Mandibular Bone Fractures in elderly patients with reference to etiology of trauma

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1920-1922
Author(s):  
Nabeela Riaz ◽  
Samreen Younas ◽  
Ijaz Ur Rehman ◽  
Ahmad Abdul Haseeb ◽  
Saba Hanif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Mandibular Bone ◽  
Mandibular Injuries

Aim: to explore the mandibular bone fractures in elderly patients with reference to etiology of trauma. Methodology: This was a descriptive study conducted in the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery KEMU/ Mayo Hospital Lahore. Elderly patients (age 60-100years) with mandibular bone fractures. Results: Aetiology of trauma leading to mandibular fractures was as follows; there were 79(65.83%) cases of RTA, 32(26.66%) falls, 4(3.33%) assaults and there were only 3(2.5%) cases of industrial injury. Conclusion: To conclude, this study depicts that road traffic accidents were the predominant cause of injury in the studied age group. Elderly patients need more care and attention, especially after traumatic incidents and lead to financial burden in hospitals Keywords: Maxillofacial trauma, Elderly population, Mandibular injuries, Elderly fractures

In the emergency department

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Cascarini ◽  
Clare Schilling ◽  
Ben Gurney ◽  
Peter Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Soft Tissue Injuries ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Penetrating Injuries ◽  
Orbital Floor Fractures ◽  
Zygomatic Fractures

This chapter discusses oral and maxillofacial surgery in the A&E department, including, The paediatric OMFS patient, Overview of maxillofacial trauma, Mandibular fractures, Zygomatic fractures, Orbital floor fractures, Maxillary fractures, Nose, naso-ethmoidal, and frontal bone fractures, Face and scalp soft tissue injuries, Penetrating injuries to the neck, Intra-oral injuries, Dento-alveolar trauma, Dento-alveolar infections, Post-extraction complications, Head and neck soft tissue infections, Salivary gland diseases, and Miscellaneous conditions

scholarly journals Association of Midfacial Fractures with Ophthalmic Injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 099-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantinus Politis ◽  
Alexandra Kluyskens ◽  
Titiaan Dormaar
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Initial Management ◽  
Midfacial Fractures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The University

The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence of ophthalmic complications following midfacial fractures and investigate its relation to surgical or nonsurgical treatment. This article is a retrospective study, describing the spectrum and incidence of ophthalmic injury in 106 patients presenting with midfacial fractures at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the University Hospitals Leuven over a period of 16 months (January 2013 to April 2014). The mean age of the patients was 45.6 years with a gender distribution of 68 men and 38 women. The main cause of trauma was road traffic accidents. Forty-one patients suffered an ophthalmic injury following the fracture. Twelve of them had a persistent ophthalmic problem. Ophthalmic examination is necessary during the initial management. The time window for preservation of sight is small and treatment should be started immediately. Development of an emergency trauma scale that includes fractures, symptoms of visual impairment, and patient history is recommended and should stimulate a multidisciplinary approach of complex cases.

Pattern of Mandible fracture reported in a single institute: A retrospective analysis of 1230 cases to determine causes of facial trauma and preventive strategies in Lahore Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Kirn Zulfiqar ◽  
Faiz Rasul Awan
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Ethical Review ◽  
Facial Trauma ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Maxillofacial Fractures ◽  
Dental Hospital

Background: Maxillofacial fractures are the most commonly reported injuries in developed as well as developing countries, among all facial bones; mandible is most commonly fractured. The pattern of mandibular bone fracture has changed drastically over the past two decades due to increase occurrence of high velocity impact. The objective of this study was to determine the pattern and causes of mandibular fractures that have reported in the Department of Surgery at Punjab Dental Hospital Lahore. Methods: Ethical Review Committee of de’Montmorency College of Dentistry (DCD), Lahore, granted the Ethical approval for this retrospective study. Data was taken from the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of de’Montmorency College of Dentistry/ Punjab Dental Hospital (DCD/PDH) by using secondary data of indoor register from January 2017 to December 2020. Record which met our inclusion criteria was included in this study and record having incomplete data was excluded. A total of 1230 cases were entered in SPSS version 21 to determine descriptive statistic of the data. Percentages and frequencies of variables like gender, site of fracture and causes of fracture were calculated.   Results: Our study included 1230 patients out of which 873 were males and 357 were females. The most affected age group was the fourth decade of life (38.1%) and the major etiological factor was road traffic accident (RTA) which led to fractures in 1067 patients (86.7%). Para-symphysis and symphysis was the most commonly affected area comprising of 36.2% of all fractures. The second most common sit was condyle (23.9%). Least commonly fractured site was coronoid process of the mandible. Conclusion: Cause of majority of mandible fractures is RTA and most commonly affected anatomical site were Para-symphysis and Symphysis.

scholarly journals Adequacy of Three Dimensional Miniplate In Treatment Of Mandibular Fracture In Interforaminal Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
Vivek Singh ◽  
Ritesh Giri
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Dynamic Compression ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Wound Dehiscence ◽  
Mandibular Fracture ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Intermaxillary Fixation

Background: Mandible is one of the commonly fractured bone due to trauma, assault and falls. Treatment includes closed and open methods. Methods of open reduction and internal fixation have changed and di­versified enormously in the past few years. Champy’s miniplate fixation, dynamic compression plating has become a standard approach. More recently, three dimensional miniplates have been developed by Farmand which may be effectively used in mandibular fractures. The aim of this study was to check the adequacy of three dimensional miniplate in man­agement of mandibular fracture occurring in the interforaminal region. Methods: A prospective clinical study was carried out in patients attend­ing Emergency Department and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital (NMCTH) suffer­ing from mandibular fractures in interforaminal region from May 2018 to January 2019. Results: A total of 17 patients with 18 fracture in interforaminal region, all male were included in the study. The age ranged from 16 to 50 years with a mean of 29.17 ± 9.48. Road traffic accident was the leading cause of injury with 15 out of 17 patients (88.23%). There was no incidence of wound infection, wound dehiscence, malunion, nonunion, plate fracture within the follow up period of 3 months. One fracture was unstable on 1st postoperative day and also had mildly deranged occlusion which was man­aged with intermaxillary fixation for two weeks. Conclusions: Three dimensional plates fulfills the treatment goals of ad­equate stabilization and fixation of mandibular interforaminal fractures.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of mandibular fractures treated in a Brazilian level I Trauma Public Hospital in the city of São Paulo, Brazil

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Zillo Martini ◽  
André Takahashi ◽  
Humberto Gomes de Oliveira Neto ◽  
José Pereira de Carvalho Júnior ◽  
Ricardo Curcio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Hospitalization Period ◽  
The City

This article reviews cases of mandibular fractures treated at the Service of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Hospital Complex of Mandaqui (SUS/SP), which is a reference hospital complex for trauma in the northern area of the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Ninety-eight patients with mandibular fractures were seen at the hospital between January and December, 2001. Out of this total, 91 cases whose files were deemed adequate in terms of data accuracy and completeness were reviewed. The following data were collected for the study: age, gender, etiology, anatomical fracture site, treatment modality, relation to other facial bone fractures, hospitalization time and posttrauma complications. Motorcycle accident was the major cause of mandibular fractures followed by physical aggression and height fall. The mandibular anatomical sites of higher fracture incidence were: body, symphysis and condyle. The most commonly performed treatment modes were conservative approach or open reduction and intraosseous fixation. In conclusion, motorcycle accidents were associated with a larger number of facial fractures and most predominantly affect 21-30 year-old males. On the average, motor vehicle accident victims had more (and more severe) fractures than physical aggression victims. Complications were mostly associated with angle fractures and hospitalization period. Polytraumatized patients presented greater morbidity for complications.

scholarly journals Incidence and etiology of mandibular fractures treated in Vilnius University Hospital Žalgiris clinic, Lithuania: a review of 1 508 cases

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Linas Zaleckas ◽  
Povilas Drobnys ◽  
Jūratė Rimkuvienė
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Fracture Area ◽  
Late Evening ◽  
Vilnius University

Relevance of the study: this is the first Lithuanian study, which analyzes in detail the incidence, etiology and circumstances of mandibular fractures treated in the Vilnius University Hospital, Lithuania. The data and findings of this study are compared with other studies, identifying specific mandibular trauma patterns in Lithuania. Background. During past few decades, the socioeconomic situation in Lithuania has been changing significantly, and there is a need to evaluate data about mandibular fracture epidemiology and etiology. The aim of the study was to analyse the incidence, etiology, circumstances and localization of mandibular fractures treated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Vilnius University Hospital Žalgiris Clinic, Lithuania. Materials and methods. The medical records of 1 508 patients with mandibular fractures, treated between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2009, were reviewed. The following data were analysed: age, gender, trauma date and time, etiology and circumstances of trauma, fracture area. Results. The male : female ratio was 7.3 : 1. The majority of patients (53.6%) were young people, aged 16–30 years. Mandibular fractures most often (53%) occurred between May and September, mostly at weekends (61%) and in the late evening (60%). The main cause of mandibular fractures was interpersonal violence (70%), followed by falls and accidents (19%), and road traffic accidents (6%). Even 15% of men and 10% of women were alcohol intoxicated at the time of trauma. The most common fracture area was mandibular angle (32%) and condylar process fractures (31%). Conclusions. The incidence of mandibular fractures was remarkably larger in the male, during the second and third decade of life. Most mandibular fractures occurred in the warm period of the year, especially at weekends and late evening. The mandibular basis region was the most common fracture site. The most common cause of mandibular fractures was assault.

scholarly journals An Epidemiological Study on Pattern and Incidence of Mandibular Fractures

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subodh S. Natu ◽  
Harsha Pradhan ◽  
Hemant Gupta ◽  
Sarwar Alam ◽  
Sumit Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Bias ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Mandibular Fracture ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Facial Fracture ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
History Of

Mandible is the second most common facial fracture. There has been a significant increase in the number of cases in recent years with the advent of fast moving automobiles. Mandibular fractures constitute a substantial proportion of maxillofacial trauma cases in Lucknow. This study was undertaken to study mandibular fractures clinicoradiologically with an aim to calculate incidence and study pattern and the commonest site of fractures in population in and around Lucknow. Patient presenting with history of trauma at various centers of maxillofacial surgery in and around Lucknow were included in this study. Detailed case history was recorded followed by thorough clinical examination, and radiological interpretation was done for establishing the diagnosis and the data obtained was analyzed statistically. Out of 66 patients with mandibular fractures, highest percentage was found in 21–30 years of age with male predominance. Road traffic accidents were the most common cause of fracture with parasymphysis being commonest site. Commonest combination was parasymphysis with subcondyle. There was no gender bias in etiology with number of fracture sites. The incidence and causes of mandibular fracture reflect trauma patterns within the community and can provide a guide to the design of programs geared toward prevention and treatment.

scholarly journals Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: An Evidence-Based Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Weiss ◽  
Andrew Read-Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
3 Dimensional

Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) is a valuable imaging technique in oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS) that can help direct a surgeon’s approach to a variety of conditions. A 3-dimensional analysis of head and neck anatomy allows practitioners to plan appropriately, operate with confidence, and assess results post-operatively. CBCT imaging has clear indications and limitations. CBCT offers the clinician 3-dimensional and multi-planar views for a more accurate diagnosis and treatment without the financial burden and radiation exposure of conventional computed tomography (CT) scans. Furthermore, CBCT overcomes certain limitations of 2-dimensional imaging, such as distortion, magnification, and superimposition. However, CBCT lacks the detailed depiction of soft tissue conditions for evaluation of pathologic conditions, head and neck infections, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc evaluation. This review evaluates the evidence-based research supporting the application of CBCT in the various fields of oral and maxillofacial surgery, including dentoalveolar surgery, dental implants, TMJ, orthognathic surgery, trauma, and pathology, and will assess the value of CBCT in pre-operative assessment, surgical planning, and post-operative analysis when applicable. Additionally, the significant limitations of CBCT and potential areas for future research will be discussed.

scholarly journals Patterns of Maxillofacial Fractures in Road Traffic Crashes in an Indian Rural Tertiary Center

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
A Sagayaraj ◽  
Rijo M Jayaraju ◽  
Mallika P Reddy ◽  
KR Harshitha ◽  
Priyanka Majety
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Nasal Bone ◽  
Road Traffic Crash ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
Maxillofacial Fractures ◽  
Tertiary Center

ABSTRACT Background and objectives Road traffic crashes are reported to be the leading cause of maxillofacial fractures in developing countries. The large variability in reported incidence and etiology is due to a variety of contributing factors, including environmental, cultural and socioeconomic factors. The study aims at describing the patterns of maxillofacial fractures in road traffic crashes by clinical and radiological methods and to study the complications associated with these fractures. Materials and methods The study included 100 road traffic crash patients with maxillofacial injuries. Patients were evaluated for any maxillofacial fracture by clinical assessment and, radiologically, using plain radiographs and computed tomography scan. Results Midfacial skeleton was more prone to fractures. Isolated fractures of the maxilla was the commonest (58%) followed by nasal bone fractures (43%). Among the complex fractures, Le Fort type II was the commonest. Mandibular fractures were seen in 33% of the patients, parasymphysis being the commonest site. Majority of the patients had associated soft tissue injuries. The incidence of complications associated with maxillofacial fractures was 11%, malocclusion being the commonest. Conclusion Maxillofacial fractures are commoner in the mobile population in the most productive age group, more so in two wheeler riders causing significant morbidity and mortality. Midface region is more prone to fractures and is most of the time associated with complications. How to cite this article Jayaraju RM, Sagayaraj A, Reddy MP, Harshitha KR, Majety P. Patterns of Maxillofacial Fractures in Road Traffic Crashes in an Indian Rural Tertiary Center. Panam J Trauma Crit Care Emerg Surg 2014;3(2):53-58.

scholarly journals Interrelation between facial soft tissue lessions, underlying fracture patterns and treatment of zygomatic bone trauma: a 10 year retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juncar Raluca Iulia ◽  
Paul Andrei Tent ◽  
Juncar Mihai ◽  
Arghir Ioan Anton ◽  
Arghir Cristina Oana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Fracture Pattern ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Facial Soft Tissue ◽  
Nominal Data ◽  
Correct Treatment ◽  
Zygomatic Bone ◽  
Zygomatic Fracture

Abstract Background: The pattern of zygomatic bone fractures varies in the literature, their features being frequently masked by the presence of associated soft tissue lesions. In this context the clinical diagnosis and the therapeutic indications can be difficult. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical features of zygomatic bone fractures and their interrelation with concomitant overlying soft tissue injuries, as well as to assess the type of treatment methods applied depending on the fracture pattern and the results achieved depending on the incidence rate of postoperative complications. We will use these results in order to improve the diagnosis and the establishment of correct treatment of this pathology. Methods: A 10-year retrospective evaluation of midface fractures was performed in patients diagnosed and treated in a tertiary Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Statistical analysis was performed with the MedCalc Statistical Software version 19.2 (MedCalc Software bvba, Ostend, Belgium;53 https://www.medcalc.org; 2020). Nominal data were expressed as frequency and percentage. The comparisons of the frequencies of a nominal variable among the categories of another nominal variable were made using the chi-square test. Multivariate logistic regressions were used in order to establish the independent association between variables and lacerations/excoriations. After using the Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, a value of p<0.025 was considered statistically significant.Results: The study included 242 patients with zygomatic bone fractures. The majority of the fractures were displaced n=179 (73.9%), closed n=179 (73.9%) and complete n=219 (90.5%). Hematoma was the most frequent associated soft tissue lesion n=102 (42.1%) regardless of the fracture pattern (p=1.000). Complete zygomatic fracture (OR – 2.68; p=0.035) and fractures with displacement (OR – 3.66; p=0.012) were independently associated with the presence of laceration. Fractures with displacement (OR – 7.1; p=0.003) were independently associated with the presence of excoriation. The most frequent type of treatment applied was Gillies reduction (61.9%), followed by ORIF (30.9%). The most frequent postoperative complication was malunion secondary to Gillies treatment (4,6%). Conclusions: Patients presenting lacerations and excoriations on clinical soft tissue examination will most frequently have an underlying complete, displaced or comminuted zygomatic fracture. In the case of displaced, open or comminuted fractures we achieved the best results secondary to ORIF treatment method, while in the case of non-displaced and closed fractures, the best results achieved were secondary to conservative treatment.

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