scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and acute toxicity evaluation of Litchi chinensis seed extract in albino rat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sindhu KC ◽  
Bipindra Pandey ◽  
Sistu KC ◽  
Santosh Gurung ◽  
Ashish Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Litchi Chinensis ◽  
Rat Paw Edema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Litchi chinensis is a edible fruits of soapberry family commonly known as lychee; is traditionally used for the treatment of inflammation, headache, and body pain. The present study investigated the toxicity, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activity of the ethanolic crude extract of Litchi chinensis to support its traditional use in its folk medicine and to screen the phytochemical constituents. 70% ethanolic extract of seeds of Litchi chinensis (LCSE) was prepared and preliminary phytochemical screening was performed. Acute toxicity of LCSE was carried out based on OECD guidelines 423. In vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect of the extract was evaluated using carrageenan-induced paw edema and hot plate methods in Wistar albino rat's model. Results revealed that LCSE contains phenols, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and alkaloids. LD50 values were found to be higher than 5000 mg/kg body weight; no any sign of toxicity, behavior changes, moribund, and mortality were observed in LCSE treated animals. Oral administration of LCSE at the dose of 150, 300, and 600 mg/kg produced a significant (p<0.05) dose-dependent inhibition in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema and hot plate. These results suggest that LCSE is non-toxic, and shows potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities over Wistar albino rats. These finding demonstrate that lychee seed extract acts as a good therapeutic candidate for the safe anti-inflammatory agents.

Extraction and evaluation of anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of Mimosa rubicaulis in Swiss albino rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshani Gurung ◽  
Sundar Adhikari ◽  
Niranjan Koirala ◽  
Kalpana Parajuli
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Antiinflammatory Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Immersion Method ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Tail Immersion ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Pain and inflammation are major health problems. The adverse effect of synthetic drugs for the management of painful inflammatory conditions gives a strong motivation for researchers to develop newer drugs with a lesser side effect. Mimosa rubicaulis has been used traditionally in rheumatism, fungal infection, wound, fever, etc. Objective: The objective was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of ethanolic stem extract of M. rubicaulis in Swiss albino rats. Methods: The stem of M. rubicaulis were collected, subjected to double maceration using ethanol as a solvent. Then, swiss albino rats (n=72) were taken. An acute toxicity study was conducted using different doses of plant extract. The antiinflammatory activity (100 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg) was evaluated using the carrageenan-induced paw edema test. While, analgesic activity (100 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg) was evaluated using a hot plate and tail immersion method. The result was analyzed using a one-way Analysis of variance and post hoc analysis with the Tukey test. Results: The acute toxicity study showed that the plant is safe for use in an animal model. The extract showed antiinflammatory activity by a reduction in paw edema volume i.e. 25%, and 48%. Similarly, analgesic activity was shown by an increase in latency of paw licking and tail withdrawal by 41%, 56% (hot plate method) and 39%, and 54% (Tail immersion method), p<0.05. Conclusion: It can be concluded that ethanolic extract of Mimosa rubicaulis is safe and possesses both anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity.

scholarly journals Analgesic and Toxicity Studies of Aminoacetylenic Isoindoline-1,3-dione Derivatives

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghad Shakir ◽  
Zuhair A. Muhi-eldeen ◽  
Khalid Z. Matalka ◽  
Nidal A. Qinna
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Gastric Lesions ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Rat Paw Edema ◽  
Ulcerogenic Activity ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rat Paw

We have developed a series of aminoacetylenic isoindoline-1,3-dione compounds and showed their anti-inflammatory activities by reducing carrageenan-induced rat paw edema and modulating proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. In the present study and due to efficacy reasons, we are exploring only two of these compounds, namely, ZM4 and ZM5, to reveal their analgesic activity and toxicity. Following oral administration, both compounds were effective in reducing significantly (P<0.05–0.001) acetic acid-induced writhing behavior, hot plate latency test, and formalin-induced paw licking time as antinociceptive indicators in mice and rats, respectively. Regarding the toxicity, the acute (20, 50, and 150 mg/kg) and repeated oral administration (10, 20, and 50 mg/kg) of these compounds for ten days did not produce any mortality and the compounds were considered well tolerated. However, repeated oral administration of 50 mg/kg of both compounds induced erythropoiesis by means of increasing significantly red blood cells, hemoglobin, and packed cell volume. Moreover, these compounds did not induce gastric lesions in the stomach of experimental animals at the doses that exhibited analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity compared to indomethacin as a positive control. The results indicate that ZM4 and ZM5 possess potential analgesic activity while being preliminarily safe and have minimal ulcerogenic activity.

scholarly journals Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect of Clausena suffruticosa root extract in animal model

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 631-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Rahman ◽  
J. S. Chakma ◽  
S. Islam ◽  
M. S. Rana ◽  
N. U. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Chemical Models ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

The aim of the study was to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Clausena suffruticosa root extract. The effect of different concentrations of ethanolic root extract were studied in animal model using acetic acid induced writhing response, formalin induced pain, hot plate method for analgesic activity in Swiss Albino mice and carrageenan induced paw edema for anti-inflammatory action in Wister Albino rat. The extract reduced writhing response 20% by 0.5g/kg, 57.6% by 1.5g/kg and 78% by 2 g/kg and showed significant analgesic activity as determined by formalin induced pain and hot plate method. In the carrageenan induced paw edema, the extract at a dose of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg showed the highest inhibition 17.23%, 26.30% and 42.46%, respectively, at the 4th hour of administration. The results indicate that the extract shows promising analgesic effect in chemical models of nociception (not related to the opioid system) and anti-inflammatory effect.

scholarly journals Root Bark of Cordia millenii Essential Oil: Anti-inflammatory and Anti-nociceptive Activities

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Opeyemi N. Avoseh ◽  
Isiaka A. Ogunwande ◽  
Yahaya Yakubu ◽  
Peter O. Afolabi
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Rat Paw Edema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Plate Analysis

Aims: Considering the lack of scientific studies focused on the pharmacological activity of Cordia millenii essential oil, this work was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities of essential oil from the root bark. Study Design: The design of the study include collection of root bark of Cordia millenii, hydrodistillation of essential oil from the plant and evaluation of its anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive potentials. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Chemistry, Lagos State University, Nigeria between May 2017 and April 2018. Methodology: The root bark of C. millenii were collected from Ayetoro, Ilesha (7°37¢0N 4°43¢0E), Osun State, Nigeria in June 2017. Essential oils were obtained from the air-dry sample by hydrodistillation procedure in an all glass Clevenger-apparatus. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by carrageenan-induced rat paw edema. The anti-nociceptive action was established from the hot-plate analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism (version 7.02). Results: The anti-inflammatory activity of the essential oil was statistically significant (p < 0.001) at 1st and 3rd h for the 100 mg/kg p.o., at 1st-3rd h for the 200/kg mg p.o. and at 3rd and 4th h for the 400 mg/kg p.o. In addition, the 100 mg/kg p.o. showed significant activity (p < 0.01) at 2nd h. Also, the anti-inflammatory activity was significant (p < 0.05) for 100 mg/kg p.o. (4th h), 200 mg/kg p.o. (4th h) and 400 mg/kg p.o (1st h). The essential oil of C. millenii displayed high activity (p <0.001) for all doses in the hot plate anti-nociceptive assay which was time and dose independent. Conclusion: Results demonstrate that the essential oil of C. millenii was effective in the treatment of inflammatory conditions, thereby supporting the traditional use of this herb.

scholarly journals Antinociceptive Effect of the Ethanol Leaf Extract of Balanites aegyptiaca Linn in Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
O.A. Sodipo ◽  
J. Yakubu ◽  
A.M. Dungus ◽  
B. Wampana
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Balanites Aegyptiaca ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Tail Immersion ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dose Dependent

Balanites aegyptiaca is a medicinal plant that has been used in a variety of folk medicines in India and Africa for the treatment of different ailments such as syphilis, jaundice, liver and spleen problems, epilepsy, yellow fever. This research aimed at investigating the phyt ochemical constituents, acute toxicity, anti inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of the ethanol extract of Balanites aegyptiaca (EEBA) leaves. The plant material was extracted using ethanol as solvent. The dried ethanol extract was screened for the presence of phytochemicals; Acute toxicity (LD50) was  determined using Lorke’s method while anti inflammatory and antinociceptive activities were evaluated using hot plate and tail immersion methods in albino rats. Results of the study revealed that phyto chemical constituents such as flavonoids, carbohydrates, saponins and glycosides were found in the EEBA, intraperitoneal LD 50 of 2154 mg/kg shows the substance is non toxic. The EEBA produced significant (p <0.05) and dose dependent anti inflammatory and a ntinociceptive activities at all test doses (200, 400 and 600 mg/kg). The presence of the phytochemicals detected might be responsible for the demonstrated anti inflammatory and antinociceptive activities in the plant extract. Keywords: Phytochemical, Anti inflammatory, Antinociceptive , Balanites aegyptiaca

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antipyretic and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Aqueous Extract of Leptadenia Reticulata in Animal Models

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sneha Bherji ◽  
M. Ganga Raju ◽  
Namile Divya
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Antipyretic Activity ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

<strong>Objective:</strong> To study the antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects of the Aqueous Extract of <em>Leptadenia Reticulata</em> (AELR) in different animal models. <strong>Materials and Methods</strong>: Acute toxicity studies were performed and extract was found to be safe upto 2000 mg/kg. Two doses were selected for the "evaluation of antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous extract of <em>Leptadenia reticulata</em> in animal models" i.e 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg b. w. Antipyretic activity was evaluated using baker's yeast induced pyrexia in albino rats and cow milk induced pyrexia in albino rabbits. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using carrageenan induced paw edema and turpentine oil induced paw edema in albino rats. <strong>Results</strong>: In all the animal models AELR at the dose of 200 mg/kg b.w and 400 mg/kg b.w showed significant (P&lt;0.01) antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activity. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: These finding could justify the inclusion of aqueous extract of <em>Leptadenia reticulata</em> in the management of pyrexia and inflammation.

ANALGESIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT FROM JATROPHA CURCAS (EUPHORBIACEAE) LEAVES ON EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (08) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
P Chandra ◽  
◽  
N Sachan ◽  
R Yadav ◽  
K. Kishore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Rat Paw Edema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Analgesic Activities ◽  
Rat Paw

The present study evaluates the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the methanolic extract from Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae) leaves to provide experimental evidence for its traditional use. Investigations on the analgesic effects and anti-inflammatory activities of J. curcas were carried out by utilizing the different animal models. It has been shown that the methanolic extract from Jatropha curcas leaves significantly increased pain threshold and reduced writhing response as well as inhibited the increase in vascular permeability. Also, it significantly decreased the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema. The results show that the methanolic extract from Jatropha curcas leaves have both central and peripheral analgesic activities and as anti-inflammatory effects, supporting the traditional application of this herb in treating various diseases associated with inflammation and pain.

scholarly journals Sugar Palm Fruits (Arenga pinnata) as Potential Analgesics and Anti-Inflammatory Agent

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Evi Sovia ◽  
Dian Anggraeny
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Rat Paw Edema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Palm Fruits ◽  
Rat Paw

Background: Sugar palm fruit (Arenga pinnata) is used for osteoarthritis empirically. It also has antioxidant activity and showed inhibition to lipoxygenase activity. The study about analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of sugar palm fruit is still limited, this study was initiated to explore analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of sugar palm fruit ethanol extract (SFEE).Materials and Methods: Acetic acid induced writhing was performed for screening analgesic activity, meanwhile antiinflammatory activity was tested against rat paw edema. Acute toxicity and phytochemical screening were also investigated.Results: The results of phytochemical screening revealed that flavonoids, alkaloids and quinones were present in SFEE. SFEE 50 and 100 mg/kg have analgesic effect and show the anti-oedematogenic effect against paw edema induced by carrageenan. SFEE could significantly decrease the neutrophils numbers as compared to the carrageenan-treated group. Neutrophil activation has been shown to contribute to tissue inflammation and damage.Conclusion: SFEE have analgetic and anti-inflammatory activity.Keywords: Arenga pinnata, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, acute toxicity

scholarly journals Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extracts of leaf and fruit pulp of Aegle marmelos in albino rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 1596
Author(s):  
Krishnakanth K. ◽  
Abhilash B. G. ◽  
Neeraja K. ◽  
Hari Jagannadha Rao G. ◽  
Chakrapani Cheekavolu
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Latency Time ◽  
Fruit Pulp ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Aegle Marmelos ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: To study the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanolic extracts of leaf (LE) and fruit pulp (FE) of Aegle marmelos in comparison with the standard drugs pentazocine and diclofenac in albino rats. 56 healthy wistar albino rats of either sex were randomly divided into 14 groups of 4 each (n=4), weighing about 150-200grams were selected for the study. All drugs i.e. 1ml of 1% Carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC), pentazocine 10mg/kg (intraperitoneal), diclofenac 10 mg/kg and LE and FE at doses of 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg in 1% CMC (vehicle) were administered per oral one hour before the experiment.Methods: Analgesic activity was assessed by Eddy’s hot plate method (latency time) and acetic acid induced writhing (number of writhings) method. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by carrageenan induced hind paw edema method using digital plethysmometer.Results: Test drugs at doses LE 200mg/kg and FE 200mg/kg have shown significant increase in mean latency time in Eddy’s hot plate (P <0.001) and decrease in the average number of writhing movements (P <0.01). LE 200 and FE 200 doses did not show significant anti-inflammatory activity in Carrageenan induced paw edema model (P >0.05).Conclusions: Leaf extract (LE) and fruit extract (FE) at doses 200mg/kg have shown significant analgesic action and no anti-inflammatory action.

scholarly journals A comparative evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of two medicinal plants rubia cordifolia and cassia fistula in wistar albino rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 802
Author(s):  
Rajashekar Y. R. ◽  
Narasimhamurthy K. M.
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Plate Model ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Cassia Fistula ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Inflammatory Models ◽  
Cotton Pellet ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Pain and inflammation are disabling accompaniments of many medical conditions. So, controlling both pain and inflammation assumes the top priority for the physician. Inflammation is a part of a complex biological response of vascular tissues to harmful stimuli such as pathogens, chemicals or irritants. Therapy of pain and inflammation has always been debatable.Methods: Rats were divided into 8 groups of 6 animals of each. The anti-inflammatory activity was studied with carrageenan induced rat paw edema and cotton pellet induced granuloma models. The analgesic activity was evaluated using Eddy’s hot plate model. The aqueous extract of Rubia cardifolia root and Cassia fistula leaf preparations were compared with Diclofenac in both acute and sub acute inflammatory models and also in pain model.Results: Various test result parameters were statistically analysed at P value <0.5. In Eddy's hot plate model both RC and CF preparations prolonged the response reaction time, while CF preparation showed longer reaction time than that of RC preparation. In carrageenan induced paw edema and cotton pellet induced granuloma models, both RC and CF preparations showed significant decrease in paw edema volume and granuloma dry weight respectively, but less than that of Diclofenac. RC preparation found to have dose dependant in inflammatory models.Conclusions: RC root and CF leaf preparations were compared head to head and they have been found to have significant dose dependant analgesic activity and dose independent acute and sub acute anti inflammatory activities. Though CF leaf preparation appeared to be a good analgesic than RF root preparation, but failed to do so as an anti inflammatory agent in both inflammatory models. But both test preparations were not equivalent to Diclofenac in all three models.

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