scholarly journals MENTALIZING IN FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA AND PROGRESSIVE SUPRANUCLEAR PALSY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo de Souza ◽  
Maxime Bertoux ◽  
Luciano Mariano ◽  
Elisa Resende ◽  
Antônio Lúcio Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Cerebral Atrophy ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Limbic Structures ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
Medial Cortex ◽  
Critical Regions

Background: Mentalizing and emotion recognition are impaired in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). It is not clear whether these abilities are disturbed in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Objective: To investigate social cognition (SC) between bvFTD and PSP. The neural basis of SC in PSP and bvFTD groups were also investigated by neuroimaging. Methods: Data from the notification sheet were collected and patients were classified according to current clinical and pathological criteria. Results: Groups did not differ on age, schooling and sex. Compared to controls, bvFTD and PSP patients had reduced scores in all tests of SC. bvFTD and PSP did not differ on measures of SC. PSP and bvFTD had cerebral atrophy in critical regions for SC. The cortical correlates of emotion recognition overlapped in bvFTD and PSP, correlating with frontal medial cortex, insula and limbic structures. PSP and bvFTD patients also displayed similar patterns of brain correlations (anterior temporal lobes) for social norms. The neural correlates of mentalizing were associated with frontal and temporal poles bilaterally, in both bvFTD and PSP. Conclusion:PSP patients exhibit impairment in mentalizing. PSP and bvFTD share clinical, cognitive and neuroimaging features.

scholarly journals The behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia: a clinical case

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Kotsyubinskaya ◽  
V. A. Mikhailov ◽  
I. K. Stulov ◽  
N. I. Ananyeva ◽  
L. I. Sitnik
Keyword(s):  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Cerebral Atrophy ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
Personality Changes ◽  
Current Events

The paper is devoted to frontotemporal dementia (FTD), one of the most common forms of frontotemporal degeneration. The main symptoms of the disease include disinhibition, lack of empathy, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, apathy, cognitive impairment, appetite changes, and progressive changes in social behavior. In parallel, there are personality changes that are characterized by lower levels of self-awareness and by progressive psychological and social maladaptation of patients in society.The paper describes a clinical case of FTD in a female patient with marked behavioral changes and personality disorder. A 52-year-old woman was admitted to the alcoholism treatment department for alcohol intoxication and symptoms of mental confusion. According to her relatives, drinking too much alcohol every day, she was found to become rude, indifferent to others and her own duties, sharply limited the range of her activities and communication, and showed a decline in memory for current events. Psychopathological examination determined a distinct motivational-volitional decrease, the patient’s inability to mobilize mental activity, non-critical thinking, and indifference. X-ray diagnosis revealed the changes characteristic of frontotemporal neurodegeneration (atrophy of the frontal and temporal lobes prevails). The described case confirms that alcohol abuse can mask organic disorders that develop in systemic cerebral atrophy.

scholarly journals Social Cognition Deficits Are Pervasive across Both Classical and Overlap Frontotemporal Dementia Syndromes

2020 ◽  
pp. 115-126
Author(s):  
Faheem Arshad ◽  
Avanthi Paplikar ◽  
Shailaja Mekala ◽  
Feba Varghese ◽  
Vandana Valiyaparambath Purushothaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Primary Progressive Aphasia ◽  
Reactivity Index ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Significant Impairment

<b><i>Objectives:</i></b> Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) syndromes are a complex group of disorders characterised by profound changes in behaviour and cognition. Many of the observed behavioural abnormalities are now recognised to be due to impaired social cognition. While deficits in emotion recognition and empathy are well-recognised in behavioural-variant (Bv)FTD, limited information exists about the nature of social cognitive impairment in the language variant primary progressive aphasia (PPA) that includes progressive non-fluent aphasia (PNFA) and semantic dementia (SD), and in the motor variants FTD amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FTD-ALS) and FTD progressive supranuclear palsy (FTD-PSP). This prospective study sought to explore the nature and profile of social cognition deficits across the spectrum of FTD. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Sixty patients on the FTD spectrum, i.e., classical (16 with BvFTD and 20 with PPA) and overlap FTD syndromes (13 with FTD-ALS and 11 with FTD-PSP) were evaluated by means of the social cognition tasks, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) for empathy, and pictures of facial affect (POFA) for emotion recognition. General cognition and behaviour were also assessed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A significant impairment in emotion recognition and empathy was detected in both the classical and overlap FTD syndromes. The recognition of positive emotions was relatively preserved compared to that of negative emotions. Among the FTD subtypes, maximal impairment of empathy was demonstrated in FTD-PSP. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Social cognition impairment is pervasive across the spectrum of FTD disorders, and tests of emotion recognition and empathy are clinically useful to identify the nature of behavioural problems in both classical and overlap FTD. Our findings also have implications for understanding the neural basis of social cognition in FTD.

Different apathy clinical profile and neural correlates in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Fernández-Matarrubia ◽  
Jordi A. Matías-Guiu ◽  
María Nieves Cabrera-Martín ◽  
Teresa Moreno-Ramos ◽  
María Valles-Salgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia

Stereotypic behaviours in frontotemporal dementia and progressive supranuclear palsy

Cortex ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 272-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Prioni ◽  
Veronica Redaelli ◽  
Paola Soliveri ◽  
Vincenza Fetoni ◽  
Federica Barocco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia

scholarly journals Social cognitive deficits and their neural correlates in progressive supranuclear palsy

Brain ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 135 (7) ◽  
pp. 2089-2102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boyd C. P. Ghosh ◽  
Andrew J. Calder ◽  
Polly V. Peers ◽  
Andrew D. Lawrence ◽  
Julio Acosta-Cabronero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Social Cognitive Deficits

scholarly journals Early changes in corticomotor excitability underlie proactive inhibitory control of error correction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borja Rodriguez Herreros ◽  
Julia L Amengual ◽  
Jimena Lucrecia Vazquez-Anguiano ◽  
Silvio Ionta ◽  
Carlo Miniussi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Proactive Inhibition ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Inhibitory Mechanism ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Corticomotor Excitability ◽  
Control Of Error

Converging evidence indicates that response inhibition may arise from the interaction of effortful proactive and reflexive reactive mechanisms. However, the distinction between the neural basis sustaining proactive and reactive inhibitory processes is still unclear. To identify reliable neural markers of proactive inhibition, we examined the behavioral and electrophysiological correlates elicited by manipulating the degree of inhibitory control in a task that involved the detection and amendment of errors. Restraining or encouraging the correction of errors did not affect the time course of the behavioral and neural correlates associated to reactive inhibition. We rather found that a bilateral and sustained decrease of corticomotor excitability was required for an effective proactive inhibitory control, whereas selective strategies were associated with defective response suppression. Our results provide behavioral and electrophysiological conclusive evidence of a comprehensive proactive inhibitory mechanism, with a distinctive underlying neural basis, governing the commission and amendment of errors. Together, these findings hint at a decisive role for changes in corticomotor excitability in determining whether an action will be successfully suppressed.

How the Brain Moves the Eyes

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Shirley H. Wray
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Smooth Pursuit ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Initial Symptoms ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

discusses the brain’s visual architecture for directing and controlling of eye movements:the striate, frontal and parietal cortical areas; and the eye movements themselves—saccades, smooth pursuit, and vergence. The susceptibility to disorders of these systems is illustrated in four detailed cases that follow disease progression from initial symptoms and signs to diagnosis and treatment. The case studies and video displays include a patient with Pick’s disease (frontotemporal dementia), another with Alzheimer’s dementia, and two examples of rare saccadic syndromes, one a patient with the slow saccade syndrome due to progressive supranuclear palsy and one with selective saccadic palsy following cardiac surgery.

scholarly journals Language impairment in progressive supranuclear palsy and corticobasal syndrome: MLSE screening and its neural correlates

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (S6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie A. Peterson ◽  
P. Simon Jones ◽  
Nikil Patel ◽  
Ruth Ingram ◽  
Karalyn Patterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Corticobasal Syndrome

scholarly journals Neural Correlates of Theory of Mind Are Preserved in Young Women With Anorexia Nervosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Leslie ◽  
Daniel Halls ◽  
Jenni Leppanen ◽  
Felicity Sedgewick ◽  
Katherine Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Neural Activation ◽  
Neural Basis

People with anorexia nervosa (AN) commonly exhibit social difficulties, which may be related to problems with understanding the perspectives of others, commonly known as Theory of Mind (ToM) processing. However, there is a dearth of literature investigating the neural basis of these differences in ToM and at what age they emerge. This study aimed to test for differences in the neural correlates of ToM processes in young women with AN, and young women weight-restored (WR) from AN, as compared to healthy control participants (HC). Based on previous findings in AN, we hypothesized that young women with current or prior AN, as compared to HCs, would exhibit a reduced neural response in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), the inferior frontal gyrus, and the temporo-parietal junction (TPJ) whilst completing a ToM task. We recruited 73 young women with AN, 45 WR young women, and 70 young women without a history of AN to take part in the current study. Whilst undergoing a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan, participants completed the Frith-Happé task, which is a commonly used measure of ToM with demonstrated reliability and validity in adult populations. In this task, participants viewed the movements of triangles, which depicted either action movements, simple interactions, or complex social interactions. Viewing trials with more complex social interactions in the Frith-Happé task was associated with increased brain activation in regions including the right TPJ, the bilateral mPFC, the cerebellum, and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. There were no group differences in neural activation in response to the ToM contrast. Overall, these results suggest that the neural basis of spontaneous mentalizing is preserved in most young women with AN.

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