scholarly journals Environmental health indicator for the evaluation of neighborhoods in urban areas: a case study in Caruaru (PE), Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-179
Author(s):  
Armando Dias Duarte ◽  
Saulo de Tarso Marques Bezerra ◽  
Elizabeth Amaral Pastich Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Health Indicator ◽  
Public Managers ◽  
Negative Impacts

The environment, over the years, has been subjected to strong negative impacts caused by economic policies that have promoted an uncontrolled growth of urbanization in the cities and abusive exploration of the natural resources. In this context, developing socio-environmental indicators to subsidize the formulation of municipal public policies which consider, specifically, the environmental (in)salubrity of each neighborhood or locality of municipalities is imperative. The present paper presents the construction and application of an environmental health indicator for residential neighborhoods in two localities of Caruaru City, Pernambuco State. The data adopted in research were obtained from databases of City Hall institutions, from interviews with the population of the localities and water quality analyses. The results indicated that the neighborhoods analyzed presented characteristics of medium health; water supply, the disposal of solid waste, and socioeconomic aspects require attention and priority of public policies. In conclusion, the proposed indicator can be an instrument to assist in urban planning and environmental management of Brazilian municipalities, because it can guide the performance of public managers and the civil society to identify priority actions for improving the infrastructure of the most unhealthy neighborhoods. Keywords: healthiness; environmental health; environmental sanitation; environmental management; environmental health indicator.

scholarly journals Environmental health indicator for the evaluation of neighborhoods in urban areas: a case study in Caruaru (PE), Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-179
Author(s):  
Armando Dias Duarte ◽  
Saulo de Tarso Marques Bezerra ◽  
Elizabeth Amaral Pastich Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Health Indicator ◽  
Public Managers ◽  
Negative Impacts

The environment, over the years, has been subjected to strong negative impacts caused by economic policies that have promoted an uncontrolled growth of urbanization in the cities and abusive exploration of the natural resources. In this context, developing socio-environmental indicators to subsidize the formulation of municipal public policies which consider, specifically, the environmental (in)salubrity of each neighborhood or locality of municipalities is imperative. The present paper presents the construction and application of an environmental health indicator for residential neighborhoods in two localities of Caruaru City, Pernambuco State. The data adopted in research were obtained from databases of City Hall institutions, from interviews with the population of the localities and water quality analyses. The results indicated that the neighborhoods analyzed presented characteristics of medium health; water supply, the disposal of solid waste, and socioeconomic aspects require attention and priority of public policies. In conclusion, the proposed indicator can be an instrument to assist in urban planning and environmental management of Brazilian municipalities, because it can guide the performance of public managers and the civil society to identify priority actions for improving the infrastructure of the most unhealthy neighborhoods. Keywords: healthiness; environmental health; environmental sanitation; environmental management; environmental health indicator.

scholarly journals Integração de políticas públicas em processos de reabilitação ecológica em áreas urbanas – estudo de caso / Integration of public policies in ecological rehabilitation processes in urban areas – a case study

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 4002-4030
Author(s):  
Lucy Marta Schellin ◽  
Gilmar Rollof ◽  
José Roberto Roloff ◽  
Betina Mehler Woehl ◽  
Bruno Henrique Schafhauser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Ecological Rehabilitation

A gestão das cidades envolve a implementação de várias políticas públicas, tais como a Política Nacional de Recursos Hídricos - PNRH (BRASIL, 1997), a Política Urbana - Estatuto da Cidade(BRASIL, 2001), a Política Nacional de Proteção e Defesa Civil - PNPDEC (BRASIL, 2012), a Política Nacional de Recuperação da Vegetação Nativa - PROVEG (BRASIL, 2017) entre outras e acordos internacionais como, por exemplo, a Convenção sobre a Diversidade Biológica (ONU, 1992). O objetivo deste trabalho é propor ações que considerem a integração destas políticas públicas adequando a cobertura arbórea urbana do local de estudo de forma a promover a reabilitação ecológica das margens do rio Barigui e a adequação da arborização adjacente aos canais de drenagem existentes. Espera-se contribuir com os processos de conectividade dos fragmentos da cobertura arbórea urbana local, com a redução da erosão das margens e deposição de sedimentos nos cursos de água e, assim, promover melhorias nas condições de escoamento dos canais de drenagem e do rio Barigui, minimizando riscos à população e custos à municipalidade.

Urban gardening and spatial justice from a mid-size city perspective: the case of Ortobello Urban Garden

2019 ◽  
pp. 74-90
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Aliperti ◽  
Silvia Sarti
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Participatory Planning ◽  
Spatial Justice ◽  
Urban Gardening ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Urban Sites

The increasing number of metropolitan areas worldwide suggests to more in-depth investigate metropolitan neighbourhoods in order to explain the complex social dynamics emerging in these new contexts. As a matter of fact, the majority of the existing studies on spatial justice provided analyses and investigations focused on metropolitan settings. However, the issue of spatial justice also involves smaller urban areas and further research is needed in that sense. Our investigation analyses a case study of urban gardening that has been developed with the aim of valorising the central neighbourhood of an Italian mid-size city through proposing participatory planning interventions and requalification of urban sites. The urban gardening initiative has included several actors within the process of implementation. The investigated group of people potentially subjected to the spatial injustice is formed by the residents and the local retailers. A comparison between different stakeholders’ perspectives is provided in order to measure the positive and negative impacts of the initiative on the local community.

scholarly journals Military, Race, and Urbanization: Lessons of Environmental Injustice from Las Vegas, Nevada

2020 ◽  
pp. 073112142094677
Author(s):  
Camila H. Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Health ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Las Vegas ◽  
Environmental Injustice ◽  
Additional Increase ◽  
Spatial Error ◽  
Census Tracts ◽  
The Military ◽  
Environmental Inequalities

Environmental justice scholarship argues state power perpetrates environmental inequalities, but less is known about the U.S. Military’s impact on local urban environmental inequalities. To evaluate the role of the military in contributing to environmental health disparities, I draw on the case study of Las Vegas, Nevada, a southwestern city with active military sites. The analysis uses environmental health, demographic, and Geographic Information System (GIS) data from federal and county agencies. Findings from spatial error models support environmental inequality and treadmill of destruction hypotheses by demonstrating that census tracts in closer proximity to military areas have greater estimated cancer risk from air toxics. Census tracts with a higher percent of poor and Latinx residents, independent of their proximity to military areas, have an additional increase in exposure to air pollution. The case study of Las Vegas offers important lessons of environmental injustice on Latinx environmental health vulnerability and military sites in urban areas.

scholarly journals Closeness is Not Accessibility: Isolation and Depopulated Rural Areas in the Proximity of Metropolitan Urban Areas, A Case-Study in Inland Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 410-435
Author(s):  
H. S. Martínez Sánchez-Mateos ◽  
A. R. Ruiz Pulpón
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Accessibility Analysis ◽  
Physical Connection ◽  
And Function

Abstract The increase of accessibility is one of the most important strategies to achieve territorial cohesion and slow down depopulation processes in rural areas. Accessibility is a wide concept with a range of interpretations. When it comes to rural areas, usual accessibility measures introducing proximity and ease of physical connection could lead to misinterpretations and a lack of knowledge for rural areas. This study proposes an accessibility analysis based on connection and function of one of the most depopulated territories in inland Spain: the province of Guadalajara (NUTS-3) which constitutes an interesting case-study because its proximity to the Spanish capital city (Madrid) and the integration of part of the province on its dynamics and economic processes. Results show different rural accessibility levels useful for public policies and decision making on infrastructures. In addition, the accessibility model suggested can be applied in other depopulated rural areas of Europe.

scholarly journals Ruido en la ciudad. Contaminación auditiva y ciudad caminable / Noise in the city. Acustic pollution and the walkable city

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Alfie Cohen ◽  
Osvaldo Salinas Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
The Public ◽  
City Environment ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The City

La contaminación auditiva es un fenómeno poco estudiado en la relación ciudad-ambiente. La combinación de ruido constante y permanente, el uso indiscriminado del automóvil y las políticas públicas desintegradas provocan una gestión ambiental incierta y poco clara frente a esta problemática. El modelo de ciudad caminable pretende generar espacios urbanos donde se reduzca el uso del transporte, se enfaticen las bondades de la movilidad a pie y en bicicleta, y se rehabiliten espacios públicos y áreas verdes, mecanismos que podrían reducir la contaminación auditiva y otras afectaciones ambientales.AbstractNoise pollution is a phenomenon insufficiently studied in the city-environment relationship. The combination of constant and permanent noise, indiscriminate use of cars and the poorly integrated public policies, cause an inaccurate and unclear environmental management. The model of a “walkable city” intends to address urban areas where transport use is reduced, the benefits of mobility through walking and cycling are emphasized and the public spaces and green areas are remediated. All those instruments could reduce noise pollution and other environmental effects.

scholarly journals Groundwater vulnerability to agrochemical contamination

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-455
Author(s):  
Rogério Barbosa Soares ◽  
Samiria Maria Oliveira Silva ◽  
Francisco de Assis de Souza ◽  
Ticiana Marinho de Carvalho Studart ◽  
Renata Locarno Frota
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Information System ◽  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Groundwater Vulnerability ◽  
Relationship Matrix ◽  
Logical Relationship ◽  
Contamination Index ◽  
Public Managers

This research aimed at evaluating groundwater vulnerability to agrochemical contamination. To that end, we developed an index called Hydric Vulnerability and Agrochemical Contamination Index (HVACI), which integrates a geographic information system and fuzzy logic to measure catchment vulnerability to agrochemical contamination. Our case study investigates two sub-basins, the Baixo Jaguaribe and the Médio Jaguaribe, in the state of Ceará, Brazil. We built a logical relationship matrix involving economic and environmental information as a tool to enhance public managers' decision-making capabilities. Evaluation was based on four categories of vulnerability — high, medium-high, medium-low, and low —, and we found that the joint area of the Baixo Jaguaribe and Médio Jaguaribe sub-basins presented the following levels of risk contamination: 80.3% of the area had low vulnerability, 3.5% had medium-low vulnerability, 3.0% had medium-high vulnerability, and 13.2% had high vulnerability. Geographically, the municipalities with high vulnerability to contamination by pesticides were Aracati, Icapuí, Limoeiro do Norte, Tabuleiro do Norte, and Quixeré. Therefore, HVACI is an important tool for directing environmental management efforts toward areas identified as highly vulnerable to agrochemical contamination.

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROSPECTS OF INDUSTRIAL AREA: A CASE STUDY ON MCIE, INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (0) ◽  
pp. 208-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sjaifuddin Sjaifuddin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Environmental Management ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Industrial Estate ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
The Future ◽  
Negative Impacts

In addition to promote economic growth, industrialization had caused negative impacts on the environment. It was required a lot of efforts to overcome negative impacts, although the results were still not as expected. Starting from this condition this research aimed to design an environmental management prospect of Modern Cikande Industrial Estate (MCIE) in Serang, Banten Province, Indonesia. Environmental management prospect designed using a prospective analysis. This technique used to explore various possibilities in the future in environmental management of MCIE based on eco-industrial parks (EIPs). The analysis showed that there were 5 (five) key factors determine the success of environmental management of MCIE: pollution control, investment security, availability of infrastructure, industrial tourism, and competitiveness of industry. The most implementable scenario in MCIE environmental management in the future was the new urbanism. This scenario oriented on the long term balance between economic growth and environmental protection.

scholarly journals Indicadores de Sustentabilidade como Instrumentos de Planejamento e Gestão Socioambiental: Análise do Município de Brejo da Madre de Deus – PE (Sustainability Indicators as management instruments and Planning Social and Environmental: Analysis of the Municipality of Brejo da Madre de Deus – PE)

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 081
Author(s):  
Helenize Carlos de Macêdo ◽  
Maria Fernanda Abrantes Torres
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Environmental Issue ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
Public Managers ◽  
Intermediate Degree ◽  
Selection Of

RESUMOAs discussões sobre a questão ambiental têm se intensificado na literatura científica e nos meios sociais em virtude dos problemas decorrentes do uso inadequado dos recursos naturais. Tal situação tem levado à busca de soluções que venham a promover a sustentabilidade no planeta, fortalecendo o paradigma do desenvolvimento sustentável. Neste intento, o emprego de ferramentas que possibilitem o estudo e a mensuração dos sistemas socioambientais é fundamental para auxiliar os gestores públicos e a sociedade no planejamento e na tomada de decisões, visando à efetivação de políticas públicas e de práticas sustentáveis. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar indicadores socioambientais do município de Brejo da Madre de Deus – PE. Através do uso do Painel de Sustentabilidade e da seleção de indicadores socioambientais foi possível verificar os níveis de sustentabilidade para as dimensões sociais, econômicas e ambientais, totalizando um grau intermediário (50,1). Estes resultados podem ser utilizados como instrumento na elaboração de políticas públicas que possibilitem a elevação destes índices, melhorando a qualidade de vida da população e a preservação ambiental no município.Palavras-chave: Modelagem estatística; regressão linear; temperatura da superfície do mar. ABSTRACTThe discussions on the environmental issue have intensified in the scientific literature and social means due the problems arising from the misuse of natural resources. This situation led to the search for solutions that come promote sustainability on the planet, strengthening the paradigm of sustainable development. In this purpose, the use of tools that enable the study and measurement of socio-environmental systems is fundamental to assist public managers and society the planning and the decision making, aimed at the implementation of public policies and sustainable practices. In this sense, the present study aimed to evaluate social and environmental indicators of Brejo da Madre de Deus – PE Municipality. Through the use of the sustainability dashboard and selection of environmental indicators it was possible to verify the sustainability levels for social, economic and environmental dimensions, totaling an intermediate degree (50.1). These results can be used as tools for the elaboration of public policies that allow an increase of these indexes, improving the quality of life of the population and the environmental preservation in the municipality.Keywords: planning, sustainability, socio-environmental indicators.

scholarly journals Education in the Transit

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-298
Author(s):  
Cristina Keiko Yamaguchi ◽  
Carlos Roberto Da Silva ◽  
Stéfano Frizzo Stefenon
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Reduce Fuel Consumption ◽  
Operational Costs ◽  
Greenhouse Emissions ◽  
Negative Impacts

The growing number of motor vehicles in urban areas has generated negative impacts on costs for users and bus operators due to congestion and the increase in travel time. Furthermore, transport sector is a significant user of energy, especially fuel, and a great responsible for greenhouse emissions. In order to mitigate these externalities, transport companies try to incorporate into their processes innovative tools and best practices in management, like the so-called economic-driving. The economic-driving seeks to reduce fuel consumption, greenhouse emissions and operational costs. This paper aims to present the results of an economic-driving program implemented in a public transport bus company in Brazil, in the period of 2010-2016. The methodologies used were exploratory, descriptive and case study. The results showed a reduction of fuel consumption by 786.336 liters. The analysis of the consumption of brake linings in eleven buses, running the same itineraries by the same drivers, decreased 47.46%. Based on the Embrapa’s methodology for the calculation of greenhouse emissions the company stopped emitting 86,757.36 kilo grams of CO₂ in the atmosphere. In conclusion, the case study confirmed the feasibility of applying economic-driving strategies and the economic and social advantages with the program for the company.

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