◽  
Asymptomatic Adult ◽  
Suppurative Inflammation ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

A 2-month-old female Persian cat that had been showing episodes of anorexia and diarrhea for the previous 4 weeks was presented in shock and died 2 days later. Numerous Gram-positive cocci were located along the brush border of small intestinal villi, without significant inflammatory infiltration. Similar bacteria were present within hepatic bile ducts and pancreatic ducts and were associated with suppurative inflammation and exfoliation of epithelial cells. Culture of the liver and lung yielded bacteria identified as Enterococcus hirae. Fecal culture from an asymptomatic adult female from the same cattery also yielded large numbers of E. hirae. To our knowledge, this is the first report of E. hirae enteropathy in a cat and the first report of ascending cholangitis and ductal pancreatitis caused by an Enterococcus spp.

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